Breast reduction surgery, or reduction mammaplasty, is a surgical procedure used to relieve patients from pain associated with heavy breasts. This is accomplished by removing excess fat, glandular tissue and skin to create a size and shape that most appropriately fits the patient's body. As with any surgical operation, there are potential complications. However, the benefits of breast reduction surgery often outweigh the risks, therefore making it a popular choice for patients with large, heavy breasts.
Benefits
Breast reduction surgery can reduce the emotional and physical complications associated with having large breasts. For example, large breasts make physical activity, such as running or dancing, very challenging and painful. It can also lead to neck, back and shoulder pain associated with the excess weight. On an emotional level, breast reduction surgery can alleviate many of the self-esteem and self-consciousness feelings associated with large, pendulous breasts.
Techniques
There are a number of techniques used by surgeons, and technique selection depends upon the size, shape, degree of reduction and scarring expectations for each patient. The Wise Pattern is the most common method used for breast reduction that is characterized by its anchor-shape incision. The LeJour technique is characterized by a lack of horizontal incision and is often referred to as a lollipop incision. Another options is "scarless breast reduction," which is done through small incisions and liposuction.
Recovery
Following surgery, bandages and stitches will be used to close the incision areas. In addition, a wound drain may be used to remove excess fluid or blood that may collect following surgery. Furthermore, while each surgeon provides different instructions, the general guidance is to minimize heavy lifting, avoid wearing bras with underwires and refrain from physical activities until the bruising and swelling subsides.
Risks
The most common risks associated with breast reduction surgery include asymmetrical breasts, sensation issues and potential breastfeeding complications. While asymmetrical breasts are uncommon following surgery, it is a risk that can be mitigated by selecting a qualified surgeon. In terms of sensation issues, the degree of nipple grafting employed during the surgery has a significant impact on the level of sensation loss. If sensation loss is of particular concern, opt for one of the non-grafting methods to mitigate the risk. In addition, sensation issues are often temporary and typically do not have long-term impact. Finally, with respect to breastfeeding, the risk is directly associated with the method chosen for the surgery. As a general rule, the more glandular and connective tissue that can remain untouched, the better are your chances for breastfeeding in the future. However, when glandular and connective tissue must be removed, a portion of the milk ducts are also removed, which increases your risk for future complications.
Complications
The list of potential complications related to breast reduction surgery are very similar to the complications associated with any invasive surgery. These potential complications include bleeding, adverse reaction to anesthesia, infection or a hematoma. Furthermore, of most concern to patients is the scarring associated with breast reduction. The extent of post-surgery scarring can vary depending upon the method used, skin health and overall complexion. Fortunately, most scars will fade within a year following surgery.
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