Diagnostic Vs Screening Colonoscopy

Diagnostic Vs. Screening Colonoscopy

A colonoscopy is a procedure that uses a flexible, lighted tube (colonoscope) to examine the rectum and colon for tissue abnormalities such as polyps or cancer. Depending on their circumstances, individuals may receive either a screening or diagnostic colonoscopy.

Screening Colonoscopy

Typically, individuals receive screening colonoscopies as a protective measure when no symptoms of colon problems currently exist. They are recommended every ten years for most people over 50, notes the Oncology Channel.

Diagnostic Colonoscopy

Doctors typically perform diagnostic colonoscopies when other symptoms or tests indicate the presence of dangerous colon changes, notes the American Cancer Society. During this procedure, tissue samples of any abnormal area are taken through the interior of the colonoscope.

Virtual Colonoscopy

Doctors may also use a newer technique called a virtual colonoscopy, notes the National Cancer Institute (NCI). During this procedure, computer-controlled X-ray machines gather detailed images of the colon and rectum.

Capsule Endoscopy

Individuals unable to undergo a traditional diagnostic colonoscopy may receive a capsule endoscopy, reports the Oncology Channel. During this procedure, the patient swallows a double-sided video camera that takes images of the colon as it passes through the body.

Considerations

Doctors do not know if screening colonoscopies actually reduce deaths associated with colorectal cancer, notes the NCI.

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Skin Cancer Radiation Treatment Complications

Radiation is one of several techniques (including surgery or cryosurgery) that can be used in a well-rounded treatment plan to fight cancer. It can be especially effective when the cancer covers a large amount of your body, but there can be complications.

Immediate Side Effects

Immediately following radiation, the skin may feel warm or red and irritated as though you've spent time in the sun. The skin can peel and even ooze fluid as it heals. You doctor should inform you of possible side effects.

Hair Loss

A few weeks to a month after radiation, you might notice hair loss--either temporary or permanent. Also known as alopecia, the hair loss can be severe depending on the duration of the treatment and its affect on the hair follicles.

Darkened Skin

For some, radiation treatment can permanently darken the skin. This change in skin pigmentation can appear gradually and is likely to start as a patchy spot that's darker than the skin around it. The texture of the skin, once healed, will usually appear the same. Only the coloring is changed.

Ulcers

Though very rare, some people who undergo radiation end up with ulcerations on the skin. These ulcers appear as open sores that ooze pus and eventually scab over and heal. However, in even rarer cases, these ulcers don't heal and remain open, placing the patient at constant risk for infection.

Skin Cancer

In very rare cases, skin cancer can develop on the area treated with radiation. Even though one cancer is eliminated, the radiation can cause a new cancer to develop.

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Army Deployment Training

Military service members conduct intensive training before deployment.

Army deployment training is a three- to four-week program that takes place at the National Training Center (NTC) at Fort Irwin, California. Training consists of live-fire weapon ranges, tactical operations planning, and simulated combat situations. Soldiers whose units are scheduled for deployment generally attend NTC one to two months prior to deployment.

Function

The NTC trains soldiers for real-world combat situations.

NTC's primary purpose is to train soldiers for the realities of combat through simulated training exercises. Using live-fire weapon ranges, civilians train to act as oppositional forces (OP-FORs), and on geographically similar terrain soldiers are given an accurate expectation of deployment circumstances.

Training

Live-fire exercises help prepare soldiers for combat.

Army deployment training includes a week-long field exercise that requires soldiers to sleep in trucks, eat field rations and engage OP-FORs in simulated combat. A variety of situations are presented to soldiers, including nighttime attacks, improvised explosive device (IED) encounters and security operations.

Considerations

NTC's terrain closely resembles that of Iraq and Afghanistan.

Fort Irwin is located in the Mojave Desert, where daytime temperatures can reach 130 degrees during summer months. In the winter, temperatures can dip as low as 7 degrees, and soldiers must be aware that desert conditions require increased water consumption regardless of the season.

Tags: Army deployment, Army deployment training, combat situations, deployment training, Fort Irwin, live-fire weapon, live-fire weapon ranges

Accredited Pharmacy Technician Training Programs

Pharmacy technicians help customers and assist in preparing medications.

Pharmacy technicians train to assist a licensed pharmacist in measuring and preparing medications, as well as helping the customers. Academic programs prepare pharmacy technicians for entry into the field; some programs focus on the certification examination that is administered by the Pharmacy Technician Certification Board (PTCB), while others focus on basic skills. Certification is not required in all states, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Roane State Community College

Roane State Community College, in Harriman, Tenn., offers a two-semester pharmacy technician program. Upon completion of this program, students receive a certificate and can take the national examination for certification as a pharmacy technician; this examination is administered by the Pharmacy Technician Certification Board (PTCB). The program is accredited by the American Society of Health System Pharmacists and its curriculum includes courses such as Pharmacy Calculations, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Anatomy for Pharmacy Technicians, Basics of Pharmacy, and Pharmacy Law and Ethics.

California State University East Bay

California State University at East Bay, in Hayward, Calif., holds its accreditation from the Western Association of Schools and Colleges and offers an online pharmacy technician certificate program. This program prepares students to take the national certification exam. During the clinical rotations, students will spend time in a hospital pharmacy in the IV room, inventory room and retail.

Anne Arundel Community College

Anne Arundel Community College, in Arnold, Md., offers a pharmacy technician program that holds its accreditation from the American Society of Health System Pharmacists. The program combines classroom instruction with practical training, preparing students for entry into the pharmacy field. The curriculum is designed to be completed in two terms and consists of courses such as Structure and Function of the Human Body, Anatomy and Physiology, Pharmacy Operations and Prescription Processing, and Pharmacology for Health Professions. Students complete a pharmacy practicum in the second five weeks of the second term.

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Ob Ultrasound Protocol

An obstetric ultrasound is used to check on the fetus.

Common during pregnancy, obstetric ultrasounds are no cause for alarm. The number of ultrasounds a woman has during her pregnancy will depend on the doctor's assessment of the fetus' health and development.

Objective

The goal of an ultrasound is to confirm a pregnancy, assess fetal growth and well-being, check the amount of amniotic fluid, evaluate the position of the placenta and fetus and review the opening or shortening of the cervix.

Preparing for Ultrasound

Wear a loose, two-piece outfit to your ultrasound appointment and have a full bladder. Having a full bladder helps make the ultrasound image clearer by pushing the air-filled bowel out of the way. A radiologist may also elect to perform a transvaginal ultrasound for early pregnancies, requiring an empty bladder. Transvaginal transducers are smaller wand-like devices that are inserted into the vagina.

Equipment

A radiologist will use an ultrasound scanner with a video monitor and transducer to perform an ultrasound. The transducer is a hand-held device resembling a microphone used to send high frequency sound waves through the skin into the womb and receive corresponding waves to form an image on the monitor.

Procedure

You will lie on an examination table for an ultrasound. A clear, water-based gel is applied to your stomach to improve contact between your body and the transducer. The transducer is then pressed against your skin and moved around to form a picture of your womb and fetus.

Follow-Up

If any abnormalities are found, your doctor may elect to perform more frequent ultrasounds to check on the status of the fetus and your womb. Scans during the second and third trimesters can detect fetal developmental problems.

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The Average Salaries Of Radiology Aides

Radiology aides are trained in radiation safety and handling radiographs, among other things.

The Meridian Technology Center describes a radiology aide as someone who assists radiologic technologists in obtaining diagnostic images. The radiology aide is trained in patient care, radiation safety, radiograph handling and helping radiologic technologists. They learn core medical terminology, anatomy and physiology, and handle imaging equipment including process images. Radiology aides are also known as radiology technicians. A certified radiology aide can expect to earn about $19,350 per year according to figures quoted from the Oklahoma Employment Security Commission by Meridian.

Radiology Technician Jobs

PayScale.com reported in April 2011 that radiology technicians had a national hourly rate that ranged from $11.85 to $25.87 per hour. This translates to a yearly salary ranging from $24,557 to $60,244, including bonuses and overtime. These results come from a survey of 260 respondents. Those with their certification with the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) made between $15.97 and $22.15 per hour.

Years of Experience

According to the PayScale website, radiology technicians in April 2011 earned between $14.35 and $17.31 per hour in their first year in the position. When they have one to four years experience radiology technicians typically make up to $20.26 per hour. With five to nine years of experience, the hourly wage grows to up to $21.84 per hour. Those radiology technicians that have more than 20 years of experience make between $19.00 and $26.78 per hour, according to the PayScale figures.

Popular Industries

Radiology technicians are employed in a number of industries according to PayScale in its April 2011 report. Those that are employed by hospitals earn between $16.34 and $24.94 per hour and are the highest paid according to this survey. Radiology technicians involved in the health care industry make between $15.93 and $24.73 an hour, while those who are in the radiology industry have an hourly wage range between $15.41 to $23.45 per hour. Radiology technicians who work in a medical office earn from $15.16 to $23.35 an hour.

Career Path

There are three possible career paths that a radiology technician may choose, according to PayScale. One of these is to become a radiology technologist, where the annual salary range for April 2011 was between $37,424 and $52,358. Another option is to become a certified radiology x-ray technician and make from $34,413 to $51,216 annually. A third option available to the radiology technician is to become a licensed radiologic technologist and earn an annual salary between $37,241 and $51,249.

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What Is The Average Salary In Kentucky For Medical Coding

Medical coding technicians review patient charts and other documentation to assign industry-established alphanumeric codes to diagnoses and procedures. They sometimes need to obtain further information from doctors and other health care providers. Their work is used to streamline medical billing for insurance carriers. The average salary in Kentucky for medical coding varies by location.

Geography

Medical coding specialists earn different median salaries in various parts of Kentucky, according to Salary.com. Medical coders in Hazard, for instance, have a median annual salary of $37,460 as of March 2011, while those in Louisville are earning $42,354 per year. The median annual salary for medical coding in Williamsburg is $38,036, in Owensboro $38,591, in Bowling Green $39,199, in Hopkinsville $39,920, and in Lexington $40,542.

Salary Range

The middle 50 percent of medical coding specialists in Kentucky have salaries of $32,398 to $48,440 per year. The bottom 10 percent are making $27,789 and less, and the top 10 percent earn more than $53,980 per year. Nationwide, the middle 50 percent of medical coders make $38,421 to $50,808 per year. Median salaries for medical coding in Hazard and Williamsburg are in the bottom 25 percent nationwide.

Benefits

The job search website Indeed.com shows a limited number of job openings for medical coding work in Kentucky in 2011. Some positions combine coding with other medical billing work, such as tracking outstanding balances, making payment arrangements with patients, and updating payment records. The job postings generally do not provide salary information, but some employers do list benefits. Examples of benefits provided by some organizations include medical, dental, vision and life insurance, along with a company-matched savings plan, and educational assistance, plus paid vacation, personal days and holidays.

Education

The job postings indicate that Kentucky employers commonly require medical coding technicians to be certified by a professional organization, which involves acquiring a certain level of formal education. Some schools in Kentucky providing training in medical coding include Spencerian College, which offers a diploma program, and ATA College, which provides an associate degree. The websites of these schools note that medical coding specialists find work in doctors' offices, hospitals, insurance companies, medical billing agencies, outpatient clinics, and urgent care centers.

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Differentiate Between The Two Classifications Of Neoplasms

Mammograms can help screen for benign or malignant neoplasms of the breast.

Neoplasms are abnormal tissue growths or masses in the human body. The word "neoplasm" is synonymous with "tumor" and the two are often used interchangeably. Neoplasms can be divided into two classes: benign neoplasms, which are seldom life-threatening, and malignant neoplasms or cancerous tumors, which may be life-threatening and exhibit a variety of characteristic features.

Benign Tumors

Unlike a malignant tumor, a benign tumor does not spread to other parts of the body. It may grow or expand slowly and push aside the tissue around it, but it does not invade surrounding tissue, and it's often encapsulated. The cells inside it still closely resemble the cells in their tissue of origin. They can usually be removed if desired and in most cases do not come back following surgery.

Malignant Tumors

Malignant tumors, by contrast, can represent a serious threat to the patient's long-term health. Unlike benign tumors, they grow in all directions and infiltrate neighboring tissues, they are seldom encapsulated and they have lost most if not nearly all resemblance to the cells in the tissue of origin. When removed by surgery, they can recur if the tumor has invaded the surrounding tissue, so that some of the tumor cells escaped the surgeon's knife. Finally, tumors can often spread via the bloodstream to other sites in the body, a process called metastasis.

Cell Cycle

The rate at which cells in your body divide is closely controlled both by processes inside the cell and signals secreted by other cells. Cancer cells in malignant tumors defy or ignore these signals and continue to divide even when external signals are absent. Crucially, they are less likely than normal cells to commit suicide in response to DNA damage. Cells in benign tumors also divide more often than they should, but they lack a cancer cell's ability to invade and/or metastasize.

Angiogenesis & Immortality

Normal cells can only divide a set number of times. If you grow human cells in tissue culture, they will cease to divide after a set number of rounds of replication. Cancer cells, by contrast, are immortalized and will continue to divide indefinitely. They are also able to recruit new blood vessels to increase the blood supply to the malignant tumor. Benign tumors do not typicaly display these dangerous, aggressive features.

Tags: benign tumors, Cancer cells, cells tissue, continue divide, malignant neoplasms, malignant tumor

Hotels With Screening Rooms

Hotels around the world are equipped with screening rooms for hosting the needs of the film industry.

Screening rooms help filmmakers, actors and scriptwriters showcase their work to investors, agents, friends and coworkers as they are working on a particular project. Typically a smaller space than movie theaters, screening rooms are often the venues for private events. While filming, some production crews and filmmakers slip away from set to review material on the big screen, and select hotels around the world offer their guests this luxury.

The Soho Hotel

With two screening rooms, The Soho Hotel in London's entertainment neighborhood is surrounded by cafes, bars and restaurants, including Soho Square, the British Museum and the National Gallery. The hotel's larger screening room is fitted with Xpand Active 3D technology, and both rooms contain leather seating provided by Poltona Frau. Stay in one of the 91 Wi-Fi-equipped rooms or one of the four two-bedroom apartments. Enjoy afternoon tea in the Drawing Room and Library and choose from a wide selections of teas, including champagne tea, strawberry fruit tea and jasmine loose-leaf tea. With 24-hour room service, a fully equipped gym and two beauty salons, the Soho Hotel is well-suited for both business and luxury needs.

The Hazelton Hotel

Inspired by 1940s Hollywood glamor, the Hazelton Hotel in Toronto features a 25 person screening room. The theater, designed by Christopher Hansen of Beverly Hills' Simply Home Entertainment, features a high-definition DVD, surround sound and 35mm projection. Average guest rooms contain more than 620 square feet and feature TVs built into mirrors, heated bathroom floors and French doors that open onto private balconies. The Hazelton Hotel boasts a prime location near some of the world's finest shops, including Chanel, Prada and Gucci.

Tribeca Grand Hotel

Set in the heart of New York, the Grand Screen in the Tribeca Grand Hotel is the only New York City screening room with in-theater menus and bar. Organized into movie themes, the menu lists dishes such as "My Big Fat Greek Wedding," which includes humus and melanzanosalata, and "Sopranos," with margarita pizza, cozze oreganta and melazane parmigiano. The approximately 100 movie-goers will enjoy corded chenille seats and a 5.1 channel surround sound system. In the more than 200 rooms, guests will enjoy flat-screen televisions and bath amenities from Malin+Goetz. Enjoy the company of one of the hotel's pet goldfish during your stay. Other hotel programs include the DVD Loaner Program that allows guests to check out DVDs and the I-Pod program that offers guests a pre-loaded I-pod with playlists hand-selected by the Tribeca Grand Hotel's Creative Director.

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Hospital Nurse To Patient Staffing Requirements

Only California has hospital nurse-to-patient staffing requirements.

In 2010, California is the only state to have laws regulating a minimum nurse-to-patient staffing requirement. The state has set ratios that hospitals and inpatient facilities must abide by. There are, however, 14 states including the District of Columbia that are enacting nurse staffing legislations to require hospitals to have nurse-to-patient staffing requirements.

1:6

High ratios of one nurse to six patients only occur in psychiatric hospitals and units. California's nurse-to-patient staffing requirement for psychiatric hospitals also prohibits hospitals from assigning an unlicensed person to do the work of a nurse.

1:5

Medical-Surgical units such as medical, surgical, telemetry and oncology all have a nurse-to-patient ratio of one to five. This nurse-to-patient ratios helps patients to have better outcomes while at the hospital. According to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, hospitals with low nurse staffing levels tend to have higher rates of poor patient outcomes, such as pneumonia, shock, cardiac arrest and urinary tract infections.

1:4

A one-to-four ratio is required in California for labor and delivery (also known as antepartum and postpartum) units as well as pediatrics, emergency rooms and other specialty care units, according to the Health Leaders Media website. In addition, the website states that a one-to-three patient ratio is required for step down units.

1:2

Intensive care units require the lowest ratio of nurses to patients. The intensive care units in California are required to have one nurse for every two patients. Title 22 also requires that half of the nurses working in the intensive care units be registered nurses.

Tags: care units, nurse-to-patient staffing, have nurse-to-patient, nurse staffing, nurse-to-patient staffing requirement, nurse-to-patient staffing requirements, psychiatric hospitals

What Are The Signs & Symptoms Of Kidney Infections In Men

Kidney infection in men can be a life-threating condition.

Kidney infection, also known as pyelonephritis, is a condition caused by bacteria that get into the urethra and travels up the urinary system into the kidneys. Infection of the lower urinary system is called urinary tract infection. Men are less susceptible to urinary tract infection than women because they have longer urethras. When infection progresses into the upper urinary components, it is then called kidney infection. The disease can cause general debility and can progress to kidney failure and death if not properly treated.

Symptoms of Kidney Infection in Men

Kidney infection in men occurs when bacteria that usually live in the intestines contaminate the urinary tract and travel up into the kidneys. Symptoms generally begin with painful urination and fever, then fever, chills, pain along the flanks, pain in the lower back, nausea, vomiting and general malaise. The patient may feel quite ill. Longstanding kidney infections can occur, with pain and fever that comes and goes. In older men, however, there may be none of the usual symptoms of urinary tract infection. Instead, symptoms of delirium, confusion, and blood sepsis may occur.

Signs of Kidney Infection in Men

It is important that men seek medical treatment immediately if any of the symptoms of kidney infection are present. Your physician will look for signs of fever and for tenderness along your sides or lower back and will order a urinalysis to see if there are white blood cells or bacteria in your urine. The physician will determine if you appear to be suffering from general physical debility or mental confusion that might indicate kidney infection.

How Kidney Infection is Diagnosed

To diagnose a kidney infection, the physician takes your medical history and does a physical examination. She will take your vital signs-- pulse, respiration and heart rate--and will look for signs of dehydration and tenderness in your lower or middle back. She will also order a urinalysis to look for bacteria in the urine. Common types of bacteria involved in kidney infection include Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Enterococcus and Staphlococcus saprophyticus.

How Kidney Infection is Treated

If the diagnosis indicates kidney infection, the physician will order an empiric antibiotic that will cover all likely kinds of bacteria involved in the infection. Further blood and urine cultures will be done in the medical laboratory. When the specific bacterium is isolated, your doctor will administer or prescribe the antibiotic that will best eliminate it. Determining the correct bacterium and treating it with the most suitable antibiotic is important in treating kidney infections. Home care is advisable for uncomplicated cases of kidney infection, but if nausea and vomiting are severe or indication of diminished kidney function, hospitalization may be necessary.

Tags: urinary tract, physician will, tract infection, urinary tract infection, antibiotic that

Crime Scene Investigator Scholarships

Scholarships available to students who aspire to become crime scene investigators, or CSIs, reflect the complex and multifaceted nature of this field. Forensic science, marine diving, DNA analysis and criminal justice are some of the CSI areas of specialized study for which there are specific scholarships. CSI scholarships support careers in law enforcement and forensic lab work, among other careers.

Forensic Science

In Philadelphia, the Rieders-Breyer Scholarship is available to undergraduate or graduate students in Arcadia University's Forensic Science Program. Financial need and scholastic accomplishment, intellectual potential, character and leadership qualities are among the requirements for this scholarship. No application is necessary. In 2009, a student in Arcadia's Master of Science in Forensic Science program, Lauren Kajiura, was the first Arcadia student to win the American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors Scholarship. The nonprofit professional society comprises crime laboratory directors and forensic science managers who aim to sustain excellence in the field of forensic science. Scholarship values are undisclosed.

Marine Diving

Marine diving is a specialized area of crime scene investigation. Santa Barbara City College in California offers the Marine Diving Technologies program leading to an associate in science degree or certificate in marine technology. The college offers several scholarships available to qualifying marine diving students. The Ramsey Parks Memorial Scholarship honors the founder of the MDT program. The Association of Diving Contractors sponsors the Tom Devine Memorial Scholarship. The Nejat Ezal Memorial Scholarship is for Ph.D. students in a marine science discipline, with a minimum 3.3 GPA at graduate level. Applicants must submit an essay. Scholarship values are undisclosed.

DNA Analysis

A goal of the BIO5 Institute at the University of Arizona is identifying the next generation of top scientists. Among the science education outreach projects sponsored by BIO5 was a weeklong camp. "DNA Detectives at the Crime Scene" gave 11th and 12th grade high school students the opportunity to investigate mock crime scenes recreated from real cases of murders and other DNA-based investigations. Students worked in a university laboratory and in the Tucson Police Department Crime Laboratory. A mock court gave the students experience testifying as a forensic analyst. BIO5 scholarships funded student participation at the camp, introducing them to possible careers in law enforcement or laboratory science.

Criminal Justice

Sam Houston State University in Huntsville, Texas offers students enrolled as majors in the College of Criminal Justice a wide array of scholarship options. The Alpha Phi Sigma Scholarship is for full-time undergraduates in good standing with a minimum 3.2 GPA. The Bob Worley and Lonnie Gisi Criminal Justice Scholarship is for full-time undergraduates who maintain a minimum 3.5 GPA. Students working part-time or full-time as correctional officers receive preference. The National Society for the Daughters of the American Revolution Scholarship is for a sophomore, junior or senior of exemplary academic standing, maintaining a minimum 3.0 GPA. Requirements include high moral standards, maturity, leadership and appreciation of the country. The Brandon Ashley Memorial Scholarship is for a senior who hopes to pursue a career in law enforcement and who maintains a 3.0 GPA.

Tags: Memorial Scholarship, Criminal Justice, Forensic Science, careers enforcement, crime scene, forensic science

Radiology Diagnosis Coding

Radiology requires accurate coding for providers to be reimbursed properly.

Medical billing comprises two coding systems that must be used together accurately to receive proper compensation. For insurance purposes, benefits are determined based on the combination of the two. An unauthorized procedure or non-qualifying diagnostic code can result in a denied claim.

ICD-9 Codes

The World Health Organization (WHO) developed the ICD diagnostic system in association with the American Medical Association (AMA). These codes consist of three digits, with additional qualifying digits added, if necessary, after a decimal point. For example the ICD-9 for rheumatoid arthritis is 714.0, whereas joint pain in the shoulder is 719.41.

CPT codes

The current procedural terminology (CPT) coding system was introduced in manual form in 1966. It indicates the procedure being done and is used in conjunction with the diagnostic codes for proper billing. It is a five-digit code and for radiology these procedures range from 70010 through 79999.

V Codes

Diagnostic codes known as V codes are used to indicate a personal history or family history of illness. These can be used to indicate a past illness no longer present or the higher risk to develop certain illnesses genetically. For example, V16.3 indicates a family history of malignant neoplasm of the breast. In addition, V codes are used for after-care or followup.

E Codes

E codes indicate external causes of injury. This code begins with the letter E and is followed by three digits. Unlike other ICD-9 codes and V codes, there are no decimals used in an E code. For example a motor vehicle accident would be coded from E810 to E825.

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Does Pain In The Breast Mean Cancer

Breast pain, also known as Mastalgia, is not at all uncommon in women. Most will have it at some point in their lives. In women under 30, the pain is usually associated with their monthly cycle. Older women are likely to have more consistent breast pain. The majority of the time, this pain is benign (non-cancerous).

Malignancy

Lumps in the breast that are cancerous are usually not painful. Benign lumps--like fibroadenomas and those from fibrocystic breast disease--are more often the ones that cause pain. Fluid-filled cysts are also not malignant and may cause pain. While inflammatory breast cancer can cause pain, it is rare and is also accompanied by redness and inflammation, as well as a breast that is warm to the touch.

Common Causes

In addition to the benign lumps that may cause pain in the breast, there are many other causes. Hormone changes from puberty, pregnancy and menopause may cause breast pain. Even the hormonal fluctuation of a menstrual cycle can bring on breast pain. Discomfort can even be brought on by an ill-fitting bra or not wearing a sports bra during exercise. An injury to the breast can also be painful.

In the Chest

It is possible that breast pain is not actually in the breast. Sore muscles from exercise can cause breast pain. Costochondritis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the cartilage between the ribs and the breastbone. It can cause pain (with burning) that feels like it is coming from the breast. Another possibility is shingles, a painful condition caused by the chickenpox virus, which presents a rash under the breast while the pain is felt in the breast.

Warnings

If breast pain is accompanied by fever, swelling or nipple discharge, see a health professional, as it could indicate an infection or other problem that requires treatment. Pain with shortness of breath may indicate a lung ailment like pneumonia or bronchitis. If you have pain that radiates to the shoulder, seek immediate attention as it could be an indication of a heart attack.

Considerations

No breast pain should be ignored. While the odds are that it is not cancer, you should tell your doctor about the pain and its frequency. To help with a diagnosis, do regular breast self-exams. Keep notes if the pain worsens at certain times of your monthly cycle or breast lumps change in size. Also, keep up a regular schedule of mammograms as advised by your doctor.

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Get Medical Treatment Without Health Insurance

Even if you are uninsured, you may have a way into a doctor's office or clinic.

As Families USA notes, uninsured Americans are more likely than the insured to do without or delay treatment, including preventive care, and die untimely deaths. If you lack health insurance, you may already be aware of these facts, but not know where to find free or affordable health care. Pursue multiple alternatives at once to boost your odds of success.

Negotiating With Your Doctor

If you already have a physician, or can get in to see one, negotiate discount or sliding-scale fees. ABC News states that only 12 percent of patients pursue this alternative, but 61 percent of those who try it succeed.

Publicly Funded Health Plans

You may qualify for a publicly-funded health insurance plan like Medicaid, Medicare, the Children's Health Insurance Program or the Pre-Existing Condition Insurance Plan. HealthCare.gov can help you explore these options and keep you informed about the effects of the Affordable Care Act, the health reform bill, on your coverage.

Community Health Centers

Community health centers are vital sources of preventive and primary health care, and sometimes prescription drugs, dentistry, and mental health services, for uninsured and low-income Americans. The National Association of Community Health Centers can direct you to one in your area.

Free and Charitable Clinics

According to the National Association for Free and Charitable Clinics, nonprofit health agencies serve uninsured people who do not qualify to receive medical, dental, mental health, vision and pharmaceutical care through any other source. NAFC publishes an online directory of its member facilities.

Condition-Specific Help

An organization that advocates for people with your specific condition or disease-for example, the American Pregnancy Association or Mental Health America-might assist you with finding free or affordable care. For family planning services, as well as other preventive reproductive health care like pelvic and breast exams and HIV education and testing, try a clinic affiliated with the national Title X program.

Convenient Care and Urgent Care Clinics

Convenient care and urgent care clinics treat walk-in patients, often with shorter wait times and at less cost than a standard doctor's office or emergency room. Located in large retail stores, convenient care clinics offer preventive medicine, such as flu vaccinations, and treatment of minor illnesses. Urgent care centers treat medical concerns that are pressing, but not life-threatening.

Emergency Room

Familiarize yourself with the American College of Emergency Physicians' list of symptoms that indicate a need to visit an emergency room, so you can use it wisely. According to Families USA, even if you are uninsured, you have certain legal rights to emergency room care under the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act.

Discount Health Care Cards

For a monthly or annual fee, or sometimes none at all, a discount health care card - not to be confused with insurance - offers reduced-cost access to a network of participating physicians. Some cards apply to prescription drugs, dental care or vision care. The Consumer Health Alliance and National Association of Insurance Commissioners can help you distinguish legitimate cards from scams.

Tags: National Association, care clinics, Charitable Clinics, Community Health, Community Health Centers

Information About Bone Marrow Biopsy

The interior of the bone consists of marrow. Marrow contains a solid-like part, and a liquid part. Marrow is essential for many responsibilities, such as constructing red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets for your blood. Marrow also houses iron, since the creation of red blood cells is dependent on the iron. Because of what bone marrow is capable of doing, marrow can provide information for doctors on what is occurring within marrow.

Test

Having a bone marrow biopsy can help your physician determine the cause of your illness. The test requires a small sample of marrow to be extracted from your bone. In some instances, a bone marrow aspiration may also be conducted with a bone marrow biopsy. A bone marrow biopsy removes the solid portion of your marrow and aspiration will remove the liquid material from your marrow.

How It's Done

According to the Mayo Clinic, when you undergo a bone marrow biopsy, a sample will usually be extracted from your hip bone. A local anesthetic will be applied to the injection site prior to the procedure. It is common for a small incision to be made in your skin to allow for an easier passageway for the needle. Trying to position the needle is complicated, and requires a twisting motion. You may feel pulling and tugging. Once the needle hits your bone, your physician will extract a core sample of your marrow with a syringe. You may feel a dull, aching pain as the marrow is being pulled into the syringe. Your physician will then look at the sample to determine if enough marrow has been taken. If not, you will undergo a second sample.

Aspiration

If your physician determines that an aspiration sample is necessary, they will perform an aspiration prior to your biopsy. A needle is inserted into your bone to extract a liquid sample of your marrow. You can expect to feel a painful pulling or stinging sensation. According to the Mayo Clinic, a first attempt may provide no sample. As with a biopsy, another try may be attempted to get a sample.

After the Procedure

Experiencing pain after the procedure is common. You will feel sore for at least a week. Your physician may provide you with pain relievers if the pain becomes intense. During your healing time, it is important to ensure that your biopsy site is healing properly. Don't bathe for up to 24 hours, and keep the site dry. While bleeding is normal, bleeding that soaks through your bandages and doesn't stop with applied pressure is not. If you develop a fever, have pain that worsens and can't be alleviated, develop swelling, or have large amounts of drainage (pus-like fluid) at the biopsy site, immediately seek medical attention.

Risks

Receiving a bone marrow biopsy usually provides no risks. However, as with any medical procedure, there is always a possible risk of complication. Heavy bleeding can develop in people who take aspirin or anticoagulant medications. There is a low risk of the needle breaking upon entering your bone. As a result, infections are capable of developing. It is also possible to develop an allergic reaction to anesthetics.

Tags: marrow biopsy, your bone, bone marrow, your marrow, blood cells, bone marrow, bone marrow biopsy

Spot A Fake Louis Vuitton

Spot a Fake Louis Vuitton

Louis Vuitton handbags and luggage have been around since 1854, and there haven't been many changes to the detailed style of the bags. If you want to buy an authentic Louis Vuitton bag, be careful, because there are a lot of fake Louis Vuitton purses on the market. Don't be fooled. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Pay careful attention to the stitching. Louis Vuitton bags are very specific when it comes to stitching. The leather tab that connects the handles of the purse always has the same number of stitches across the top. If your purse does not have the standard five even stitches, it is probably a fake.

2. Notice any inconsistencies with the monogrammed logos. Louis Vuitton is very detailed when it comes to its monogrammed logos. If yours varies in any way from the standard, it is probably a fake.

3. Analyze the date code. All authentic Louis Vuitton bags made since the early 1980s should have a date code, which is two letters followed by four numbers. If your bag has a variation of this formula or none at all, it is probably a fake.

4. Notice if the tag is attached to the bag. Louis Vuitton bags come with tags, but they are never attached to the bag. An attached tag is a clear indication that the purse is a fake.

Tags: Louis Vuitton, Louis Vuitton bags, probably fake, Vuitton bags, authentic Louis

Obtain A Birth Certificate In Indiana If I Live In California

You can easily obtain a copy of your birth certificate from out of state.

So many things you do require a copy of your birth certificate. Everyone is issued a birth certificate at birth, but like your car keys and your cell phone, it's possible that you've lost your copy of your birth certificate. Fortunately, requesting a new copy is simple, even if you live in a different state than the one where your birth certificate is filed. If you're a California resident who was born in Indiana, you simply have to contact the Indiana State Department of Health to order a new copy, which is done from California online or by mail.

Instructions

By Mail

1. Print an application for search and certified copy of birth record (see Resources). Fill out the form in its entirety, including all of the required information. You'll need to provide your name, date of birth, county and city of birth, name of the hospital where you were born, the full name of your parents, the purpose for which you need the certificate and the number of copies you need.

2. Check the box next to the shipping method you want to use and include your mailing address, phone number and the current date.

3. Include a check or money order payable to the Indiana State Department of Health for the correct birth certificate fee. The search and one copy of your birth certificate is $10, each additional copy is $4, as of 2010.

4. Mail your application, a copy of your photo identification and your check or money order to:

Vital Records

Indiana State Department of Health

P.O. Box 7125

Indianapolis, IN 46206-7125

Requests are processed three to four weeks after they are received.

Online

5. Request a copy of your birth record online through the VitalChek website. The Indiana State Department of Health directs you to this site if you want to order your birth certificate online and pay with a credit card.

6. Provide the information on your birth certificate as it is requested. Choose a shipping method and the number of copies you need.

7. Enter your credit card information. VitalChek charges its own fee in addition to the fees charged by the Indiana State Department of Health.

8. Review your information and submit your request. Your copies will arrive in the mail in the amount of time specified by your chosen method of shipment.

Tags: your birth, your birth certificate, copy your, birth certificate, copy your birth

Intervention Specialist Certifications

Drug addiction rips families and sufferers apart.

Interventions are commonly used by friends and family of people suffering from addiction to alcohol or drugs. The intervention helps the sufferer realize they need medical attention. Other forms of intervention include disease intervention, early childhood intervention and domestic violence intervention. Certified intervention specialists are trained to address the specific issues in one form of intervention. Certification courses provide intervention specialists with the knowledge and specific skills necessary to affect change.

Addiction Intervention Specialist

Certification is available for specialties in drug and alcohol intervention. Drug and alcohol addiction can cause sufferers to ruin their finances, friends and family relationships. For many, an addiction can spiral out of control if the sufferer does not seek immediate medical attention on their own. Drug and alcohol intervention specialists help families encourage their loved ones to seek medical attention to treat the addiction. The specialist will be trained in multiple intervention methods, such as the 'Johnson method' that asks people suffering from addiction to consider how their addiction has led to specific destructive behaviors.

Early Childhood Intervention Specialist

Certifications are also offered for special education teachers wishing to specialize in early childhood intervention. Early childhood intervention is for children who have need for intensive, specialized instruction. This certification includes courses in assessing the child's needs, using technology to adapt or augment the child's ability to communicate and establish relationships with parents of children with special needs.

Disease Intervention Specialist

Disease intervention specialists work with individuals who have contracted sexually transmitted diseases. The specialist must help the patient come to terms with changes in sexual behavior to prevent spread of the disease. Some states require disease intervention specialists to obtain certification in phlebotomy or venipuncture if they will be withdrawing blood for testing.

Gender Violence Intervention Specialist

A gender violence intervention specialists works with victims of sexual assault and domestic violence. Programs in this certification field offer training in communication with victims of different cultures, lessons on the history and prevention of sexual and domestic violence. Gender violence specialists must encourage victims to leave dangerous situations and to seek psychological care for emotional recovery.

Tags: intervention specialists, Intervention Specialist, childhood intervention, domestic violence, medical attention, alcohol intervention

What Is The Proper Placement Of A Lapel Pin

What Is the Proper Placement of a Lapel Pin?

A lapel pin, sometimes called a "badge" or a "button," is a small pin with a separate backing that is most often worn on the lapel of a suit. Some lapel pins are purely decorative, but others are used to show achievement, such as employee recognition, or membership in an organization such as fraternities, sororities and professional associations. The proper placement of a lapel pin can vary based on your clothing, gender and what the pin itself represents. Does this Spark an idea?

Placement on a Jacket

People wearing suits and/or jackets should place the pin on their lapel. Traditionally, lapel pins are worn on the left, near the heart. This is especially important if the lapel pin symbolizes something important to the wearer, such as a flag. However, it is not a serious faux pas to wear a lapel pin on the right lapel.

Certain organizations, especially military organizations, have strict codes instructing the wearer to wear the lapel pin on the right or left lapel.

Placement on a Tie

Men who are not wearing a jacket but are wearing a tie can wear their pin toward the middle of the tie. However, if a man is wearing a jacket and tie, it is most appropriate to wear the pin on the left lapel.

Placement on a Shirt

Men wearing shirts without a tie or a jacket and women wearing shirts without a jacket traditionally wear lapel pins on the left side of the shirt, near the heart.

Wearing Multiple Pins

It's perfectly acceptable to wear more than one lapel pin if one of the pins is decorative and another is either promotional-- a pin that advertises a product or company--patriotic, or symbolizes a cause, such as a yellow ribbon for troop support or a red ribbon for AIDS charities.

It's also acceptable to wear multiple pins if the pins are part of a set that may show advancement in an organization. Military organizations often promote the wearing of multiple pins, but strict regulations specify where the pins should be placed in reference to each other.

Attaching the Pin

Most pins feature a metal face, with a fairly short point and a detachable backing. You need to take off the backing, push the pin into your lapel (or tie or shirt) until the point comes through the other side, and reattach the backing.

The pin should sit upright on your lapel, tie or blouse. Make sure it is not upside down or at a strange angle. Make sure the pin is tightly clasped on the back so it doesn't rotate when you move. This seems trivial, but certain symbolic pins that are upside down may actually be offensive, as an upside down symbol often represents a negative sentiment.

Tags: lapel pins, upside down, wear lapel, acceptable wear, lapel Placement

Cons Of Genetic Testing On Animals

Genetic testing on animals is done to find cures for various diseases.

The genetic testing of animals can spark great debate between those who are for and against the practice. While supporters of genetic testing argue that using animals as subjects for genetic testing is necessary for the advancement of medical research, those opposed argue that the practice is unnecessary and unproductive.

Pain and Suffering

One of the biggest arguments against genetic animal testing is the potential for pain and suffering inflicted upon the animals. While advocates of testing state that all testing performed on the animals uses the safest and most humane and pain free methods possible, animal rights advocates argue that there is no way to guarantee that animals are not in pain during the testing procedures and that the animal will not suffer long term side effects as a result of botched or long term testing.

Risk of Death

Another argument against genetic animal testing is the risk of death to the animal during or as a result of the testing process. Because some genetic animal testing requires that the animal be sedated, complications sometimes arise, resulting in the death of the animal from testing gone wrong. In addition to the risk of accidental death, according to an article published by About Animal Testing, some animals are euthanized immediately following testing procedures because the tests may cause extreme discomfort to the animal once the testing is over.

Effectiveness of Testing

One of the most controversial issues regarding genetic testing on animals is its benefit to humans. Advocates say the practice is necessary to test the effectiveness of medications that treat conditions such as cancer, diabetes and AIDS. However, animal rights advocates claim that there is no clear and convincing evidence that the results obtained through testing on animals is the equivalent of results that may be obtained in humans. As a result, they contend that unless proof of the benefits can be shown, testing of animals must be stopped.

Tags: testing animals, genetic testing, animal testing, argue that, genetic animal, genetic animal testing

Prevent Chronic Diseases

There are two different types of disease that people can suffer from: acute and chronic. Acute diseases come on fast, with mild to severe symptoms that last a certain amount of time. In some cases they can be life threatening. Chronic diseases, on the other hand, take place over time. They too can be either mild or severe, but it takes a lot longer for them to develop and it takes longer for them to disappear. The symptoms also have a tendency to come and go repeatedly. When it comes to avoiding chronic diseases, there are several preventive measures that can be taken.

Instructions

1. Do not smoke. According to the American Heart Association, approximately 26.2 million men and 20.9 million women smoke in the United States. Smoking increases your risk of heart disease, emphysema and lung cancer. To prevent the onset of these diseases, do not smoke or quit if you currently do.

2. Get some exercise. Exercise brings with it a number of benefits: it helps reduce weight, improves mobility, elevates mood, strengthens bones and helps improve circulation. All of these factors will help reduce the chances of developing diabetes, heart disease, osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. Aim for 30 minutes of moderate exercise on five or more days a week.

3. Reduce your alcohol intake. Drinking excessive amounts of alcohol can cause a number of health problems. A chronic condition that can occur is cirrhosis of the liver. This is a chronic condition where scar tissue replaces healthy tissue causing the liver to not function optimally. To prevent this disease, keep your alcohol intake moderate.

4. Cut out unhealthy foods. What you eat plays a big role in developing chronic diseases. Foods that are processed, have large amounts of refined sugar or are high in saturated fats should be avoided. They can cause obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes.

5. Eat plenty of fiber. Fiber is a nondigestible substance that gets passed through the digestive system. Eating fiber helps relieve constipation and it reduces your chances for colon cancer, diverticulitis, diabetes and kidney stones. The Institute of Medicine recommends eating 14 grams of fiber for every 1000 calories you eat. Some examples of fiber-rich foods are fruits, vegetables, whole grains, beans and oat bran.

6. Do not sleep around. Having sex with multiple partners can increase your risk of contracting a sexually transmitted disease, many of which are chronic conditions. If you do have more than one sex partner, make sure to use condoms and practice safer sex.

Tags: alcohol intake, chronic condition, heart disease, longer them, mild severe

Training For Industrial Xray Technician

An industrial x-ray technician, also known as an industrial radiologic technician or nondestructive testing technician.

The industrial x-ray technician's role in manufacturing is crucial to product integrity and your safety. Using radioactive materials, the technician inspects and analyzes materials such as metal or paper or uses imaging technology to verify the integrity of equipment to make certain it meets proper specifications. If you want to join their ranks, you need to find the degree program that's right for you, earn your certification and license and then find the job that is perfect for your skills, abilities and interests.

Instructions

Nondestructive Testing Technician

1. There are NDT technician programs for divers, mechanical engineering specialists, aircraft maintenance among many others.

Seek out information on available programs. They will likely be listed as an NDT technician, industrial radiologic technician or industrial x-ray technician. A variety of institutions offer courses and programs in industrial radiology. There are programs for divers, mechanical engineering technicians, aircraft maintenance among many others. Before enrolling, make certain the program is fully accredited by a reputable accreditation association. The American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT) has links to programs in the U.S., Australia, India, Canada and other countries.

2. Complete a degree program, whether it's at a two-year degree from a community or technical college or a baccalaureate degree from a four-year college or university.

Complete a degree program, whether it's a two-year degree from a community or technical college or a baccalaureate degree from a four-year college or university. Having a degree is your best bet for employment and long-term job security. For example, Crowley County Community College in Arkansas City, Kansas, offers a two-year NDT degree that prepares students for work in a wide variety of fields, from aviation to railroads. At the Colorado School of Mines, a wide variety of NDT courses are offered in petroleum and civil engineering, welding and joining research and other areas, while Cornell University's School of Civil and Environmental Engineering offers NDT course work in concrete and masonry.

3. Apply for certification from the ASNT.

Apply for certification from the ASNT. The examinations are held in locations around the U.S. and at the society's annual meeting. Certification assures employers that a NDT technician is competent and current on NDT techniques and practices. Because a NDT technician uses radioactive materials, you may have to be licensed by the state and/or federal government. Be sure to check on such requirements when you are seeking employment.

4. Find a job that dovetails with your particular NDT skills.

Find a job that dovetails with your particular NDT skills. While most careers are in industrial settings, there are jobs with government agencies. Demand for NDT technicians is not expected to increase over the next decade. However, there are available jobs and in most cases, NDT technicians have good working conditions, autonomy and excellent salaries that average between $55,000 and $58,000 annually.

5. Consider specializing in a particular NDT field or specific area within a selected field.

Consider specializing in a particular NDT field or specific area within a selected field. You may want to consider the petroleum or nuclear industry or perhaps aircraft or automobile manufacturing. NDT technicians examine concrete in dams, steel and iron in bridges, and other key infrastructure concerns.

Tags: degree from, degree program, industrial x-ray, industrial x-ray technician, technician industrial, two-year degree, x-ray technician

Become A General Transcriptionist

Headset

Unlike medical and legal transcription, general transcription often does not require any extra schooling. Once you gather the necessary materials, you can opt to start your own general transcription business or look to an outside job. Many companies require transcription for educational lectures, business meetings and documenting important notes. Accuracy is one of the most important skills you will want to hone.

Instructions

1. Purchase a foot pedal. Foot pedals are not absolutely necessary, but they make transcribing much easier by allowing you to pause, play and maneuver through sound files while keeping your hands free for typing.

2. Purchase a noise-canceling headset. A good quality headset makes transcribing much easier. Bose is a popular, but pricier choice. Check your local electronics store for a starter headset if you are not ready to spend a lot of money.

3. Download transcription software. Express Scribe is a popular choice that is a free download. You can set your foot pedal up in Express Scribe and it will play many sound file types.

4. Practice transcribing. You can create your own voice files to practice off of. You could also practice off of other files such as audio books or podcasts. The more you practice, the better your "ear" will become. Practice with some ESL dictators, if possible, as a lot of companies like hearing you have experience with foreign dictators.

5. Search for jobs that include general transcription duties. Many office jobs require general transcription as a job duty. If you want to do nothing but transcribe, search job sites for general transcription specifically. General transcription can be done from home as well, so check freelance websites, such as Elance. Work-at-home forums are another great source for tips and feedback about companies.

Tags: general transcription, Express Scribe, foot pedal, much easier, transcribing much, transcribing much easier

What Are The Effects Of Soy Milk On Reproductive Health

Soy milk.

Soy milk is an increasingly popular, tasty alternative to cow's milk, available in a wide of flavors. But, as with most things, too much can cause problems. Drinking soy milk can negatively affect the reproductive system.

Womb Health

A Linus Pauling Institute study reported that in women, soy milk may contribute to endometrial cancer, a cancer that starts in the endometrium, or lining of the uterus.

Cancer Concern

According to the May/June 2004 issue of EMR Labs, LLC, soy milk can cause thyroid cancer and breast cancer. Some cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy, may cause infertility.

Lowered Levels

The Global Healing Center reports that soy milk isoflavones can also affect male sperm production, decreasing quantity by as much as 40 percent.

Plant Problems

Phytoestrogen, a plant compound found in high levels in soy milk, reduces testosterone in men, according to EMR Labs.

Effects

In addition to problems such as osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease, low testosterone levels can also cause decreased sex drive in men.

Tags:

Get Copies Of Birth Certificates From Muncie Indiana

Birth Certificates are recorded for all new babies in Muncie.

Muncie, Indiana is located in Delaware County. Birth records are kept in the Delaware County Health Department's Vital Records Division. If you wish to obtain a copy of a birth certificate record, it must be your birth certificate or you must be able to prove a familial relationship to the person listed on the birth certificate. Legal guardians, attorneys and law enforcement officers may obtain copies of any birth certificate provided they can show proof of identification in Delaware County.

Instructions

1. Visit the Delaware County Health Department's Vital Records Division to obtain a copy of a birth certificate. Bring photo identification with you.

2. Submit a filled out copy of the Application for a Birth Record. You can ask for a copy of this form when you visit Vital Records or you can download it from the Vital Record's website and fill it out prior to your visit.

3. Pay a fee to Vital Records to obtain a copy of a birth certificate. As of 2010 the fee is $10. Cash and money order are the only accepted methods of payment.

4. Mail your application, the fee and a photocopy of your photo ID to Vital Records at:

100 W. Main St.

Muncie, IN 47305

Copies of your birth certificate will be mailed to you once your application has been received.

Tags: birth certificate, Vital Records, Delaware County, copy birth, copy birth certificate, obtain copy, obtain copy birth

Radiology Programs In New Jersey

Radiology technicans operate diagnostic and x-ray equipment.

Radiology technicians operate diagnostic and x-ray equipment that helps doctors diagnose patient problems. There are several radiology programs offered at community and private colleges in New Jersey. According to Indeed.com, the average annual salary for radiology technicians, as of 2010, is $55,000.

Bergen Community College

Bergen Community College is a public institution located in Paramus, New Jersey, just east of New York City. BCC offers a fully accredited radiography program that leads to an associate degree in radiography. This is a 71-credit hour program that can usually be completed in two years. Some of the classes in this program include Radiographic Pathology, Image Production and Evaluation, Principles of Radiographic Equipment, and Dynamics of Health and Fitness. Graduates of this program are eligible to take the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) certification exam to become a certified radiology technician.

Bergen Community College

400 Paramus Rd.

Paramus, NJ 07652-1504

201-447-7100

bergen.edu

Mercer County Community College

Mercer County Community College is located in Princeton Junction, New Jersey, just outside of Trenton. MCCC is a public, two-year institution that offers a fully accredited radiography program. The 70-credit hour program qualifies graduates to take the ARRT certification exam. It typically takes two years to complete the program, which includes such classes as Radiographic Procedures, Introduction to Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, Principles of Imaging Science and Radiation Protection. Graduates of this program receive an associate degree in radiography.

Mercer County Community College

1200 Old Trenton Rd.

Princeton Junction, NJ 08550-3407

609-586-4800

mccc.edu‎

Passaic County Community College

Passaic County Community College is a public school located in Paterson, New Jersey. PCCC offers a fully accredited radiography program that takes two years to complete. The 63-credit hour program leads to an associate degree in radiography. Coursework includes Introduction to Radiologic Science, Radiologic Pharmacology, Pediatric and Geriatric Radiography, Principles of Radiologic Science, Radiation Biology and Radiographic Imaging Equipment. Upon completion of this program, students qualify to take the ARRT certification exam.

Passaic County Community College

1 College Blvd.

Paterson, NJ, 07505

973-684-6868

pccc.edu

Tags: Community College, County Community, County Community College, this program, accredited radiography

What Is The Salary Of An Oral Surgeon

Extracting wisdom teeth is one of the procedures oral surgeons perform.

Oral surgeons perform surgical operations on the jaw and mouth to prepare the mouth for dental implants, tooth extractions and to correct malformations of the jaw and mouth. The surgery may remove tumors and growths, which can cause the abnormal function of the jaw. The average salary of an oral surgeon is between $149,696 and $303,973 as of November 2010, according to Payscale.com.

Location

The salary of an oral surgeon is different in different areas of the country. According to Payscale.com, oral surgeons in Texas earn salaries between $178,039 and $332,082, as of November 2010, and those working in California earn salaries between $150,837 and $248,135. Cost of living and demand for oral surgeons are some factors that determine the salary in different states.

Employment Type

Self-employed oral surgeons earn the highest salaries with a range between $149,163 and $335,285, and those working for hospitals earn a lower salary range between $79,354 and $194,421, according to Payscale.com. Oral surgeons can work for government, private practice and company employers as well. Self-employed oral surgeons make the highest salaries, but also have the greatest expenses and risk. An oral surgeon running his own practice must pay for office staff, insurance and supplies for the office.

Experience

Oral surgeons with 20 years or more experience in the business earn the highest salaries--up to $380,000. Those surgeons with less than a year in practice earn up to $203,473, as of November 2010, according to Payscale.com.

Benefits

Some benefits offered to oral surgeons are 401k plans, paid time off, insurance and education reimbursement. Self-employed surgeons must pay for these benefits on their own, which surgeons should consider when choosing their type of employment. Employers may pay for cell phones and messaging services for oral surgeons on call.

Tags: oral surgeons, according Payscale, November 2010, oral surgeon, 2010 according

Radiotherapy Side Effects

Radiotherapy itself is a painless treatment that can produce painful side effects. The lower the dose of radiation therapy, the fewer side effects usually occur. A higher dose of radiation leaves the patient liable to more side effects.

Fatigue

Fatigue or tiredness that is not cured by rest can be caused by a lowering of the red blood cell count during radiotherapy.

Skin Damage

Skin damage in radiation treatments recently has been greatly reduced by the technique of delivering the dosage beneath the skin. Usually skin damage occurs in three to four weeks with dry, peeling skin on the treated areas.

Brain Function

Radiation treatments affecting the head can cause changes in brain function. These altered brain functions include memory loss, lowered sexual desire and an intolerance to cold weather.

Lungs

Radiation therapy treatments to the chest can cause side effects to the lungs. One condition affecting the lungs is the loss of a substance called surfactant that helps keep the air passages open.

Digestion

Radiation treatments to the chest and abdomen can cause swelling and inflammation to the esophagus, stomach and intestine.

Fertility

Radiation therapy to the testicles can result in a permanent loss of sperm production. In females, radiation affecting both ovaries can result in early menopause and infertility.

Tags: side effects, dose radiation, Radiation therapy, Radiation treatments, treatments chest

What Are The Benefits Of A Corporate Health Promotion Program

Corporate health promotion programs can help your employees lead healthier lives.

Corporate health promotion programs are company-wide initiatives to help promote health and wellness in the workplace. According to the California Department of Personnel Administration, there is evidence to suggest that investing in the health of your employees through workplace wellness programs can lead to substantial long-term savings for your company. When starting a corporate health promotion program, you can hire a vendor who specializes in corporate health and wellness or choose a team of internal employees to help develop your program.

Save Money

Corporate health promotion programs can provide a return on investment of $3 for every $1 you invest according to the Infinite Health Coach. In addition, you can save as much as $6 in insurance costs for each $1 you invest in corporate health and wellness, according to the California Department of Personnel Administration. Research conducted at the University of Michigan suggests that employers can save $1,100 a year for each employee who quits smoking; $269 per year for every employee who starts exercising regularly; and $1,200 per year for every employee who drops his cholesterol level from 240 to 190 milligrams.

Improve Employee Health

Corporate health promotion programs can help your employees achieve better health outcomes by teaching them make healthy changes in their lives. These programs educate your employees about eat healthier and exercise properly. They can help your employees reduce their risk of heart disease, lower their cholesterol, lose weight and feel better about themselves. The U.S. Public Health Service states that 60 percent of Americans do not exercise regularly. By educating your employees about exercise and nutrition, you can improve the collective health of your workforce.

Boost Morale

In addition to cutting costs and improving the overall health of your employees, corporate health promotion programs also can help improve morale at your company. When your employees are happy, it can lead to productivity gains. A U.S. Department of Health and Human Services report in 2002 concluded that companies with corporate wellness programs can increase employee productivity by anywhere from 2 to 52 percent. Helping your employees improve their quality of life can pay dividends for your business.

Reduce Employee Absenteeism

Another benefit of corporate health promotion programs is they can reduce the number of sick days your employees take. Healthier employees lead to less absenteeism, which in turn leads to increased productivity. Small reductions in absenteeism among your employers can result in big cost savings, especially for larger companies.

Tags: your employees, health promotion programs, promotion programs, health promotion, health promotion, health wellness, health your

Dimple A Barrel

The AR-15 comes in many sizes and finishes.

Whether you are looking to give your rifle a new finish or are interested in the benefits of a dimpled barrel, creating small indents in the barrel's surface may benefit you. Creating the dimples does not require that you create holes in the barrel; rather, it makes slight indentations over the surface. Dimpling the barrel aids in cooling the metal quickly after a shot has been fired, which prevents the heat from building up at a rapid rate. This lack of excess heat prevents heat-related degradation to the barrel over time, helping your barrel last longer.

Instructions

1. Remove the barrel from your firearm. Place the gas block dimpling jig around the barrel. Mark the points on the barrel that you want to dimple, using a felt-tipped pen.

2. Push the jig's pointed set screw through one of the two top holes on the jig. Repeat the process with the soft-point screw. Tighten both screws into place so that they center the jig around the barrel.

3. Flip the assembly over so the screws are at the bottom. Stabilize the barrel by tightening a stationary clamp around the jig.

4. Don your protective eyewear. Your eyewear should cover your eyes and seal tightly around your orbital cavities. This will prevent any debris from ricocheting and hitting you in any place that could damage your sight.

5. Place the drill bit in the drill and place the bit in the hole at the top of the dimpling jig. Start the drill and hold it steady to create the dimple. Create only a shallow scoop in the original surface. Do not drill completely through the barrel.

6. Repeat the process as many times as necessary to create the number of required dimples.

Tags: around barrel, around your, place that, Repeat process

How Naturally Reduce The Size Of My Breasts

Certain types of bras can reduce the appearance of large breasts without resorting to surgury.

Breasts can often cause women a wide range of discomforts, including back and knee problems if they are too large. Additionally, some women may feel self-conscious because of their large breasts. While some resort to drastic measures like breast reduction, there are ways to naturally reduce breast size. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Go on a low-calorie diet or similar weight loss method. Breasts are made up mostly of fat and are large proportionately to the size of the rest of your body. Dieting to reduce body fat will reduce the fat in your breasts and minimize your breast size. It is not possible to reduce the fat in only your breasts without decreasing overall body fat, so a full body fat reduction plan must be implemented.

2. Exercise to shape your body. In conjunction with dieting, exercising can dramatically increase weight and fat loss, thus decreasing your breast size. Going on an exercise plan that includes weights will also tone up the muscles in the body. Toning up chest muscles can perk up the breasts if they have sagged from excessive size. Be careful not to build the chest muscles up too much, however, as this will increase the muscle size under the breast tissue and might give you the appearance of having larger breasts.

3. Wear sports bras or other chest constrictors. They will not physically cause fat loss to your breasts, but they will provide you with the appearance of a smaller chest naturally and quickly.

Tags: breast size, your breasts, breasts they, breasts without, chest muscles, large breasts

Chicago Radiology Schools

Radiology students learn work with different image-taking devices.

Hospitals and colleges in Chicago offer programs in radiology leading to associate's or bachelor’s degrees. Each school has their own admission requirements, with the one constant being a "C" or better average. The Chicago radiology schools are all accredited and all graduates must take a pass the state exam before becoming a certified radiology technician.

Northwestern Memorial Hospital School of Radiography

In order to be considered for acceptance to the Northwestern Memorial Hospital School of Radiography, a candidate must have earned a minimum of six credits in human anatomy and physiology, a minimum of three credits in college algebra or statistics, a minimum of three credits in written communication and a minimum of three credits in oral communication from an accredited college or university by September 1st of the year he is planing to start. The candidate must also have maintained an average of "C" or higher.The school offers two programs: a 21-month certificate program and a bachelor’s degree program.

Northwestern Memorial Hospital

251 E. Huron

Chicago, IL 60611

312-926-6900

nmh.org

Malcolm X College

Candidates for the radiography program at Malcolm X College must be at least 18 years old and have completed math 140, biology 121 and health sciences 102 and have maintained a "C" or better average. The college offers a 25-month program and the students have the option of going for a bachelor’s degree at another college or university or going on to work in intervention studies, nuclear medicine, radiation therapy or to work as a radiopharmaceutical sales representative .

Malcolm X College

1900 West Van Buren Street

Chicago, Ilinios 60612

312-850-7373

malcolmx.ccc.edu

Wilbur Wright College Radiography Program

The Wilbur Wright College Radiography Program is 24 months and the students earn 75 semester hours of credit. Applicants must have completed English 101, Math 140 and Biology 120 and have a "C" or better average. Students who have also completed Biology 226 and 227 Computer Information Systems 120 and Psychology 201 will be considered first in the event there are more applicants than positions available. Graduates receive an AAS degree.

Wilbur Wright College

Radiography Program

4300 North Narragansett Avenue

Chicago, Il 60634

773-481-8880

wright.ccc.edu

Moraine Valley Community College's Radiology Program

The Moraine Valley Community College's Radiology Program leads to an AAS degree. The program is a 26-month program that starts in June of each year and includes two academic years and three summer sessions. Candidates must have completed one year of high school or college biology with lab, one year of high school algebra, Moraine Valley course MTH-095 or high or a similar course at a different college and have an average of "C" or above or have a 2.0 grade average. Those applying with a GED will be credited with having a 2.5.

Moraine Valley Community College

9000 W. College Parkway

Palos Hills, IL 60465

708-974-4300

morainevalley.edu

Tags: Moraine Valley, better average, College Radiography, College Radiography Program, Community College, have completed

Make Breasts Appear Bigger Without Padding

Making your breasts appear bigger then they are can be done without wearing padding. Making breasts look larger is not always about sex appeal. Looking proportionate in a fitted outfit is hard when breasts are not complement the rest of the body. Wearing silicone or other forms of padding can help with this, but it can also be uncomfortable or lead to other problems.

Instructions

1. Choose a top with a rounded top to may your breasts look bigger and fuller. Large amounts of cleavage should be avoided.

2. Add a nice decorative pin over your right breast or choose a top with a pocket.

3. If showing a small cleavage add a light bronzer to your breasts with a little foundation to even the skin tone.

4. Wear tops with a little texture. A shirt with a gathered top or ruffles will add to the appearance of fuller breasts.

5. Wear a bra that fits. A bra that is to small will make the breasts look smaller and could make the breasts appear miss shaped.

Tags: breasts look, your breasts, with little

Respiratory Technician Salary

Respiratory Technician Salary

Respiratory technicians evaluate, treat and care for patients with breathing or other cardiopulmonary disorders. They may work in hospitals, doctor's offices, care centers or travel to homes. Their salary range depends upon a person's education and experience but there are minimum requirements.

Respiratory technician vs. respiratory therapist

A respiratory technician has the same education as a respiratory therapist. However, the responsibilities are not evenly distributed. The difference is that a respiratory technician follows specifically defined procedures given under the direction of the doctor or the respiratory therapist. This includes any treatment or medications administered to patients.

Required training

Respiratory technicians must have formal training from a medical school, college, university or vocational institute. The minimum requirement is an associate or bachelor's degree. Depending on the state, a special license from the state's respiratory care board may be required. Review your state's requirements before proceeding with your degree or job search.

Salary

TheU.S.Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that the median salary, in 2004, for a respiratory technician was $36,740. The median salary for a respiratory therapist was $43,140. In 2009, the average salary for a respiratory technician is $43,000. This may be different depending upon the type of facility you work at or the regional location. When researching or negotiating salary, be sure you distinguish between a respiratory technician and a respiratory therapist.

Job Outlook

There is a growing number of people living to an older age. Because of this, there will be a greater need for treatment of respiratory problems and therefore, a greater need for respiratory technicians. According to theBureau of Labor Statistics, job opportunities for a trained respiratory technician are expected to grow faster than the average employment.

Advance your position

Once you have gained experience in the field as a respiratory technician, you can advance to respiratory therapist positions without having to do additional formal education. The American Association for Respiratory Care (aarc.org) says there are other advanced employment opportunities, including teaching for a respiratory therapy program, doing research in respiratory care or starting your own business that provides patient education or respiratory diagnostic services.

Tags: respiratory therapist, respiratory technician, education respiratory, greater need, Labor Statistics

Write An Essay On The Respect Due To An Nco

The NCO reading your essay will pay close attention to your army values.

So you got caught falling asleep on patrol, leaving your weapon unsecured or worse, mouthing off to your NCO. Now you have a 15,000 word assignment in which you need to share your insights about the respect due an NCO. According to former US Army Staff Sergeant Ray Sievers, the good news is that grammar and spelling are less important than content and honest self-analysis. The NCO reading your essay will pay close attention to how you incorporate army values.

Instructions

1. Describe the event or series of events that earned you this assignment. Focus only on the facts. Leave out any emotional response or personal commentary.

2. Explain how your actions were disrespectful toward your NCO. When doing so, try to view them from your NCO's point of view.

3. Explain how you as a soldier are expected to conduct yourself toward NCOs. Llist the army values and explain how they should guide your conduct. They are loyalty, duty, respect, selfless service, honor, integrity and personal courage.

4. Outline a plan of action in which you explain how you will change your conduct. Focus on specific actions you will take. Relate these actions to the army values.

Tags: army values, close attention, essay will, essay will close, reading your