Where Does Ovarian Cancer Metastasize To

Ovarian cancer symptoms are vague and may be overlooked, making the tumor difficult to diagnose in the early, more treatable stages. By the time the cancer is diagnosed, it has often metastasized to other organs. Ovarian cancer first invades organs adjacent to the ovaries, but it can spread as far as the lungs or liver in the more advanced stages.

Ovarian Cancer

In the earliest stages, ovarian cancer produces no distinguishing symptoms. The symptoms, which include abdominal pressure, changes in bowel or bladder habits, pelvic pain or discomfort, persistent indigestion or gas, lower back pain or menstrual changes, mimic other conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome or bladder infection (See reference 2). The lack of specific symptoms often delays the diagnosis until ovarian cancer is in an advanced stage.

Cancer Metastasis

According to cancerfacts.com, metastasis, or spread to other organs, is a defining characteristic of cancer cells. Cancer cells lack the normal mechanisms controlling growth and division. In addition growing too fast and accumulating into masses to form tumors, cancer cells also have the ability to invade other organs, eventually spreading throughout the body. Ovarian cancer metastasizes in three ways: through direct contact with neighboring organs or tissue; by cells breaking off from the tumor and shedding into the abdominal cavity; or by entering the lymphatic or blood system.

Local Metastasis

Local metastasis occurs when the ovarian tumor spreads to neighboring organs or tissues. The fallopian tubes, uterus, rectum and bladder are typical sites of local metastasis of ovarian tumors.

Distant Metastasis

Distant metastasis occurs when the ovarian cancer cells travel to organs removed from the ovaries, either by invading the abdominal cavity or traveling through the lymphatic or blood system. By invading the abdominal cavity, ovarian cancer can metastasize to the stomach, colon, liver, peritoneum (the lining of the abdomen and pelvis) or diaphragm. Cancer cells carried through the blood or lymph system can spread throughout the body. Although ovarian cancer cells may enter the lymph and invade the lungs, the cells rarely enter the bloodstream.

Ovarian Cancer Staging

Cancer stages indicate the extent to which the tumor has advanced. The more advanced the cancer, the more difficult it is to treat. Staging is performed through colonoscopy, intestinal X-rays and CT scans of the abdomen. Stage I designates a tumor that is still confined to the ovary whereas a stage II tumor has spread to both ovaries or other pelvic tissues, such as the fallopian tubes. In stage III, the tumor has metastasized to areas outside the pelvis or has entered the lymph nodes. Stage IV, the most advanced stage, indicates the cancer has metastasized to organs distant from the abdomen, such as the lungs or liver.

Tags: abdominal cavity, other organs, ovarian cancer, advanced stage, blood system

Shoulder Injury Caused By Seatbelts

Seatbelt shoulder injuries, while not totally preventable, are all too common in vehicle accidents. When seatbelts are worn too loosely, incorrectly or not at all, a number of unhappy but somewhat predictable results can occur. There are proper ways to fasten a seatbelt, and following the "rules" will diminish the chance of a seatbelt shoulder injury.

The Facts

Shoulder injuries caused by seatbelts are fairly common after a vehicle accident. They may be caused by seatbelt shoulder straps, the jerking movements or impact of the crash, or improper use of the seatbelt. Whiplash resulting from a crash can also cause shoulder pain.

Function

When properly worn, seatbelts can prevent many injuries, including shoulder injuries. Vehicle passengers seem to find numerous ways to misuse (and not use) seatbelts, however. Some don't wear them at all. Others wear only the lap belt, while tucking the shoulder belt behind. Some reverse that practice, wearing the shoulder belt while the lap belt is tucked in the back. Then there are people who wear the seatbelt too loose or the lap belt too high. Each of these can contribute to significant physical injury, some of which affect the shoulder.

Effects

When the shoulder belt is used alone, an accident victim can slip under the belt to the point where the neck is caught under the belt. This can cause strangulation or neck injury.

In other cases, individuals wear both the shoulder and lap belt but tuck the shoulder harness under their arm. This practice also contributes to serious injury by allowing excessive forward motion of the head and chest.

Another dangerous practice involves wearing the seatbelt too loosely. This practice may also allow too much forward motion, or the passenger may slide under the belt. Seatbelts worn too high over the abdomen can allow injury of the abdominal organs.

Identification

Although many seatbelt injuries (such as bruises) are obvious, others are found with an x-ray or MRI. Many seatbelt shoulder injuries are more painful than severe. However, some may require surgery or extensive therapy before healing occurs.

Early diagnosis of a seatbelt shoulder injury is helpful, and the sooner it happens after the accident, the better. Through early detection, you can ensure that the problem is cared for correctly and take any steps necessary to prevent further damage.

Prevention

Although you can't generally prevent an accident from happening, you can minimize the chance of a seatbelt shoulder injury resulting from an accident. While in the car, sit upright. Wear both the lap belt and shoulder harness, and do not tuck the shoulder harness under your arm. Make sure the restraints are fastened securely (e.g. not loosely), and keep the lap belt lower (as opposed to up over the abdomen). These measures, while not a cure-all, should reduce the seriousness or chance that you suffer from a seatbelt shoulder injury.

Tags: seatbelt shoulder, seatbelt shoulder injury, shoulder belt, shoulder harness, shoulder injury

Va Benefits For Children Of Veterans

The Veterans Administration provides headstones and markers for eligible children of veterans.

The Department of Veterans Administration operates four major programs that provide financial and medical assistance to veterans' dependent children as well as the surviving children of deceased veterans. These benefits typically are available to unmarried children up to age 19 if they are full-time high school students, and disabled dependent children of any age who were disabled before age 22. Benefits also may be paid to stepchildren, grandchildren, or adopted children under certain conditions. Eligibility for most benefits is based on the veteran's discharge from active military service under other than dishonorable conditions.

Survivors' and Dependents' Educational Assistance Program (DEA)

The Survivors' and Dependents' Educational Assistance Program (DEA) subsidizes up to 45 months of training and educational opportunities to eligible veteran dependent children between the ages of 18 and 26. Eligible recipients must be the dependent child of a veteran who died during active duty or as a result of a service-connected disability, is totally and permanently disabled as the result of a service-connected disability, or missing in action or captured in the line of duty by enemy forces. The DEA may be used to enroll in approved degree or certificate programs, as well as apprenticeships or on-the-job training programs.

Dependency and Indemnity Compensation (DIC)

The last military command of a service member provides a $100,000 death gratuity payment to the next of kin of those who die while on active duty or within 120 days of separation as a result of service-connected injury or illness. Veterans' dependent children may also be eligible for Dependency and Indemnity Compensation (DIC) if death resulted from an injury or disease incurred in the line of duty or a service-connected disability. Dependents of veterans who were totally disabled from service-connected conditions at the time of death may also qualify for DIC. Payments will be adjusted to reflect any amounts awarded from judicial proceedings resulting from the veteran's death.

Death Pension

Unmarried low-income disabled dependent children of deceased veterans may be entitled to monthly death pension benefit payments if a deceased veteran served over 90 days of active duty military service, at least one day of which was during a period of wartime. The veteran must have received a discharge other than dishonorable for dependents to be eligible for a death pension. The dependent child must be under the age of 18, permanently unable to support themselves due to disability occurring before the age of 18, or under the age of 23 if attending a VA-approved educational institution.

VA Civilian Health and Medical Program (CHAMPVA)

CHAMPVA is a health care program in which the Veterans Administration shares the cost of covered medically and psychologically necessary services with eligible dependent children. To be considered eligible, the sponsoring veteran must be totally and permanently disabled due to a service-connected condition, have died as a result of a service-connected condition, or died on active duty. The dependent must not be entitled to standard Department of Defense Tricare benefits.

Tags: dependent children, active duty, result service-connected, service-connected disability, Veterans Administration, Assistance Program

What To Expect During A Treadmill Test

A stress test often involves walking or jogging on a treadmill.

An exercise stress test, sometimes called a treadmill test, is a screening test that measures the impact of exercising on your heart. Exercise stress tests are usually performed on a treadmill or a similar exercise machine.

Preparation

You will not be permitted to eat, smoke, or drink alcoholic or caffeinated beverages for three hours prior to the exercise stress test. Wear clothes and shoes that you can exercise in.

Process

Electrodes will be attached to your arms, legs and chest to monitor the activity of your heart. You will also have a blood pressure cuff on your arm. You will walk on a treadmill and gradually increase your pace.

Side Effects

On rare occasions, people will experience dizziness, chest discomfort, heart palpitations or shortness of breath during an exercise stress test.

After the Test

After the stress exercise test, you will sit or lie down while your blood pressure is measured.

Purpose

Exercise stress tests can be performed for a variety of reasons, including to diagnose coronary heart disease, to determine a safe level of exercise or to predict the risk of heart-related conditions.

Tags: stress test, exercise stress, exercise stress test, blood pressure, Exercise stress tests, stress tests

Can A Commonlaw Couple Get Medical Insurance As A Married Couple

Married couples receive a variety of benefits, often sharing in a spouse's insurance coverage, for example. However, "common law" couples face additional hurdles when trying to get coverage under their partner's insurance coverage. Common law rules differ among states, so talk to a lawyer if you need legal advice about your relationship and what you can claim as a common law couple.

Common Law Marriage

While people often refer to couples living together as a "common law" couple, that term doesn't necessarily have any legal weight. A couple can live together for as long as they desire and they will not become married unless two things happen: They live in a state that allows common law marriage, and they meet the state requirements for becoming married through common law. Simply referring to yourself as a "common law" couple is not enough to be married through common law, nor does it entitle you to marital privileges.

Common Law Requirements

According to the National Conference of State Legislatures, nine states and the District of Columbia allow couples to get married through common law. Five other states have provisions where common law marriages are possible before a specific date. Each state has slightly different requirements for how a couple can obtain a common law marriage, but the requirements are mostly similar. A couple must be of legal age to get married, must agree to get married and must hold themselves out publicly as a married couple.

Insurance Provisions

Insurance companies have the right to set their own terms and conditions of coverage. Further, each state's laws and regulations differ about insurance coverage and proof of marriage. For example, Emory University's health care coverage allows couples to get health care for their legally married spouses. The insurance plan requires that if the couple has a different last name, they must provide proof of marriage through such items as a marriage certificate or jointly filed tax return.

Proof

While getting married through common law is relatively straightforward, proving that you are legally wed is often more difficult for common law couples. Insurance carriers may require proof that you are married, and each carrier may have different rules about what constitutes proof. Common law couples typically have no marriage certificate or license to prove that they are married. However, joint tax returns, joint rental agreements, bill payments or any other legal or financial document that shows you are married can sometimes be used.

Tags: married through, married through common, through common, common couple, insurance coverage

Charities That Help Low Income Families

Low-income families are faced with a host of different challenges. Feeding, clothing, sheltering and entertaining children can be very difficult on a small or non-existent budget. However, there are numerous government and community resources that have been established to benefit low income families and provide for their basic needs.

Feeding America

Formerly known as Second Harvest, Feeding America is the largest domestic hunger relief charity in the United States. Every year, Feeding America provides free food assistance to more than 25 million low income people in the United States.

To receive food from Feeding America, visit one of their 63,000 networked food banks, soup kitchens, emergency shelters, or after school programs. To find a local Feeding America networked establishment, call 1-800-771-2303 or search by zip code or state on their website, http://feedingamerica.org/foodbank-results.aspx/.

Individuals who want to make a difference in the lives of low income families can make monthly or one-time financial donations to Feeding America online, over the phone, by mail or by wire transfer. For donating instructions, visit their website at http://feedingamerica.org/take-action/donate/other-ways-donate.aspx. Every dollar donated provides nine pounds of food to hungry families in America. Food donations are also accepted at local Feeding America food banks.

Salvation Army

The Salvation Army is an international movement of the universal Christian Church. However, every needy American can receive assistance from the Salvation Army, regardless of religious affiliation.

Services offered by the Salvation Army include disaster recovery services, emergency financial assistance, food and nutrition programs, family counseling, transitional housing, emergency shelters, music and arts programs, Church services, and youth camps.

During Christmastime, the Salvation Army stations bell ringers outside popular establishments. These individuals collect donations in bright red containers. The money is then used to provide Christmas dinners, clothing, toys, seasonal aid and basic necessities to needy individuals and families.

Families in need can search for their local Salvation Army location at http://www.salvationarmyusa.org. A search by zip code will reveal all nearby Salvation Army locations and the services they offer. Services may vary depending on location.

Catholic Community Services

Various regions of the United States possess local charities known as Catholic Community Services. These entities are sponsored by local Catholic Diocese but provide for the basic needs of people from every religious background.

Catholic Community Services offers many different types of assistance, including emergency financial assistance for rent and utilities, hot prepared meals, and various homeless resources including access to showers, laundry facilities, and haircuts. In some areas, Catholic Community Services may operate a food bank, provide pregnancy or newborn needs, and addiction recovery programs.

The best way for families in need to discover if there is a Catholic Community Services in their area is to conduct a Google search with the word "Catholic Community Services" followed by their location, such as Seattle, Salt Lake City, or New York.

Community Resources

Families who are struggling to clothe their kids or purchase toys on the holidays can benefit from watching the local classifieds. Websites such as Craigslist (http://www.craigslist.org) have sections dedicated to items that other people are giving away for free. Used clothes, toys, and even household appliances can be found at no cost.

To find free stuff in your area, shop online classifieds for free sections. Some newsletters, such as The Freecyle Network, allow local groups to share information on local freebies. Find a local group and sign up at http://www.freecycle.org/.

Government Assistance

Although not charities, federal and state government agencies provide assistance to low-income families. Food assistance, medical insurance, and emergency financial support may be available to eligible low income individuals and families.

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) offers food stamp benefits on an EBT card that can be used exactly like an ATM card at most grocery stores. Eligibility is primarily determined by the size of the family compared to the family's income. To find out if you are eligible, complete an online screening tool at http://www.snap-step1.usda.gov/fns/ or apply at a local SNAP office. Find an office near you by searching at http://www.fns.usda.gov/fsp/outreach/map.htm.

Medical and financial programs vary by state. To determine your eligibility, visit your local welfare office.

Tags: Feeding America, Salvation Army, Catholic Community, Catholic Community Services, Community Services

Senior Rv Parks Close To Tampa Florida

RV parks provide plenty of activities near Tampa.

There are many senior RV parks near Tampa, Florida. Each of them offer activities like golfing, shuffleboard and potluck dinners. In such close proximity to Tampa, residents of these RV parks can always drive into the city for shopping, movies and other entertainment.

Country Oaks RV Park

Located 25 miles north of Tampa, Country Oaks RV Park focuses on the relaxing aspect of living outside of Tampa. They offer on-site owner management and full hook-up RV sites. In the recreation hall, residents can take exercise classes, go dancing, take art classes, play bingo or play billiards. A shuffleboard court is available to residents. Cook-outs, fishing trips and golf outings are some of the activities offered by Country Oaks. Pets under 40 lbs. are allowed.

Country Oaks RV Park

38651 Tarr Drive

Zephyrhills, FL 33540

813-788-1205

countryoaksrvpark.com

Rainbow Village RV Resort

Located 22 miles north of Tampa, Rainbow Village RV Resort offers a number of activities and amenities for residents. Residents can swim in the heated, indoor pool, or play bingo, shuffleboard, horseshoes or cards. With a video/DVD library, residents can always have something to watch. Pets under 25 lbs. are allowed.

Rainbow Village RV Resort

4150 Lane Road

Zephyrhills, FL 33541

813-782-5075

carefreervresorts.com/floridarvparks/Rainbow_Village_RV_Resort_Central_Florida/

Majestic Oaks RV Resort

Located 25 minutes from Tampa, Majestic Oaks RV Resort offers 258 full hook-up sites. Residents can swim in the heated swimming pool, play shuffleboard or tennis on lighted courts, or exercise in the fitness center. Majestic Oaks also has a library, clubhouse and a craft room. Potluck dinners and pancake breakfasts are organized.

Majestic Oaks RV Resort

3751 Laurel Valley Blvd.

Zephyrhills, FL 33542

813-783-7518

carefreervresorts.com/floridarvparks/Majestic_Oaks_RV_Resort/

Water's Edge RV Resort

Located 25 miles northeast of Tampa, Water's Edge RV Resort offers pancake breakfasts, ice cream socials and barbecues. Sewing and quilting classes are offered. Residents can swim in the heated pool, play billiards, or play shuffleboard. Pets under 25 lbs. are allowed.

Waters Edge RV Resort

39146 Otis Allen Road

Zephyrhills, FL 33540

813-783-2708

watersedgervflorida.com

Glen Haven RV Resort

Located 25 miles north of Tampa, Glen Haven offers a bathhouse, recreation hall, computer club, heated pool and hot tub. There are golf and bowling leagues, ice cream socials and square dances. Pets under 25 lbs. are allowed.

Glen Haven RV Resort

37251 Chancey Road

Zephyrhills, FL 33541

813-782-1856

glenhavenrv.com

Tags: Country Oaks, Located miles, Majestic Oaks, Pets under, Pets under allowed, Resort Located

Grants For Pools

Swim teams require special equipment for swimming meets.

Believe it or not, there really are grants for swimming pools. The federal government funds grants which are paid through the states to the counties, cities or other local entities for swimming pools used by the public. In addition, there are privately-funded entities in many geographic areas, such as organizations that promote swim teams and their competitions. Do not overlook these local and regional funding sources. Some grants help the pool owner obtain a pool, others assist with maintenance or equipment expenses and others help offset operating losses, for instance.

Outdoor Recreation Grants

All 50 states and the agencies appointed by each state's governor to prepare and maintain the Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan qualify for federal funding to acquire and develop outdoor projects for public recreation. This agency may apply on behalf of cities, counties and park districts. Indian tribes qualify for funding as well. The plan includes swimming pool projects. Applicants may apply under the Outdoor Recreation-Acquisition, Development and Planning program, under the U.S. Department of the Interior's National Park Service. The funds, specifically for outdoor recreation projects, may not apply to indoor swimming pools. The pool must be open to the general public and not just for certain groups. Favor goes to basic facilities -- not elaborate plans.

Grants for Operation of Qualified High-Risk Pools

The Grants to States for Operation of Qualified High-Risk Pools operates through the Department of Health and Human Service's Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, (CMS). It offers grants to states that operate a high-risk pool that incurred a operating loss during a fiscal year. Each swimming pool applying must meet specific federal requirements to qualify for funding to offset its loss. Use form SF-424 and related forms available from the CMS for applying. No formulas or matching requirements apply to this grant.

Virginia Graeme Baker Grants

The Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act enacted the State Grants on Pool and Spa Safety. For a state to apply for a Virginia Graeme Baker (VGB) grant, it must have a statute that requires all residential pools to have safety barriers such as a 4-foot fence. Door alarms or a pool safety cover are required if the home serves as one of the side barriers surrounding the swimming pool. In addition, all pools must have an entrapment prevention device. The Centers for Disease Control administers the grants.

Local and Private Grants

No grant search is complete without considering local and private funding sources. Check your area for sources of grant funding. An example is the Pacific Swimming Pool Improvement Program grants. Eligibility depends on the pool being available for use by a registered Pacific Swimming team and be available for swimming activities, team functions and swim meets with Pacific Swimming sanctions. Funds may be used for capital improvements to a swimming pool. Applicants must prove need for the project and the club's inability to fund the work or find funding to have the work completed. Grants range from $1,500 to $5,000 each per year. Submit applications by April 1 each year. Grant awards disburse to the club or pool owner in July, and all work must be completed by the end of that calendar year.

Tags: Graeme Baker, Pacific Swimming, swimming pool, swimming pools, Virginia Graeme, Virginia Graeme Baker, each year

Promote Breast Cancer Awareness Month

Promote Breast Cancer Awareness Month

October is National Breast Cancer Awareness Month. According to the National Cancer Institute, one in eight women will be diagnosed with this disease in her lifetime. With odds like that, if someone in your life has not yet been treated for breast cancer, it is probably only a matter of time. The good news is that prevention and early detection can save lives. It might seem like the problem is insurmountable. Happily, there are small steps anyone can take that can make a big impact. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Keep a bowl of candies on your desk at work, along with a small bank or jar. Make a note stating "Please Donate to Support Breast Cancer Awareness." Give the money you raise to an organization that promotes awareness and the search for a cure, such as the Susan G. Komen Foundation or the Avon Foundation.

2. Ask your employer to give all of female employees the afternoon or day off. The condition can be that one uses some of the time to get a mammogram.

3. Hold a bake sale. Sell baked goods with a pink motif. Hang a banner or sign stating that all proceeds go towards breast cancer research and awareness. Stuff printed postcards in each bag of goodies.

4. Visit the Breast Cancer Website every day. You'll see it listed in our Resources section. When you click a button to view ads, you help sponsor a free mammogram to an uninsured or under insured woman.

5. Call your mom, sisters, friends, cousins, aunts, or other female loved ones. Encourage them to schedule an annual exam and mammogram. Make a day of it, scheduling your appointments together. Celebrate your health, love and friendship by going out for lunch or to a movie after all exams have been completed.

6. Send cards to all of the women in your contact list, reminding them to have their annual checkup.

Tags: Breast Cancer, Breast Cancer Awareness, Cancer Awareness, Awareness Month, Cancer Awareness Month, breast cancer

The Purpose Of A Chroma Green Screen In Photography

Green screens are often seen on movie sets or on news stations as anchors report the weather, but these screens are often used for photographers as well. The use of green screen serves many purposes for a photographer, and as long as proper lighting and a high quality camera is used, the green will work well. While initial pictures with the green screen may look unusual, the post production process shows how effective the screen really is.

Function

A green screen is used so that photographers can eliminate a background all together. Green screens are used along with blue screens, but blue screens may interfere with a person's eyes or clothes more than a green screen would. The green screen is always the object furthest in the background and serves as a temporary backdrop.

Post Production

When a green screen is used, it is most likely eliminated during post production. This seems like a waste of time and money, but the green screen actually makes the process a lot easier for photographers to eliminate and remove elements in a photo. For example, a photographer taking portraits can switch backgrounds to feature different colors and designs right over the green screen. This way, the photographer just needs to purchase one background screen instead of several.

Features

The use of green screen is typically reserved for professionals. The use is popular for photo shoots in magazines, newspapers and on the Internet. If a photographer wants to mix the cast of a television show together, he can take pictures of the complete cast separately and then mix them together easily by removing the green screen background.

Home Use

The use of green screens can be applied and used during home photography as well. Even if you do not want to purchase a green screen, you can use a solid colored sheet in order to achieve the same effect. Hang up a solid colored sheet and make it as flat as possible. Dress the figures in the photo in opposite colors of the sheet so they are not removed from the photo when the green screen is. Take the pictures and use an advanced photo program like Adobe Photoshop in order to eliminate the background of the photo and replace it with another.

Considerations

Green screen can only serve a helpful purpose if there is proper lighting. Improper lighting can cause undesired shadows and different shades on the green screen. This will make the green screen useless and the overall pictures will not be as a good as they could have been with proper lighting. A lighting kit should always be used instead of a flash that could reflect off of the green screen.

Tags: green screen, proper lighting, blue screens, colored sheet, eliminate background, green screen This, green screen used

Xray Tech Education Requirements

X-ray technicians usually work in the radiology department.

X-ray technicians are also known as radiological technicians or radiographers. Their job involves performing diagnostic imaging examinations such as X-rays that physicians use to diagnose medical problems. Employment in the field was projected by the Bureau for Labor Statistics to grow faster than average over the 2008 to 2018 period. Formal training is required before you can be employed as an X-ray technician.

Basic Entrance Qualification

Training for an X-ray technician is required. Typically, you need a certificate, an associate or a bachelor's degree in order to work as an X-ray technician. Certificate programs usually take up to 24 months. You will need a high school diploma or its equivalent in order to be admitted to a radiology program. Some programs with limited enrollment will base their admission on your high school grade point average, or even placement testing.

Program Accreditation

Formal training programs for an X-ray technician are accredited by the Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology. As of 2009, the committee had accredited 213 programs that led to a certificate, 397 associate degree programs and 35 bachelor's degrees. Graduating from an accredited school's program is required to practice as an X-ray technician. Laws protect the public from the dangers of unnecessary exposure to medical radiation by ensuring radiographers are properly trained.

Courses

An X-ray technician student receives classroom as well as clinical instructions in various courses, including anatomy and physiology, medical terminology, radiological procedures, radiation physics, radiation safety and radiologic procedures. Students also learn use medical imaging equipment to produce images, which are then used by physicians to diagnose illnesses.

Specialization

Specialization is not compulsory, but it can serve as a competitive advantage. You can specialize in magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI, computer tomography, or CT, mammography and ultrasound. These medical imaging techniques are used in radiology to visualize detailed internal structures. However, they require different techniques to diagnose illnesses. These additional skills will help you get ahead in your career as an X-ray technician.

Tags: X-ray technician, certificate associate, diagnose illnesses, Formal training, high school, medical imaging

Secondary Breast Cancer Symptoms

Secondary breast cancer is a result of the cancer cells breaking away from the breast and invading another part of the body, forming a new tumor. This is also referred to as a metastasis. The original breast cancer is known as the primary cancer.

General Symptoms

Symptoms depend on where the breast cancer has spread. General secondary breast cancer symptoms include feeling tired or under the weather and having less of an appetite. These symptoms can have many causes, however, and should only cause concern in recovering cancer patients if they persist for more than a week.

Bone

If secondary breast cancer in the bone occurs the patient will experience aching or pain in the affected bone.

Liver

If breast cancer spreads to the liver, the patient may feel tired and ill. Swelling and discomfort on the right side of the abdomen, loss of appetite, and nausea may also occur.

Lungs

If the breast cancer spreads to your lungs, shortness of breath and a cough occur.

Brain

If the breast cancer spreads to the brain, the patient may feel sick and experience headaches. Weakness in a part of the body that is controlled by the affected portion of the brain and behavior changes may also be experienced.

Lymph Nodes

If the cancer spreads to the lymph nodes, a lump or swelling may occur under your arm or in another part of the body. When the lymph nodes are affected your arm or hand may swell.

Tags: breast cancer, cancer spreads, breast cancer, breast cancer spreads, part body

Wisconsin Schools For Diagnostic Medical Sonography

Wisconsin colleges for diagnostic medical sonography prepare students for successful medical careers.

Diagnostic medical sonographers, also called ultrasound technologists or ultrasonographers, utilize sound wave technology to create images useful for determining medical conditions. Most diagnostic medical sonographers in Wisconsin work in hospital imaging departments, but there are also jobs in outpatient clinics and medical offices. An associate degree is the minimum requirement for most diagnostic medical sonography jobs, and you can earn it through a Wisconsin community college or hospital-based program.

Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center School of Diagnostic Medical Sonography

Located in Milwaukee, the Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center School of Diagnostic Medical Sonography offers a 19-month diagnostic medical sonography degree program. The hospital-based program includes academic courses, hands-on labs and clinical learning experiences to prepare students for entry-level sonography jobs. Students have the opportunity to work at eight clinical sites in Wisconsin. Upon completion of the program, students can apply for the American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography. The Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center School of Diagnostic Medical Sonography has accreditation from the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health.

Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center School of Diagnostic Medical Sonography

180 W. Grange Ave.

Milwaukee, WI 53207

414-747-4360

aurorahealthcare.org

Blackhawk Technical College

Blackhawk Technical College is located in Janesville and offers an associate degree in diagnostic medical sonography. The two-year program includes classes such as anatomy, physiology, physics, pathophysiology, diagnostic medical sonography general procedures, vascular procedures, instrumentation and communications. Students must participate in six supervised clinical learning experiences at approved hospitals and medical facilities. Graduates of the diagnostic medical sonography program at Blackhawk Technical College can take the American Registry of Diagnostic Medical Sonographers certification exams. Blackhawk Technical College is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission, and the school's diagnostic medical sonography program has accreditation from the Joint Review Committee on Education in Diagnostic Medical Sonography.

Blackhawk Technical College

6004 South County Road G

Janesville, WI 53546-9458

608-758-6900

blackhawk.edu

Sanford-Brown College

Sanford-Brown College offers an associate degree in diagnostic medical sonography at its Milkwaukee campus. The two-year program prepares students for entry level diagnostic medical sonography jobs. Students learn about sonographic organ patterns, survey methods and protocols, technical communication and organ systems. The degree program includes on-campus classes and labs, and off-campus clinical experiences. Students must complete a supervised clinical externship at an approved medical center. According to DegreeDirectory.org, Sanford-Brown College has accreditation from the Accrediting Council for Independent Colleges and Schools (ACICS).

Sanford-Brown College

Milwaukee Campus

6737 W. Washington St.

Suite 2355

Milwaukee , WI 53214

888-550-2433

sanfordbrown.edu

Chippewa Valley Technical College

Located in Eau Claire, Chippewa Valley Technical College offers an associate degree in diagnostic medical sonography. The six-term program includes coursework in medical terminology, anatomy and physiology, patient care, instrumentation, diagnostic medical sonography, vascular sonography, abdominal sonography and communications. Students are required to complete a seven-month clinical internship. Graduates of the diagnostic medical sonography program can take the national board tests in ultrasound physics, abdominal ultrasound, and obstetrics and gynecology. The Chippewa Valley Technical College diagnostic medical sonography program is accredited by the Committee on Allied Health Education and Accreditation.

Chippewa Valley Technical College

620 West Clairemont Ave.

Eau Claire, WI 54701-6162

715-833-6200

cvtc.edu

Northeast Wisconsin Technical College

Northeast Wisconsin Technical College offers an associate degree in diagnostic medical sonography at its Green Bay campus, according to Careers.org. The two-year program includes on-campus classes and labs, as well off-site clinical experiences. Students take classes such as medical terminology, patient care, anatomy and physiology, sono physics and instruments, diagnostic medical sonography, abdominal sonography, ob/gyn sonography, and cardiac and vascular sonography. Students must participate in four clinical observation experiences at local hospital or medical clinics. Graduates of the diagnostic medical sonography program can take the Association of Registered Diagnostic Medical Sonographers board exams. The diagnostic medical sonography program at Northeast Wisconsin Technical College has accreditation from the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs.

Northeast Wisconsin Technical College

2740 West Mason St.

P.O. Box 19042

Green Bay, WI 54307-9042

920-498-5444

nwtc.edu

University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee offers a bachelor's degree in diagnostic medical sonography. The program partners with the University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics in Madison, and is offered through the largest college of health sciences in the state, according to U.S. News and World Report's 2010 best college rankings. The four-year program includes two years of classroom learning and two years of clinical training. The clinical training portion of the degree program takes place at the University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinic and Madison, and requires students to relocate during the clinical work. The diagnostic medical sonography program at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee is accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs.

University of Wisconsin--Milwaukee

P.O. Box 413, 2200 E. Kenwood Blvd.

Milwaukee, WI 53201-0413

414-229-1122

uwm.edu

Tags: medical sonography, Technical College, medical sonography program, sonography program, program includes, associate degree, Blackhawk Technical

Early Signs Of Breast Cancer In Men

It is a misconceived notion that only women can have breast cancer. That is a false statement, and it is entirely possible for men to have breast cancer. In fact, studies have shown that 1% of all breast cancer patients have been men. This article will go over some of the male symptoms of breast cancer. If caught early enough, there is a greater chance that men can overcome the cancer and make a full recovery.

Skin Dimpling

If the skin around the nipple area starts to "dimple" or "pucker," it is recommended that men should make an appointment for a consultation with a doctor. There is a chance that this retracted pocket of skin could have a cancerous tumor underneath that is causing the skin to pucker.

Redness and Scaling

Another sign of breast cancer in men can be abnormal redness or scaling around the breast area. If your skin starts peeling or looking like snake skin, it could be a chance that something is wrong with your breast area. Skin redness is another symptom of early breast cancer in men.

Nipple inversion

One of the more subtle signs of breast cancer in men can be seen through the nipple. If your nipple is turning inward, this can be a sign that you have breast cancer.

Lumps

Because men have less fat and skin than women do in the breast area, lumps are far more detectable. If the tumor is big enough underneath the skin, a lump will form and protrude. This lump could be cancerous, and a doctor may recommend a lumpectomy, which is the most common breast cancer procedure. It is the removal or reduction of the lump underneath the skin. If caught early on, the removal can prevent cancer from spreading or starting if you are still at a stage 0. However, if you do have a lump in your breast and you are a male, it may not be breast cancer. So it is important to go to a doctor to get this diagnosed. There is a possibility that it could be gynecomastia, which is a benign, noncancerous condition.

Nipple Discharge

Most nipple discharge coming from men is abnormal. This could be a sign of cancer, and this should be looked at, and if necessary, treated right away.

Prevention

The best way to know whether or not you have breast cancer is to go see a professional if anything looks or seems unusual. If treated early enough, breast cancer can be beaten. For example, stage 1 breast cancer has a 98% survival rate. It is possible for men to get breast cancer, so don't ignore any symptoms. Make a doctor's appointment the minute you notice something different about your breast region.

Tags: breast cancer, breast cancer, have breast, have breast cancer, breast area

Advantages & Disadvantages Of American Health Care

Advantages & Disadvantages of American Health Care

The current American health care system consists of many types of privately- and publicly-funded health insurance plans, all of which offer various types of health care services. According to the New England Journal of Medicine, based on The World Health Report 2000, Health Systems: Improving Performance, the U.S. health care system was ranked 37th in the world.

Advantages

The U.S. has one of the best medical research systems in the world. Researchers from institutions such as Harvard Medical School, the Mayo Clinic and the Cleveland Clinic are world-renowned for the advances they are making in medicine, largely because of the current free-market system. For those who have jobs with great benefits or those who can afford it, some American insurance plans are some of the best in the world. Another advantage of the current American health care system is that taxpayers do not bear the expense associated with providing medical insurance to every single person. Health care costs in the U.S. are higher than any country in the world and a system in which all Americans would be insured would only serve to increase these costs, at the expense of the taxpayers. Many people argue that tax money would take funding away from education and national security to fund a new health care system.

Disadvantages

One of the biggest disadvantages of the current American health care system is that people spend much more in the U.S. for health care, but Americans are not healthier than other nations that spend much less. The amount of money spent on health care in America is staggering. The U.S. spends more of its total GDP (gross domestic product) on health care than any country in the world. In 2001, the U.S. spent nearly 14 percent of its total GDP on health care. A major disadvantage of the American health care system is the fact that many individuals are underinsured or uninsured. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, in 2003, 60 percent of Americans were covered by employer-based health insurance, 26 percent were covered by government-based health insurance and 15 percent were without health insurance.

Proposed Health Care Legislation

The current proposals for health care reform in the U.S. focus mainly on extending insurance coverage to all Americans, decreasing the costs through improved efficiencies and expanding the breadth and depth of prevention and wellness programs.

Tags: health care, care system, health care system, American health, American health care

Breast Cancer Seroma In The Armpit

Studies suggest that at least 35 percent of women who undergo surgery for breast cancer will develop a seroma.

Any surgery comes with some risk, and potential for complication. This is especially true when tissue has to be removed. One of the most common treatments of breast cancer is a mastectomy, or removal of the mammary glands and surrounding breast tissue. According to the World Journal of Surgical Oncology, the most common surgical complication in women who have undergone this surgery is the development of a seroma in the area under the arm.

Definition

The suffix "-oma," in medicine, means "a gathering or pooling of". A seroma is a soft tissue tumor, or buildup of serous fluids, which pool under the skin. Serous fluids are the yellow to clear fluid produced by the lymphatic system. It is the same fluid that pools inside blisters. After breast cancer, these fluids tend to pool in the armpit, in the area where tissue was removed during the mastectomy.

Cause

According to Dr. Gordon Cameron, when the lymph glands in the armpit are removed, the tiny tubes that hook the glands together are severed. This lets serous fluid escape into the area below the skin. A mastectomy leaves an open space where the breast tissue is removed, and serous fluid runs into this empty space, causing a seroma. Some studies also suggest that early removal of the surgical site's draining tube may be linked to formation of a seroma.

Symptoms

There are two primary symptoms of seroma formation. The first is bulging of the surgical site. The second is fluid-like movement of the skin over the seroma. Essentially the site will both look and feel like a water-bed bladder, or water balloon. Seromas typically form between seven and 10 days after surgery, and just after the drainage tube is removed.

Diagnosis

The presence of a seroma is detected by palpation, or feeling the area affected. A doctor may also use a syringe to draw fluid out of the mass, and have it tested. This will ensure that it is just serous fluid collecting, and not a more serious problem. It will also allow the doctor to check for infection.

Complications

Though seromas are typically only a minor complication, there are symptoms that may be indicative of a more serious problem, and experiencing these symptoms is reason to call your doctor immediately. Call your doctor if you feel increasing pressure on the healing area of your surgical site, or if the amount of fluid seems to be dramatically increasing. Also, if the site of the seroma becomes red, warm or sore to the touch, these could be signs of infection, and your doctor should check it out. Finally, if the swelling at the surgical site is increasing, call your doctor; this could be a sign of Lymphodema rather than seroma.

Treatment

If the bulging becomes significant and uncomfortable, your doctor may use a needle and syringe to extract fluid from the armpit. In most cases, however, the body will reabsorb the serous fluid on its own over time, and no treatment is necessary. Typically these fluids are reabsorbed and the seroma disappears in about a month, but the healing process can take up to a year.

Tags: your doctor, serous fluid, surgical site, breast cancer, tissue removed, breast tissue

Scottish Boarding Schools

While the United States has dozens of boarding schools available for students in practically any grade, you may consider sending your child to Scotland for an educational experience. Scotland offers rich history in a scenic environment, in addition to giving a child the opportunity to study abroad. A total of 37 different schools with the option of boarding exist in Scotland, according to the Scottish Council of Independent Schools. When choosing a school, factors such as the location and cost of education factor in. Additionally, many of the schools have special admission policies for international students.

Locations

Those looking for a boarding school within busy city limits may not find too many in Scotland. The Scottish Council of Independent Schools reports that most of Scotland's boarding schools exist within rural regions of the country. High concentrations of boarding schools can be found within the rural region of Perthshire. Moray and Midlothian also hold large numbers of boarding schools. A few schools, such as the Edinburgh Academy School, can be found within the larger city of Edinburgh. Despite the rural locations, most schools have a solid transport link to local airports for students.

Costs

The cost of boarding school in Scotland, on average, depends upon the age of the student being boarded. For junior boarders, those in middle school or younger, costs total f5,975 per term with three terms per year, totaling f17,925 per year as of August 2010. These amount to around $9,661 for a term or $28,983 per year. High schoolers, or senior boarders, pay an average of f8,214, or $13,281, per term. The year's total comes to an average of f24,642, or $39,844. Boarding costs for Scotland include tuition in the cost. To help families with a lower income, all Scottish boarding schools offer fee assistance based upon financial need shown.

Curriculum

Scottish boarding schools, the majority of which are coeducational, begin the school year in either August or September and conduct class until June, usually. These schools often give students schedules as to when they must be back in the dormitories. Times vary by school. Additionally, Scottish boarding schools offer what they call "added value" to the daily life of boarders. This refers to extracurricular activities students engage in after classes, such as sports, clubs or other hobbies. These schools tend to follow the English school structure and use AS and A levels to measure student success. These tests review the learning of the year and are designed to prepare students for university enrollment. Others follow Scottish curriculum or offer the International Baccalaureate instead.

Admissions

Most Scottish boarding schools feature an admissions deadline of sometime in November or December. Admission requirements for each school vary, with each school outlining its admission process on its website. In general, once a student's application has been reviewed, that student then takes an entrance test for the school; this includes students applying from outside of Scotland as well. If a student's entrance exam scores qualify, and the transcripts from previous schools are up to par, the student will likely be accepted into the boarding school and attend an induction day in June. Induction days exist to give students a glimpse into boarding school life.

Tags: boarding schools, boarding school, Scottish boarding, Scottish boarding schools, boarding schools, boarding schools offer

Prevent Cancer In Women

Prevent Cancer in Women

A cancer diagnosis is frightening. And while many people survive the illness, others aren't as fortunate and they lose the battle. Cancers common to women include lung, breast, melanoma, ovarian, colon and cervical cancer. If the cancer is caught early, many women make a full recovery. Although there isn't a surefire way to prevent these cancers, there are ways to lower your chances of developing the illness.

Instructions

1. Know your personal risk. Having a family history of cancer puts you at greater risk for developing the disease. If you have a family history of cancer, get early screenings and investigate unusual symptoms.

2. Exercise regularly. Exercise lowers your risk of developing a variety of illnesses such as heart disease, diabetes and cancer. Work out for a minimum of 90 minutes a week.

3. Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables. Healthy foods such as fruits and vegetables contain antioxidants, which protect your cells from damage and lowers your chances of developing certain cancers such as colon cancer. Also, consuming 20 to 35 grams of dietary fiber a day can reduce your chances of developing colon cancer.

4. Schedule annual pap smears. This medical procedure examines the cervix and looks for abnormal cell growth. This test can also detect HPV, which is the virus that causes some types of cervical cancer.

5. Get yearly mammograms. Women over the age of 40 should get a mammogram every 1 to 2 years. However, women with a family history of breast cancer may have to start their screenings before the age of 40. Conduct a monthly breast examination and check your breasts for lumps.

6. Give up cigarettes. According to The National Cancer Institute, smoking cigarettes contributes to approximately 87 percent of lung cancer deaths. To lower your risks, make every effort to stop smoking. Aside from lung cancer, smoking can cause esophageal and oral cancer.

7. Protect your skin. Apply sunscreen before going outdoors in the summertime. If you're swimming, purchase waterproof sunscreen and re-apply every two hours. This lowers your chances of developing skin cancer (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carinoma and melanoma).

Tags: chances developing, your chances, your chances developing, family history, lowers your, Cancer Women

Ideas For National Nurses Week

Give appreciation to nurses by celebrating National Nurses Week.

Nurses are vital to the health care process, helping to save lives every day. Recognize the commitments nurses make by celebrating National Nurses Week. One of the nation's largest health-care events, National Nurses Week begins each year on May 6 and ends May 12. It is promoted by the American Nurses Association. Ideas for activities during National Nurses Week include recognition dinners, health fairs and other community events.

Recognition Dinner

Host a recognition dinner honoring a select group of nurses for extraordinary professional achievement, exemplary service to the community or outstanding contributions in the medical field. Similarly, solicit nominations from local medical staff for a special nursing recognition award. Present the nominee with a plaque or certificate during the dinner. Pre-sell tickets to the dinner, with all proceeds benefiting a local charity or nursing scholarship endowment find.

Health Fair

Pay tribute to nurses' multiple functions with a health fair. Nurses could be on hand to give out information on mental illness, nutrition, breast and heart health, diabetes, cancer, AIDS, family planning and domestic violence. They could also provide free health screenings for blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol and body mass index. Make the health fair interactive with guest speakers, healthy cooking demonstrations, basic yoga, reflexology and aromatherapy.

Publicity

Generate publicity for National Nurses Week by hosting a press conference to discuss an important health-care issue or findings of a medical survey. Conclude the press conference with a presentation of an honorary nursing title to a civic leader. Attract further interest from the media with a press release announcing all local health-care events. Ask the local newspaper to solicit stories from pediatric, military or mental health nurses recounting their personal experiences.

Political Activities

Protect the interests of professional nursing through political activities on the local and state levels. For example, invite lawmakers to shadow a nurse for a day, providing a first-hand look at the nursing profession, or hold an event at the state capitol recognizing all registered nurses in legislation. Use the opportunity to educate state legislators about the value of nurses in the health care system. Constituents can also write a letter requesting a proclamation from the mayor or governor recognizing May 6-12 as National Nurses Week.

Tags: National Nurses, National Nurses Week, Nurses Week, celebrating National, celebrating National Nurses

Advantages & Disadvantages Of Xrays

X-rays have advantages and disadvantages.

X-rays are essential medical tools for doctors. However, the prevalence of new technology and the risks associated with X-rays have caused many health professionals to re-think the their use. X-rays are ionized forms of radiation that penetrate living tissue. Doctors found they could use X-rays and imaging technology to give a detailed view of a patient's skeletal system and some tissues. X-rays are still used today, however, alternative imaging technologies such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or Computed Tomography (CT) scans are now gaining popularity in the medical community.

Costs

One advantage of X-rays is that they are cheaper than similar medical procedures. If a patient requires a medical scan, an X-ray costs health insurance plans less than a MRI or a CT scan. It is also cheaper for a hospital or a doctor's office to maintain a X-ray machine than an MRI or CT scan machine.

Results

One disadvantage of X-rays is that they do not give detailed images of the body. MRI or CT scans are excellent tools if the doctor is trying to find a medical issue with organs, bone, the brain, and tissues. X-rays do not give any sort of medical data for organs or tissues, only an image of bones. MRIs and CT scans can show far more bone detail than X-rays. For example, a CT scan is capable of creating a 3-D image of bone structures for a doctor while an X-ray creates a 2-D image sheet.

Ease of Use

An advantage to X-rays is that they are easier to use than MRIs or CT scans. Emergency rooms often have portable X-ray machines to help patients coming in. If a patient requires a MRI or CT scan, either an appointment must be set up or the patient must be transported to a hospital that has this technology readily available.

Radiation Exposure

Radiation exposure is probably the biggest concern patients have with X-rays. However, it should be noted that CT scans do utilize the same form of energy to create images. A recent report from New England Journal of Medicine stated that CT scans can also cause increased tissue damage and even cancer when a patient is overexposed over a period of time. MRIs utilize magnetic energy against hydrogen, an element that is predominate in the human body, to create an image. Overall, while X-rays do provide an excellent medical service, exposure to X-rays over a long period of time can lead to tissue damage.

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Salary For A Diagnostic Medical Sonographer In Detroit

A diagnostic medical sonographer is healthcare professional who produces ultrasounds of internal organs to assist physicians in diagnosing and treating patients. These professionals use equipment that creates sound waves to produce images of internal organs that can be recorded or photographed. The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimated average salaries for diagnostic medical sonographers in the Detroit area in May 2009.

Qualifications

Employers prefer diagnostic medical sonographers who have received at least vocational training resulting in a certificate or diploma. Some programs offer associate and bachelor degrees from an educational program accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs.

Salary

In the Bureau of Labor Statistics' Detroit/Warren/Livonia, Michigan, division, there were approximately 790 diagnostic medical sonographers employed. Annual median wages were $57,620, and annual mean wages were $57,550. This compares to national annual median wages of $63,010 and annual mean wages of $63,640.

Percentiles

Among the diagnostic medical sonographers working in the Detroit area, the 25th percentile earned $49,320 per year and the 75th percentile earned $65,370 per year. The 10th percentile earned $43,400 per year, and the 90th percentile earned $73,650 per year.

Hourly Wages

The Bureau of Labor Statistics also estimated hourly wages. Median wages were $27.70 per hour. The 25th percentile earned $23.71 per hour, and the 75th percentile earned $31.43 per hour. The 10th percentile earned $20.86 per hour, and the 90th percentile earned $35.41 per hour.

Tags: percentile earned, diagnostic medical, diagnostic medical sonographers, earned hour, earned year, medical sonographers, percentile earned hour

School Programs For Ultrasound Technicians

Ultrasound technicians attend school to learn use medical imaging equipment.

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) notes that ultrasound technicians, also known as diagnostic imaging sonographers, use equipment that directs sound waves into a patient's body; these sound waves create images that can be used to diagnose medical conditions. Ultrasound technicians should seek out training programs accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs (CAAHEP). In 2008, there were 150 accredited training programs for ultrasound technicians, according to the BLS.

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

The teaching hospital of Harvard University's medical school, Beth Israel Deaconess offers an 18-month, full-time certificate program in diagnostic medical sonography. Students attend class five days per week; the curriculum includes courses in anatomy, foundations of medical imaging, and sonographic physics, along with laboratory simulations. In addition, students complete rotations in specialty areas such as obstetric and pediatric sonography. Applicants should have either an associate degree in an allied-health area, such as nursing, respiratory therapy or occupational therapy, or a bachelor's degree in any subject. Prerequisite courses in algebra, physics and anatomy are required of program applicants, who also submit two references and an essay.

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

330 Brookline Avenue

Boston, MA 02215

617-667-7000

bidmc.org

UC San Diego Medical Center

The diagnostic medical sonography program at UC San Diego Medical Center takes one year to complete and is open to students who have an associate degree in an allied health field or a bachelor's degree in any major. Applicants submit transcripts, three references and a personal statement. Qualified applicants are invited to an interview at UC San Diego Medical Center. The program is competitive; six students, along with three alternates, are selected annually. The classroom portion of the program includes courses in anatomy and pathology as they relate to pelvic, abdominal, head, vascular, obstetrical and small parts sonography. Small parts include the breast, prostate and thyroid. Students spend eight hours in class each week and 32 hours gaining clinical experience at locations throughout San Diego.

UC San Diego Medical Center

Diagnostic Medical Sonography Program

200 West Arbor Drive

San Diego, CA 92064

619-543-6617

ucsd.edu

Miami Dade College

The two-year program in diagnostic medical sonography at Miami Dade College is open to students 18 and older who have a high school diploma or GED. The program consists of general education courses in anatomy, algebra, physics and biology, which must be completed before taking the major courses in imaging principles, film critique and acoustical physics. Students are also exposed to specialty sonography areas such as abdominal, obstetrics and pediatrics. In addition to classes, students are assigned to a Miami-area clinical site to gain direct patient experience.

Miami Dade College

Medical Center Campus

950 NW 20th Street

Miami, FL 33127

305-237-4275

mdc.edu

Lansing Community College

Lansing Community College offers an associate degree in diagnostic medical sonography. The curriculum includes courses in medical terminology and obstetric and abdominal sonography, along with sonographic instrumentation and physics. Student also attend a clinical site for three to five days per week while enrolled in the 15-month, full-time program. Prospective applicants must complete prerequisite courses, such as biology, anatomy and physics in order to be considered for the program. LCC admits 24 to 48 students to the program annually.

Lansing Community College

Diagnostic Medical Sonography Program

Health and Human Services Building

515 North Washington Square

Lansing, MI 48933

517-483-1957

lcc.edu

Tags: Medical Center, Diego Medical, Diego Medical Center, along with, associate degree, Beth Israel

Menopause & Breast Enhancement

Menopause is a natural part of aging for all women. It is defined as beginning 12 months after a woman's final menstrual period and happens on average in the United States at around 51 years of age. Symptoms of menopause can include thinning of the hair, vaginal dryness, hot flashes and loss of breast fullness. Breast-enhancement surgery has become increasingly popular among menopausal women who desire a fuller look to their bustline.

Breast enhancement is a popular procedure among women of all ages.

Types

A number of different types of breast-enhancement procedures are available to menopausal women including breast lift; breast augmentation and breast reduction. Each of these procedures involves surgery and has certain risks associated with them. A woman who is considering breast-enhancement surgery should consult with her personal physician and a qualified plastic surgeon before making a decision to undergo breast-enhancement surgery.

Benefits

Menopause can cause the loss of fullness in a woman's breast, which can affect her self-esteem. Breast-lift surgery combined with breast augmentation with implants can restore a more youthful appearance to the breasts, which may help boost her self-confidence.

Considerations

Some woman respond to menopause by putting on weight. Since the breasts are composed primarily of fatty tissue, it is possible that the breasts will become overly heavy and sag due to weakening of the connective tissues. Breast-reduction surgery coupled with a breast lift can help to reduce the stress placed on the shoulders and back from breasts that are too heavy for a woman's frame.

Effects

Neither menopause nor breast implants have been shown to increase a woman's risk of developing breast cancer. However, the risk of developing breast cancer does increase with age and the ability to detect possible suspicious breast anomalies by mammogram may be impaired by the presence of breast implants. Post-menopausal women who have breast implants should inform radiologists prior to mammograms, so they can take X-rays from a variety of angles to provide the best possible diagnosis.

Warning

Breast-enhancement surgery involves a number of risks including scarring, bleeding, infection and changes in sensation of the breasts and nipples that can be permanent. There is no guarantee that breast-enhancement surgery will last a lifetime. Menopause, weight change and other factors of life can affect the future appearance of the breasts. Because most women are older than 50 when they enter menopause a woman should consider her overall health as an important factor in her decision to have breast-enhancement surgery.

Tags: breast-enhancement surgery, breast implants, appearance breasts, breast augmentation, breast cancer, breast lift

Grow Larger Breasts

Grow Larger Breasts

Many women want to grow or get large breasts. How do you get them? Does exercise really make your boobs bigger? Here are some tips for getting bigger boobs and larger breasts.

Instructions

1. Always wear a bra. The more you wear a bra the more your breasts are supported. They will grow outwards instead of sag. Boobs that grow with support often grow larger than ones without support. This is a good habit if you want large breasts.

2. Exercise does not make your breasts larger. In fact, it may even make them smaller. Boobs are made of fatty tissues and if you do large breast exercises you will lose some of that fatty tissue. Throw this old wive's tale out the window.

3. Gain weight. If you are thin, try gaining weight to make your breasts large. Sometimes women will gain a big amount of weight, then lose it and their breasts will remain large.

4. Breastfeed. If you have a baby or are planning to have children, breastfeeding can cause your boobs to grow and remain large afterwards.

5. Eat foods with high amounts of natural estrogens such as pure soy products and whole grains. This may or may not help. Some say what you eat can have no effect on your breast growth. Others, take estrogen tablets during their late teens and early twenties to help their breasts grow.

Tags: make your, your breasts, Grow Larger, Grow Larger Breasts, large breasts, Larger Breasts, make your breasts

Daisy Head Mayzie Costume Ideas

Wear a daisy on your head for a Mayzie costume.

"Daisy-Head Mayzie" is a Dr. Seuss book about a little girl named Mayzie McGrew. She was a normal little girl until, one day at school, a daisy sprouted from her head, amazing everyone. Daisy-Head Mayzie has blonde hair, wears a pink dress and features a bright yellow daisy coming out of the top of her head. Mayzie costumes should feature her daisy, pink clothes and yellow hair.

Headband

Buy a thick, sturdy headband that is yellow in color, as well as one long-stemmed artificial yellow daisy. Fold the bottom part of the stem around the headband and secure it with a hot glue gun.

Hair

In the story, Mayzie features shoulder-length, blonde hair with bangs. To replicate this look, purchase a blonde wig and cut it to the length of Mayzie's hair. The fuller the hair is, the better able it will be to hide the headband, making it appear as though the flower is sprouting magically from the top of your head.

Dress

Mayzie wears a pink, knee-length dress with short sleeves and buttons in the front. Find a pink dress in the right size and roll up the sleeves if needed. Buttons can easily be added to the front; for a no-sew option, secure the buttons with a hot glue gun. Fasten a light-pink belt around the dress's waist and you're almost ready.

Shoes

Finish your costume with a pair of pink, Mary Jane shoes and white tights. If pink shoes are not available, buy a light-colored fabric shoe and pink fabric dye. Follow the instructions on the dye's packaging to color the shoes bright pink to match the dress.

Tags: blonde hair, Daisy-Head Mayzie, head Mayzie, little girl, pink dress, wears pink

Mayo Clinic'S Pancreatitis Diet

A healthy diet can speed recovery from pancreatitis.

Pancreatitis, or inflammation of the pancreas, is a painful condition that can be triggered by many different factors. Those who suffer from pancreatitis find it necessary to change their eating habits to stay healthy and prevent the development of diabetes. Here are a few dieting tips from the experts at the Mayo Clinic on have a healthy and successful recovery from pancreatitis.

Stop Drinking Alcohol and Smoking

The first two recommendations from the Mayo Clinic are to stop smoking and drinking alcohol, as these are both common causes of pancreatitis and aggravate the condition. If you feel that you need help in stopping either of these behaviors, talk to your doctor for recommendations. There are numerous support groups out there, both in the community and online, that can provide that much-needed boost while you're taking those difficult steps. Certain medicines may be able to assist you in quitting as well.

Choose Foods That Are Low in Fat

The Mayo Clinic suggests that your diet be one that is low in fat, made up mostly of fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains and lean meats. Spinach, blueberries and red grapes are three foods that have been discovered to be most helpful due to their high levels of iron, B vitamins and antioxidants.

Some have found that replacing meat with tofu is a great way to get the necessary protein. In any case, avoid red meats as they are high in fat, as well as sausage, bacon and other high-fat meats. Turkey, chicken, fish and pork are some low-fat alternatives.

Many pancreatitis sufferers have also found that they can't eat most dairy products, due to the high fat content. This includes cheese, butter, cream and milk. Yogurt, on the other hand, can be very helpful if you eat the variety containing live active cultures, or probiotics, which aid in digestion and will help to keep the inflammation of your pancreas down.

Drink Plenty of Water

Those with pancreatitis have a tendency to become dehydrated easily, so make sure you're drinking water throughout the day. According to the experts at the Mayo Clinic, your fluid intake should range between two and three liters daily, depending on your health and whether you're male or female. Their general rule of thumb is as follows: "if you drink enough fluid so that you rarely feel thirsty and produce 1.5 liters (6.3 cups) or more of colorless or slightly yellow urine a day, your fluid intake is probably adequate."

Tags: Mayo Clinic, from pancreatitis, experts Mayo, experts Mayo Clinic, fluid intake, found that, recovery from

Dilation And Evacuation Recovery

A friend's presence at your D and E can provide you much needed support.

Dilation and evacuation is a second trimester procedure, usually performed between 15 and 21 weeks, for an elective abortion, for termination of a pregnancy due to medical reasons or to remove tissue remaining after a miscarriage. Most of the time, doctors perform the approximately 30 minute procedure in a hospital setting. You will be placed under general anesthesia and, if everything goes well, you can usually go home after the staff observes you for one to two hours. Because a D and E is a surgical procedure, which carries the risk of infection and other complications, you should take certain precautions as you recover in the weeks following your procedure.

Instructions

1. Bring someone along to drive you home after the procedure. You should not drive yourself, since the anaesthesia may make you feel nauseated, tired, disoriented and dizzy. Find someone who can stay with you a full 24 hours, until the anaesthetic has time to wear off, if possible.

2. Relax or sleep at home for the rest of the day. Take an over-the-counter painkiller -- such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen -- to relieve any pain or discomfort you feel. Return to your usual activities the next day, or as you feel ready.

3. Keep foreign materials out of your vagina to reduce the risk of infection. Use sanitary pads rather tampons to absorb the light vaginal bleeding or spotting that normally occurs during the first two weeks following a D and E. You may bathe, but don't douche or put any other form of medicine in your vagina. Wait to resume intercourse until your bleeding stops, unless your doctor gives you different instructions.

4. Talk to family members, close friends or a counselor to help you deal with the emotions you may experience after your D and E. The more help you can find while working through the emotions, the faster you can heal and move on.

Tags: home after, risk infection, weeks following, your vagina

Schools Of Dentistry In Malaysia

There are several dental schools in Malaysia.

Malaysia is a nation in southeastern Asia. Kuala Lumpur is both the biggest city and the capital of Malaysia, which consists of 13 states. Malaysia is home to many tertiary institutions of higher learning, including dentistry schools. For individuals in Malaysia who are interested in pursuing careers in the dental field, there are several different schools to consider.

Segi University College

Segi University College is a private institution in Malaysia. Segi University College has a medicine and dentistry school which offers various dental programs, including foundation in science (one year) and certificate in dental surgery assisting (two years) degree programs. The school focuses on providing students with hands-on education and training within a proper dental office. Students need to complete a four-month clinical attachment. The school offers competency courses in subjects such as radiology, oral surgery, orthodontics, implantology, patient management, infection control, geriatric and pediatric dentistry and periodontics. Individuals who complete the dentistry program often move on to careers in government health services, private oral health services, hospitals or dental universities or colleges.

Segi University College

Taman Sains Selangor

Kota Damansara PJU 5

011-6603-6145-2777

segi.edu.my

Universiti Sains Malaysia

Universiti Sains Malaysia is in Kota Bharu in the Kelantan state, in the northeastern portion of peninsula Malasya. It is home to a School of Dental Sciences, which was founded in 1998. The School of Dental Sciences offers both undergraduate and post-graduate degree programs. The undergraduate courses include dental E-learning and DDS (doctor of dental surgery) degrees, while the post-graduate courses include varied topics such as master's degrees in restorative dentistry, pediatric dentistry, maxillofacial and oral surgeries and dental public health. The school also offers dental services.

Universiti Sains Malaysia - School of Dental Sciences

Health Campus

16150 Kubang Kerian

Kelantan, Malaysia

011-609-767-5500

dental.usm.my

Penang International Dental College

Penang International Dental College is a dentistry school in Pulau Pinang, in Malaysia. Penang International Dental College has a motto of "Vision, wisdom and unity" for students following its dentistry programs. The extensive, five-year dentistry program offers courses such as general pathology, general medicine, biochemistry, pedodontics, endodontics, orthodontics, periodontics, prosthetic dentistry, restorative dentistry, human physiology, oral biology and dental therapeutics. All of the classes at the college are conducted in the English language. The school has many facilities, including a polyclinic, oral pathology lab, prosthetic lab, biochemistry laboratory and lecture hall.

Penang International Dental College

Level 19 -21, NB Tower,

5050, Jalan Bagan Luar

12000 Butterworth

Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

011-604-3325050

pidc.edu.my

Tags: Dental College, International Dental, International Dental College, Penang International, Penang International Dental, Segi University, Segi University College

Scientific Method Activities With Beans

The scientific method provides scientists with a road map to complete experiments and satisfy their curiosity about the natural world. The process generates questions and establishes cause-and-effect relationships in nature. The scientific method can be applied to any subject, including beans. Beans provide many different opportunities for research. The scientific method guides students through the experimental process to produce repeatable and reliable results.

Ask a Question

The scientific method begins with a question. This question asked guides the rest of the process, including how the experiment will be set up. A question about beans may be "What soil pH leads to the best bean plant height?" or "What amount of water leads to the highest bean production?"

Do Research

Complete background research on your bean. If you know the bean type, look into the variables your question asks, such as soil pH or the amount of water the plant needs. This information can be found through Internet searches or through resources at the library, such as gardening books. This research provides additional information on where to start the experiment and develop the hypothesis.

Form a Hypothesis

The hypothesis determines how the experiment will be conducted. The hypothesis form is "If _____ [I do this] _____, then _____ [this] _____ will happen." In an experiment involving beans, you might form the hypothesis "If I grow a bean plant in soil with a pH of 6, that plant will grow larger than a bean plant grown in soils with higher or lower pH levels."

Conduct an Experiment

At this point of the scientific method, the experiment has already been designed through completing the previous steps. You have determined what you are testing, such as soil pH and plant height, and have developed a hypothesis as to what you think is going to happen. In the experiment, all variables are kept the same for all experimental groups except the independent variable. The independent variable is the item that is different amongst the groups. In the case of the hypothesis used here as an example, that variable is the pH levels of the soil in which beans are planted. For another hypothesis, it could be the amount of water each plant receives.

Observe and Record Data

Throughout the term of the experiment, you must make close observations and collect data. You will use this data to form the conclusions at the end of the experiment and help determine whether the hypothesis should be accepted or rejected. Data for the bean experiment may include plant heights, number of leaves on the plants or the size of the beans produced, depending on the overall length of the experiment. For example, if the experiment lasts only three weeks, you will not be able to measure bean production, as it will take longer than three weeks for the plants to produce beans.

Draw a Conclusion

Analyze all the data you have collected during the the experiment. Use these results to determine whether the hypothesis put forth should be accepted or rejected. A rejected hypothesis does not invalidate the experiment. Rejection of a hypothesis leads to further learning. Do not go back and change the hypothesis to match your results.

Report Your Results

An important part of any scientific experiment is sharing the results of the experiments. This allows other scientists to attempt to repeat your results or to move on to other subjects, because your experiment has provided a result. The report should list all the steps completed and provide detailed information about the experiment and how the results were measured. Note anything from your data analysis that stood out from the rest of the information. For example, if a bean planted in a soil with a pH of 3 germinated before the other beans in the experiment, write that in the report.

Tags: amount water, bean plant, scientific method, _____ this, _____ this _____, accepted rejected, bean production

Radiology Nursing Schools

Radiologic nurses are qualified to perform MRI tests

Radiologic nurses use ionizing radiation to diagnose and treat injuries and diseases. They work in a clinical or hospital setting performing ultrasounds and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and providing radiation therapy, among other tasks. The Radiologic Nursing Certification Board (RNCB) administers certification tests and credentials for radiologic nurses. Requirements for certification include holding an active registered nurse (RN) license, at least 2,000 hours of radiology nursing practice and 30 contact hours of radiologic-specific education.

Northwestern State University of Louisiana

Northwestern State University of Louisiana offers a 10-semester bachelor's degree program in radiologic science. Courses in the program include patient care, radiologic equipment, special imaging, pathology, chemistry and clinical imaging. Students receive hands-on experience in clinical rotations beginning in the fifth semester, continuing until graduation. Program graduates qualify to sit for the Association for Radiologic Imaging and Nursing examination. The university offers associate's and bachelor's degree programs in nursing that qualify students to take the National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX).

Northwestern State University of Louisiana

Radiologic Sciences Program

1800 Line Ave.

Shreveport, LA 71101

318-677-3100

nsula.edu

St. Francis Medical Center

The St. Francis Medical Center offers a two-year radiologic technology program that includes courses in patient care, medical terminology, radiation physics, radiographic procedures, advanced imaging modalities and a senior seminar. Students have hands-on clinical experience beginning in the first year in the radiology departments at St. Francis Medical Center and St. Mary Medical Center. The college offers a two-year nursing program and a bridge program for licensed practical nurses (LPN) to transition to registered nurses (RN). The two-year program includes courses in psychology, physiology, mathematics, nursing pharmacology and nursing concepts. The 70-credit hour bridge program covers topics in developmental psychology, anatomy, microbiology laboratory and nursing through the lifespan. Students who complete either program may sit for the National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX).

St. Francis Medical Center

601 Hamilton Ave.

Trenton, NJ 08629

609-599-5234

stfrancismedical.com

St. Luke's College

St. Luke's College offers a 77-credit hour program in radiologic technology that includes courses in radiographic procedures, algebra, anatomy, physiology, radiologic physics, radiologic pathology, radiologic pharmacology and general psychology. Clinical practicum courses begin in the first semester giving students hands-on experience throughout the program. The college offers internship opportunities for registered radiologic technologists to pursue advanced designations in computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), sonography and mammography. The school offers a 72-credit hour nursing program that qualifies graduates to take the National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX) to become a registered nurse (RN).

St. Luke's College

2720 Stone Park Blvd.

Sioux City, IA 51104

712-279-3149

800-352-4660 ext. 3149 (toll-free)

stlukescollege.edu

Tags: Medical Center, Francis Medical, Francis Medical Center, Council Licensure, Council Licensure Examination, Examination NCLEX, includes courses