The focus of a diet for a patient with diabetes is to control blood sugar levels and maintain a healthy weight. Even moderate weight loss, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center, can improve the insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes, especially when combined with physical activity. Meal planning is essential in controlling blood sugar levels and keeping cholesterol low. Plan a diet that is balanced, consists of smaller portions and is rich in vegetables, fruits and whole-grain foods.
Portions
Portion control is important for your diabetes diet. Smaller portions control the amount of carbohydrates, cholesterol and fat. Smaller portions of healthy foods will help you maintain a healthy weight and control blood sugar levels. The American Diabetes Association's diabetes food pyramid (see References below) will help ensure you enjoy a healthy diet.
Fruits and Vegetables
Eat three to five servings of vegetables a day and two to four of fruits. These foods are rich in fiber, vitamins and minerals. There are two kinds of vegetables, starchy and non-starchy. You'll need to monitor your intake of starchy vegetables (such as peas, potatoes, lima beans and corn) because of the carbohydrates they contain. Non-starchy foods include carrots, broccoli, cucumbers, lettuce, cabbage and cauliflower.
Whole Grains and Legumes
Eat whole grains and legumes (black beans, lentils). They are a good source of fiber and complex carbohydrates; they contain more nutritional value than processed foods. Choose brown rice, whole-wheat spaghetti and whole-grain cereals and breads.
Seek Help
Consult a dietitian to create an individualized meal plan that will work for you. Depending on what medication is taken, you may need more or less from the food groups to control your blood sugar and maintain health.
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