Myopic degeneration is a hereditary deformation of the eye that causes dramatically blurred vision or complete blindness. It is a severe form of simple myopia, which describes the common near-sightedness present in many people. Some treatments may be able to prevent degenerative myopia or reverse its effects.
Incidence
Myopic degeneration is more common among certain demographics, namely Middle Eastern, Chinese and Japanese individuals. It most commonly presents itself during early adolescence, although it can begin at birth.
Symptoms
When a patient suffers from this condition, she often experiences blurry vision and increased sensitivity to light.
Cause
Myopic degeneration is caused by the thinning, stretching and deformation of the sclera. The sclera is the white of the eye, providing protection and structure to the delicate inner workings of the eye. When the sclera weakens due to inherited degenerative myopia, important structures such as the macula and retina may become damaged.
Surgical Treatment
To reinforce the protective sclera and therefore reduce myopic degeneration, an ophthalmologist may perform a procedure called scleral bucking. This process involves inserting a supportive strap into the back of the eye, strengthening the sclera. This has been shown to prevent further vision loss and, anecdotally, to even slightly restore the patient's vision. This surgery is still fairly new and may not be right for every patient with this condition. An ophthalmologist will determine whether or not scleral buckling is safe and beneficial for a particular patient.
Medical Treatment
Studies have shown that a regimen of a chemical called 7-methylxanthine can strengthen the sclera and therefore stem myopic degeneration. This medicine increases the presence and density of collagen in the sclera, rebuilding the strength necessary for protecting the structures of the eye. This treatment is most effective when applied as early as possible during the onset of the condition.
Tags: degenerative myopia, Myopic degeneration, sclera therefore, this condition
