Communicable diseases stem from bacteria, germs and viruses that can be transmitted from one individual to another through physical touch, the air or the sharing of bodily fluids (saliva, blood, reproductive fluids, etc). Oftentimes, a certain communicable disease, such as polio, can be completely controlled through a single immunization dosage. More often, preventing communicable disease is accomplished through attention to hygiene, proper lifestyle and general cleanliness.
Tips
Several simple tips for preventing communicable disease may lessen your chances of contracting a germ or virus. Cover all open wounds with clean gauze or bandages, especially if the wounds are leaking or oozing fluid. Dispose of all used tissues by placing them into a sealed plastic bag and putting them in the garbage. Wash commonly-used items, such as toys and eating utensils, using hot water and soap. Alternatively, cold water mixed with a small amount of bleach will kill germs on hard surfaces.
Maintain a strong immune system by incorporating proper nutrition, rest and daily exercise into your lifestyle. This will allow your body to fight off external pathogens more efficiently. Do not share drinks, toothbrushes or eating utensils with other individuals. Avoid sexual contact with individuals infected by sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
Vaccines
It is important to ensure that you receive vaccinations for communicable disease. Stay current with flu shots by receiving one annually. Try to receive vaccines for diseases like polio, whooping cough, tetanus, mumps and measles early in life. This will allow your body the antibodies necessary to combat these diseases should you ever become infected by them.
Washing Hands
Diligent hand-washing is perhaps the easiest and most effective method of preventing communicable disease. Numerous flu-causing germs and viruses are passed into the nose, mouth, eyes or ears via the hands and can be removed through soap and water. These pathogens commonly reside on public objects (doorknobs, handrails, counters) as well as household objects, pets, appliances and certain foods. Wash your hands after using the bathroom, sneezing or coughing, handling uncooked meat, taking out the trash or touching a dirty surface.
When washing your hands, use warm or hot water. Use soap to lather both hands, including the wrists and under the fingernails. Rinse them for at least 20 seconds under running water. While rinsing, rub your hands together vigorously to remove all traces of soap and coagulated bacteria. Dry your hands using a paper towel.
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