Defend Against A Traffic Ticket

Drivers can take several steps to defend against a speeding ticket.

Receiving a speeding ticket can leave any driver feeling powerless. Even if drivers know that they were not driving over the speed limit, many often decide to simply pay the fine and move on. But there are several ways to defend yourself against speeding tickets. From requesting maintenance records for radar gun equipment to drafting arguments to support your case, drivers can prepare a speeding ticket defense that increases the chances of getting off without a fine or driving record citations.

Instructions

1. Determine the speed limit laws of the state in which you were ticketed. Some states have an "absolute speed limit," which means a driver has broken the law by driving over the speed limit. Other states have a "presumed speed limit" in which the driver can prove that he or she was driving at a safe speed for the road conditions at the time of the ticket. Determining which definition the state in question abides by can make tailoring your defense easier.

2. Prepare your case and your defenses. Attend traffic court hearings similar to your own before your case goes to trial and see which strategies work and which fail. Prepare defenses based on the context of the speeding ticket. If you were in an emergency situation that necessitated speeding, say so. If in a presumed speed limit state, argue that the conditions of the road made it acceptable to exceed the posted speed limit. If you believe you were not going above the speed limit, contest that claim at your trial.

3. Photograph the location in which you were ticketed if you were ticketed by an officer using a radar gun. Often, road obstacles can confuse radar guns. If you can prove that obstacles were obstructing the radar gun's line of sight, you can cast doubt on the radar's speed reading.

4. Request maintenance records for a radar gun if one was used to give you a ticket. If you can prove that the radar gun was poorly maintained or does not function properly, you can possibly win your case.

Tags: speed limit, speeding ticket, your case, prove that, were ticketed, against speeding

Perform A Prostate Exam

If you are a man over 50, a prostate exam is a regular part of your routine medical exam. Your health-care provider may also suggest one if you are experiencing symptoms of prostate cancer, prostate infection or an enlarged prostate. The prostate exam is a simple exam that is often the first sign that something is wrong with your prostate's health. The prostate exam (also sometimes called a digital rectal exam or DRE) can be quickly done with relatively little discomfort.

Instructions

1. Explain the procedure to the patient. Not everyone realizes that you must insert a finger into their rectum to exam their prostate gland. Assure them of that there will be a little discomfort but it will pass quickly. Be sure to remind them that you will be also moving your finger once inside.

2. Put on a sterile latex glove on the hand you intend to use. Use a lubricant on the finger you will be using and also put some on the patient's anal opening.

3. Warn the patient that you will begin. Some health care providers count to three, while others just give the warning. Either way is fine. Slowly insert your finger into the anal opening at a downward angle. Wait until the muscles have relaxed around your finger.

4. Examine the prostate gland, which will be located along the anterior anal wall. Move your finger in a circle motion to get a feel of the size, shape and consistency of the prostate gland.

5. Slowly remove your finger from the anal opening. If you are also performing a rectal exam, you can save the glove for fecal evaluation. If not, then properly dispose of the glove.

Tags: your finger, anal opening, prostate gland, finger into, little discomfort, prostate exam, rectal exam

Old Home Remedies For Cramps

Cramps, which are sudden involuntary muscular contractions or spasms, can be caused by excessive strain, physical exhaustion, cold, menstruation or any other illness. Your shoulders, legs, back and abdominal region are the most prone to cramps. While there are many medicines available at the pharmacy that can provide you relief, there are quite a few old home remedies for cramps.

Aniseed and Caraway

Aniseed and caraway may alleviate the pain and discomfort of cramps. While aniseed can be used as a spice for cooking, a handful of caraway seeds can be boiled in a quart of water to make into a tea.

Chamomile and Ginger

Some potent home remedies for cramps include teas made with a quart of water and either the chamomile flower or ginger. Boil 2 tsp. of dried chamomile flowers or a 2-inch ginger root in water. Drink the concoction. This may aid in reducing inflammation, pain and restlessness associated with cramps. Chamomile tea, taken no less than 5 times daily for a fortnight, may provide pain relief too.

Raspberry and Apple Cider Vinegar

Make a tea made by adding 1 tsp. of red raspberry leaves to a cup of boiling water. Steep for about 10 minutes. Strain the mixture and have twice a day to get relief from leg cramps. You may also take 1 tsp. each of apple cider vinegar and honey and mix it with 1 tbsp. of calcium lactate in half a glass of tepid water. This may aid in relieving the pain associated with cramps.

Massages and Baths

Placing a hot water bottle or a hot pad may on the cramped area may provide some relief. If your legs are cramped, perform stretching excercises to alleviate pain and discomfort. Use essential oils such as rosemary, eucalyptus or lavender to reduce pain. Simply apply the oils to the cramped area of the body and massage the skin. Post massaging, wrap the region in a moist warm towel and keep it undisturbed for half an hour. Hot baths, particularly infused with chamomile tea, may help ease the pain.

Dietary Remedies

Another old home remedy for cramps involves warm milk. Drink a glass of warm milk every night before bed. You could also take two or three bananas each day in order to elevate the potassium levels in your body. A daily dose of honey in a hot cup of tea or coffee should provide natural relief from cramps. On a daily basis, you should try to heighten your consumption of foods like milk and fruits that supply plenty of magnesium and calcium to the body.

Tags: alleviate pain, alleviate pain discomfort, also take, associated with, associated with cramps, cramped area

Oklahoma Medicare Regulations

Medicare is available to the elderly and others in the United States.

Medicare is a health insurance program offered by the federal government in the United States. While some Medicare coverage is regulated by the federal government, there are also Medicare plans that are available through individual insurance companies. Oklahoma's SHIP program is available to ensure you receive the coverage you need.

Parts

The Medicare program has four parts, each of which is designed to meet the needs of different participants. Part A covers inpatient hospitals, nursing facilities, home health care and hospice care. This part is premium-free and the most popular of all plans for Americans older than 65. Part B charges the individual a monthly premium and covers doctor services, outpatient hospital care, emergency room care, durable medical equipment, and a variety of other services. Part C includes Medicare Advantage Plans while Part D includes prescription drug benefits.

Eligibility

Medicare is available to individuals who are 65 years of age or older or who have spent more than 24 months on Social Security disability. Medicare coverage is also available to individuals who have been diagnosed with End-Stage Renal Disease and which require dialysis or kidney transplants.

Medicare Coverage

Medicare gives the participant the ability to choose what type of coverage he would like to receive. The original Medicare program includes Part A and Part B and is run by the federal government. This type of Medicare does not vary from state to state. The original coverage also provides the individual with prescription drugs and Medigap insurance. Medigap is intended to supplement other insurance plans.

If the participant would prefer, she can choose a Medicare Advantage Plan, such as an HMO or PPO provided by private insurance companies who are working through contracts with Medicare. This coverage includes Part A and Part B, but charges and additional coverage can vary based on the insurance company. Finally, there are Medicare Cost Plans, Pilot Programs, and All-Inclusive Care of the Elderly plans that do not fall into either of these categories.

SHIP

Oklahoma's Senior Health Insurance Counseling Program (SHIP) is available to assist in helping you choose the Medicare coverage that is right for you. This program will provide you with basic information about the Medicare system and options that may meet your specific needs. It also discusses gaps in Medicare, such as deductibles, coinsurance, excess charges and non-covered items. SHIP will work with you to provide you with the information you need to obtain proper health insurance.

Tags: federal government, available individuals, choose Medicare, coverage also, health insurance, includes Part, includes Part Part

Silicon Scar Therapy

Scars can be both unsightly and troublesome for many people, and until recently, treatments were limited and produced little success. In 1981, according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine, silicon scar therapy was introduced to treat burn scars. The technology has improved with time, making it an effective treatment option for those suffering from scars. Silicon scar therapy can reduce the appearance of scars and improve healing.

What is silicon scar therapy?

Silicon sheets for scar therapy are made out of medical-grade silicone and have been found to improve the appearance of scars, reduce itching and aid in healing. According to an article entitled "New Silicone Technologies for Applications in Scar Therapy" written for Dow Corning Corp., silicone is believed to mimic the natural healing ability of skin. Silicon scar therapy, used by many doctors and hospitals, is available for home use. The sheets are washable and reusable.

When to Begin Silicon Scar Therapy

According to instructions provided by RecoveryElements.com for silicon scar therapy, it is not recommended to use silicon scar therapy until at least a week after surgery. Once your wound is completely healed and shows no sign of infection or drainage, you may begin silicon scar therapy only under the advice of a healthcare professional. You will see the best results if you wear your silicon scar sheet for at least 12 hours per day for three consecutive months.

Use Silicon Scar Therapy

RecoveryElements.com advises that the silicon scar sheet be gently cleansed with a special cleanser provided with your silicon scar sheet, rinsed with warm water and allowed to dry prior to each use. Apply the sheet with the sticky side toward the skin. Place a finger in the middle of the silicon sheet and gently spread the edges out on the skin.

What causes scars?

When the skin is injured, scar tissue forms as healing begins, resulting in a scar. The size, color and location of the skin injury affect the appearance of the scar, as do the personal characteristics of the person injured (including age and skin color). Scars may diminish in size and color over time and may become less noticeable.

Types of Scars

When a large area of skin is damaged, the scar may result in restricted movement due to involvement of joints, muscles and tendons. These are called hypertrophic scars. A keloid scar is one that may extend beyond the edge of the injury and is generally more thick and discolored. Keloid scars may return and are more noticeable than typical scars.

Tags: scar therapy, silicon scar, scar sheet, silicon scar sheet, appearance scars

Forensic Criminology Schools

Forensic criminologists use science to solve crimes.

A forensic criminologist uses science to help solve crimes. As a forensic criminologist, you may investigate various types of evidence collected from a crime scene, such as hair and fiber traces, fingerprints, bullets and footprints. A forensic criminologist needs to be highly organized, skilled at critical thinking and an effective communicator. If forensic criminologist sounds like the career choice for you, there are schools that offer undergraduate, master's and doctorate programs in the field.

Simon Fraser University School of Criminology

Established in 1975, the Simon Fraser University School of Criminology offers a comprehensive curriculum that focuses on the complex workings of the criminal mind and offers courses in a wide range of topics. Students can choose to concentrate their studies on a number of aspects of the criminology field including law enforcement, research analysis and forensic science. Undergraduate and graduate programs are both available for students of the school.

Simon Fraser University School of Criminology

Burnaby, BC

Canada V5A 1S6

+1-778-782-4277

sfu.ca

Regis University

Regis University offers a Bachelor of Science in criminology through its online program. The online format is perfect for those whose work or home life make it difficult to attend classes in person. Regis University offers a curriculum that covers topics such as nature versus nurture, criminal behavior, ethics and environmental dynamics. Regis University also offers a Master of Science in Criminology for those students who wish to continue their education.

Regis University College for Professional Studies

3333 Regis Blvd.

Denver, CO 80221

800-568-8932

cps.regis.edu

University of Massachusetts Lowell

At the University of Massachusetts Lowell, students can enroll in a certification program in forensic criminology. The graduate-level program is designed for full-time graduate students and professionals seeking certification in this field. The fully online program is open to those who received a baccalaureate degree with a GPA of 2.8 or higher. Available courses include violence in America, forensic psychology, criminological theory and victimology.

University of Massachusetts Lowell

One University Ave.

Lowell, MA 01854

978-934-3224

uml.edu

Tags: Regis University, forensic criminologist, Fraser University, Fraser University School, Massachusetts Lowell, School Criminology

Infrared Thermography Inspection Techniques

Rooftop inspections with infrared thermography detect unseen water damage.

Companies use inspections to identify and diagnose problems as part of their maintenance programs. Preventive maintenance saves money by making repairs before damage that shuts down equipment and production occurs. Infrared thermography inspections utilize images produced by invisible infrared light from thermal sources; the source of the light is the object being inspected. These economical inspections detect unseen problems by utilizing various techniques.

Pulsed Active

Infrared thermography relies upon differences in temperature to produce images. Active techniques refer to the practice of introducing an outside force to create those differences. Pulsed active thermography is an example of this technique; it creates a temporary change in the temperature which can be measured. An example of its use involves the inspection of the insides of pipes for corrosion and other damage that narrows the walls. This technique, known as nondestructive testing, allows the inspector to see the interior without having to damage pipes or walls.

Proximity

It is important to get as close to the object being inspected as possible when using an infrared camera; this means getting as physically close as possible while taking into effect safety concerns. The greater the distance from the object, the more likelihood of an inaccurate reading. Long-distance lenses are used for inspections that preclude close proximity, such as electrical poles. A wide-angle lens is used to inspect large objects.

Weather Adjustments

A variety of weather conditions affect infrared thermography readings; for example, high winds during a roof inspection can obscure the imaging results. Other weather conditions that must be taken into effect include summer sunlight and rain. The inspector must adapt to weather conditions to ensure accurate readings, including avoiding testing during times of rain or waiting for gusts of wind to subside. Avoid testing during times of intense sunlight, such as the middle of the day. Reschedule testing if adjustments to the conditions are not possible.

Equipment Selection

Prior to conducting an infrared thermography inspection the inspector analyzes the job and selects the best equipment unless specific equipment has been requested. Considerations for equipment selection include field of view, color options and physical limitations. Each job has its own set of problems, and the equipment must take those into account. Consideration is also given to accessories like heat shields and special lenses. Proper equipment selection avoids retesting and other delays.

Tags: infrared thermography, weather conditions, being inspected, damage that, detect unseen

Getwell Soon Card Ideas

Deliver the card in person if he's not contagious.

Whether he's sick with a nasty cold or undergoing cancer treatment, sending a get-well card will give your friend or family member at least a few moments of joy. It's fine to buy a card from a store, but you'll need to write a personal message inside that goes beyond signing your name.

Anecdotes

Cheer her up by reminding her of funny memories. Choose a funny story of an experience that you two shared together, starting with "Remember when...." You can also tell a story of something funny that she's missed at work or a party while she's been sick so she won't feel left out. If you have inside jokes together or a shared favorite movie, write out a selection of quotes that she'll enjoy. Laughter may not heal what ails her, but it will make her feel better.

Entertainment

He's probably stuck on the couch and tired of daytime television, so provide him with some entertainment. Print out crossword puzzles, Sudoku puzzles or word jumbles from the Internet. Fold them up and tuck them inside the card. You can also create personalized puzzles just for him. Create a word search that includes his favorite sports teams and names of his close friends. Draw a grid on a piece of graph paper, then write in each word. Fill in the empty spaces with other letters, then write the words that he must find along the side of the paper.

Gift Certificates

When you're sick, it may feel as though you'll never feel good again. Give her something enjoyable to look forward to by slipping a gift certificate inside the card. Buy certificates for manicures and include a note promising that you'll go together as soon as she's better. You can also buy a gift card to the movies or her favorite restaurant. Avoid any passes for specific events, such as sports games or concerts. If she's still sick when the event rolls around, missing it will only make her feel worse.

Make Your Own

If none of the cards at the card shop seem right, make your own. It will not only cheer him up, but remind him how much you care. Fold a piece of colored paper in half, or fold a long piece of paper like an accordion. Glue or tape on pictures of him having fun, or glue on a funny picture like a baby animal looking sad. Write on a caption encouraging him to get well soon.

Tags: inside card, make feel, sick feel, then write, will only

Modeling Schools In Illinois

Modeling schools provide training on become a model. Most schools in Illinois are found in Chicago, as this is where the majority of modeling jobs are located in the state. It is important to understand how modeling schools work as it is not necessary to attend modeling school to become a model. In fact many modeling agencies simply require a few photographs and can judge modeling potential from these photos. However many useful skills are taught at modeling school, skills that can be applied to all aspects of life.

Barbizon School of Modeling

Barbizon school of modeling has headquarters located in Chicago, Illinois. Barbizon is a modeling and acting center that has been in operation for more than 70 years. This school offers training for children and adults in modeling, runway modeling, spokes modeling and photo modeling. They also provide classes for film acting, theater, commercials and television. Expect to learn about social etiquette, job interviewing skills, poise, makeup, posture and communication skills.

John Robert Powers School

The John Robert Powers School teaches modeling, acting or provides the training needed to become more comfortable speaking in public. They have a class titled "The Social Graces" that provides individuals with the self confidence needed to succeed in the public eye. The modeling program provides training on runway modeling, commercial print modeling and fashion modeling. This program is by invitation only and some modeling classes have a height requirement.

Fieldcrest School of Performing Arts

Fieldcrest School in Park Forest Illinois, is a performing arts center. They teach classes in theater, acting, dance, modeling and speaking. Classes during the week occur in the evenings and classes on the weekend are available throughout the day. The modeling classes are available for individuals of all ages. The school offers modeling classes in combination with ballet and tap. Classes last for about an hour with special modeling classes for younger children on the weekends.

N2 Modeling

The number of modeling schools is limited but there are some at home training programs that provide all the information you need to learn be a model. N2 modeling provides five different modeling videos that train you select a modeling agent, choose hair, makeup and wardrobe, different modeling techniques, specific camera techniques and runway techniques. This is an excellent option or those that do not live close to a modeling school or cannot attend classes.

Tags: modeling classes, modeling school, become model, different modeling, Fieldcrest School, John Robert, John Robert Powers

Washington State Health Insurance Companies

Select a health insurer to help with the cost of medical care.

You have several options for health care insurance in Washington State. To select the best option for your family, compare insurance plans and premium rates. In August 2010, the Washington State Insurance Commissioner said that his office intends to use a $1.2 million award "to improve its review of health insurance rates and increase transparency for the public." In keeping with the effort to provide transparency, the commissioner's office stores insurance plans and premium rate comparisons on its website.

Asuris Northwest Health

Serving the eastern Washington community, Asuris Northwest Health offers medical and dental plans for individuals and employers. Offerings for individual health care coverage include "Core", "Plus," "HSA" and "HSA100" plans. Each plan has several deductible options, and the company waives deductible amounts for preventative care in the "Core" and "Plus" Plans. In addition to the standard plans, Asurius offers "Self-Managed" plans for employer--groups. Self-Managed plans provide employee incentives for participation in wellness programs and taking initiatives to improve overall health.

Asuris Northwest Health

P.O. Box 91130

Seattle, WA 98111-9230

866-704-2708

asurisnorthwesthealth.com

First Choice Health

Physicians and hospitals own First Choice Health, a health insurer offering health insurance services and products to Washington and neighboring states since 1985. First Choice Health boasts a large PPO network with over 42,000 credentialed providers. In addition to health promotion services, the company features a complete employee health management program, which consists of medical and disease management, and HAS, FSA and HRA administration for local and regional employer-groups. As a member of First Choice Health, you never need to complete a claim form because, as a PPO network provider, your provider submits your claim information directly to First Choice.

First Choice Health

One Union Square

600 University Street, Suite 1400

Seattle, WA 98101

800-467-5281

fchn.com

Premera Blue Cross

Established in 1998, Premera Blue Cross is a health care coverage and service provider for permanent residents of Washington---except Clark County. As of 2010, Premera's network consists of 100 hospitals throughout Washington and 20,000 health care professionals. The insurer's individual health plan offerings include the "Heritage Protector Plus," "Heritage Value," "Heritage Preferred Plus 30," and "Heritage Preferred Plus 20" plans with services provided by the Heritage network. The "Preferred" plans offer coverage for routine checkups and preventative care, while the "Proctector" plans offer coverage for catastrophic illnesses. The "Value" plans are economical plans offering illness and injury protection but do not have coverage for preventative care. National and international travel insurance options are also available through "BlueCard" program, which allows access to participating Blue Cross providers across the country.

Premevera Blue Cross

P.O. Box 327, MS 254

Seattle, WA 98111-0327

800-722-5561

premevera.com

Tags: First Choice, Choice Health, First Choice Health, Blue Cross, health care, Asuris Northwest

Breast Infection Symptoms

A breast infection occurs in the tissue of the breasts called the parenchymal tissue. It is usually caused by a bacteria called staphylococcus auereus, which means it is a type of staph infection. Staph bacteria are found on normal skin, but if they multiply too much due to an immune system deficiency, or enter through the skin of the breast into the tissue, they can cause an infection. Often, women who are breastfeeding will get a breast infection due to cracks and breaks in the nipples caused by nursing. There are many potential symptoms of breast infections, and many breast infections will clear up on their own. But see your doctor immediately if you suspect an infection.

Breast Pain

Breast pain or discomfort is one of the most common symptoms of a breast infection. This is caused by an excess of the staph bacteria in the tissue, which pushes on the milk ducts. The pain may be simple discomfort, or it may be accompanied by tenderness when you touch the breast, as well as warmth in the breasts. The pain may also be accompanied by itchiness in the breasts.

Lump or Swelling

A breast infection may also cause a lump or swelling in the breast. The lump may be painful. The swelling may be confined to one side of the breast only. In addition, the swelling and lump may be accompanied by redness. Breast lumps can also be indicative of breast cancer, but cancerous lumps usually do not have associated pain and swelling. The exception to this is a rare form of breast cancer, called inflammatory breast cancer, which may result in swelling of the breast and breast pain. If you are experiencing a lump accompanied by swelling and pain, the best course of action is to consult your doctor, who can tell you whether the symptoms are caused by a breast infection or breast cancer.

Nipple Symptoms

Breast infections can also cause symptoms associated with the nipple. If the sensation or texture of the nipple changes, it may be a sign of a breast infection. If you experience unusual discharge from the nipple, that also may be a sign of a breast infection. This unusual discharge may be clear or it might contain pus. Discharge from the nipple is also a sign of inflammatory breast cancer, as well as of a breast infection, so it is essential to visit a doctor.

Cracks and breaks in the nipple are also one of the causes of breast infections, in addition to one of the symptoms. If you notice cracks and breaks, this may indicate that you are susceptible to a breast infection or that your other symptoms are caused by an infection.

Other Signs of Infection

The lymph nodes under the arm may become enlarged, swollen or tender. The lymph nodes, called the axillary lymph nodes, are located near the breast under the armpit. The affected lymph nodes will be on the same side as the infected breast. You can usually feel and/or see the enlarged lymph nodes.

A breast infection may also be accompanied by a persistent, low-grade fever.

Diagnosis/Treatment

Breast infections are common in breastfeeding women, and so no tests may be necessary if you have an infection while breastfeeding. However if you are not breastfeeding, or your infection persists, tests may be required to diagnose the breast infection and rule out more serious illness. Tests include a mammogram or a biopsy to test for potential cancerous cells.

A breast infection is treated by applying heat to the breast for fifteen to twenty minutes four times daily. The heat should be a moist heat. Your doctor may also prescribe antibiotics. If you are breastfeeding, you may be encouraged to pump breast milk instead of allowing your child to nurse, until the infection is resolved.

Tags: breast infection, breast cancer, lymph nodes, also accompanied, also cause, also sign

Radiology Tech Certification

A U.S. federal law mandates that every radiology tech working in the country receive a state-issued license before working with patients. In addition to this mandatory licensure, technicians also have the option to pursue certification in the field.

Organization

The American Registry of the Radiologic Technicians (ARRT) has served as the certification body for the field of radiologic technology since 1922. Since that time, the ARRT has certified approximately 300,000 technicians, according to the ARRT's official website in March 2010.

Types

Radiology techs can seek certification in a number of fields, including radiography, nuclear medicine, radiation therapy, magnetic resonance imaging, sonography, cardiovascular-interventional radiography, mammography, bone densitometry and vascular sonography.

Requirements

To qualify for radiology tech certification, candidates must complete an ARRT-approved education program in the field of radiology technology in which they want to become certified. Technologists must also pass a criminal background check and successfully complete a written computer-based examination.

Benefits

Employers often prefer to hire radiology techs who hold certification, explains the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Some may even require the credential for employment.

Continuation

To maintain certification, radiology technicians must take 24 hours of continuing education every two years, reports the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Tags: Bureau Labor, Bureau Labor Statistics, Labor Statistics, radiology tech

About The Importance Of Radiology

About the Importance of Radiology

Radiology uses medical imaging technology to diagnose and treat medical conditions. Radiology has been used for medical purposes for over a century and remains a cornerstone of the medical field. Electromagnetic energy produces visible images that are then read and interpreted by radiologists. Physicians use the information gained through radiological imaging to diagnose, treat and monitor injuries and diseases. Cancer and other medical conditions are also treated with radiological technology through the use of concentrated radiation doses.

Invented

Radiology began with the invention of the X-ray machine in 1895. Though before this date others had seen x-ray images, Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen of Germany was the first to recognize the importance of the images he saw. Roentgen discovered the x-ray by accident while performing experiments with vacuum tubes. The first x-ray picture ever was taken of his wife's hand just a few weeks later. In 1901, Roentgen won the Noble Prize for Physics for his work on the x-ray machine. Today, he is considered the father of modern diagnostic radiology.

History of

Since Roentgen's discovery of the x-ray in 1895, the field of radiology has greatly evolved. Very quickly after the invention of the x-ray, radiation began being used for cancer therapy. For the first 50 years of radiology, the x-ray, or plain radiography, was the only type of radiology available. In the 1930s, tomography, which allows picture of small slices of the body to be photographed, was developed. Tomography was the main pillar of diagnostic radiology until 1972 when Sir Godfry Hounsfield of Great Britain invented computer tomography (CT) imaging. Ultrasound technology became available around the same time providing 2-D images, and, eventually 3-D images. Radiological imaging is constantly evolving as computer technology advances. Teleradiology, the transmission of radiological images from one place to another, allows images taken one place to be read by a radiologist is another. This new technology allows physicians to get consultations from radiologist specializing in a certain conditions.

Benefits

Radiology provides many benefits for patients and physicians. Basic radiology, like x-rays, allow physicians to see bones and surrounding body parts in order to make a diagnosis, watch the progression of an injury or illness, and guide procedures. Other radiological equipment such as CT scans, MRIs and ultrasounds allows physicians to see body tissue in real time. Pictures from CT scans and MRIs can be used to diagnose problems with brain or joint tissues. Ultrasounds are commonly used to monitor pregnancy, but can also be used as a diagnostic tool. A major benefit of radiology is that the procedures do not typically involve much risk. They are relatively painless, fast and non-invasive.

Risk Factors

While radiology is relatively safe, there are certain risk factors that accompany all medical procedures. Radiology involves the use of radiation, and therefore, has risk associated with exposure to radiation. Rarely, this exposure can lead to cancer. The risk of developing cancer from a radiology procedure is very small since the amount of radiation a person receives during a procedure is small compared to the amount of radiation a person receives each year from the sun and particles in the soil. Some procedures, such as MRIs, require a person to be in a confined space. Rarely, claustrophobia prevents a person from being able to finish the procedure. All radiation procedures can be more dangerous for women who are pregnant. Fetuses can suffer illness and deformity if exposed to excess radiation. Any woman who believes she might be pregnant should tell her physician before undergoing a radiological procedure.

Type

Radiology is divided into two fields: diagnostic and therapeutic radiology. Diagnostic radiology is used to diagnose conditions and utilizes many different forms of imaging. This form of radiology helps doctors to diagnose and treat conditions by allowing them to look inside the human body. Therapeutic radiology is a separate field which utilizes radiology for to help treat cancer and other medical conditions. This form of radiology can help treat and even cure various forms of cancer. It is also used to treat medical conditions where the immune system attacks the body.

Tags: medical conditions, diagnose treat, About Importance, About Importance Radiology, allows physicians, also used

Obstetric Ultrasound Schools

Obstetric Ultrasound Schools

Diagnostic medical sonographers produce visual images of blood flow, body organs, tissues and fetuses using high frequency ultrasound waves to identify abnormalities. These college trained and licensed practitioners perform obstetric ultrasounds. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, diagnostic medical sonographers earned a median annual salary of $61,980 in 2008.

Kettering College of Medical Arts

The Kettering College of Medical Arts offers a bachelor's degree in Sonography/Ultrasound. Students can complete the 133 semester credit program in 4 years with full-time attendance. The obstetrics portion of the training takes place in the fourth year of the program. The degree prepares students to work in a sonography lab setting, as well as in supervisory roles. Applicants to the program must complete 32 prerequisite credit hours during their freshman year in anatomy, physiology, physics, Biblical resources to understand health care, patient care, medical terminology, college-level math and English. A 3-year associate's in Medical Sonography covers gynecological sonogrophy in the second year and obstetrical sonogrophy in the third.

Kettering College of Medical Arts

3737 Southern Blvd.

Kettering, OH 45429

937-395-8601

1-800-433-5262 (toll-free)

kcma.edu

Lancaster General College

Lancaster General College offers a diploma and a 2-year associate's degree in Diagnostic Medical Sonogrophy. Completion of the degree program qualifies candidates to take the obstetrics and gynecology certification examination from the American Registry of Diagnostic Medical Sonographers. Courses in obstetrics will cover identify normal and abnormal conditions in the first trimester, anatomy throughout pregnancy and abnormalities throughout pregnancy. Students will receive hands-on experience under the supervision of a physician at Lancaster General Hospital.

Lancaster General College

410 N Lime St.

Lancaster, PA 17604

1-800-622-5443 (toll-free)

lancastergeneralcollege.edu

University of Miami

Students pursuing the OB/GYN program at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of Miami have various opportunities to receive hands-on training in obstetric ultrasound. The school operates two diagnostic ultrasound clinics that perform routine ultrasounds, detailed ultrasounds to detect abnormalities and monitor high risk pregnancies, nuchal translucency to identify Down's Syndrome and doppler studies to view the brain, arteries and umbilical cord. Medical students at the college may apply for an observership rotation, a residency at Jackson Memorial Hospital, the country's third-largest teaching hospital. Through the Ryan Residency, students may take a six-week assignment in family planning and abortion. The core clerkship in obstetrics and gynecology features a six-week rotation using a birthing simulator and pelvic model for training.

University of Miami

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Administrative Office

1611 NW 12 Ave.

Holtz Center, Suite 3003

Miami, FL 33136

305-585-5130

ob-gyn.med.miami.edu

Tags: Lancaster General, College Medical, College Medical Arts, General College, Kettering College, Kettering College Medical

What Is Asymmetric Breast Tissue

What Is Asymmetric Breast Tissue?

A woman is often alarmed upon hearing she has asymmetric breast tissue. The term is the result of medical equipment becoming more sophisticated and distinguishing differences among breasts that may be harmless. It always warrants further investigation, however.

Appearance

Breasts tend to be fairly symmetrical in fibroglandular (or nonfat) tissue, but occasionally they differ slightly.

Feeling

One breast may feel different or thicker than the other breast, but a person performing a self-exam may not notice any difference.

Mammogram

Other than the person themselves, the mammogram is the first device to pick up whether moderate to suspicious asymmetry requires more testing.

Ultrasound

Women who have had a mammogram may be referred for an ultrasound, which enables doctors to detect whether any solid masses are causing the asymmetry.

Biopsy

If an ultrasound detects solid masses, your doctor will refer you to a specialist who will obtain tissue samples via a core needle biopsy to determine if the mass is benign or malignant.

Increased risk

Calcifications, underlying masses, or architectural distortion, which is a change in a breast's shape and structure, indicate a greater probability of malignancy when associated with asymmetric breast tissue.

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Clean Endocavity Transducers

Medical personnel often use endocavity transducers.

An endocavity transducer is a type of medical equipment. This piece of equipment is generally used during noninvasive, outpatient medical procedures. It allows physicians and other medical professionals to see within cavities of the human body to get a closer look at areas such as the prostate or the bladder neck. Specific instructions from medical professionals and hospital personnel should always be followed when cleaning an endocavity transducer. However, there are some general cleaning guidelines that you can follow.

Instructions

1. Remove the endocavity transducer from the rest of the powered system.

2. Use a paper towel to remove any gel that remains on the endocavity transducer from the previous procedure.

3. Wipe the cable of the endocavity transducer using a damp cloth.

4. Use an enzymatic cleaner to wipe down the endocavity transducer and the cord. This breaks down the protein left on the transducer after endocavity procedures.

5. Submerge the endocavity transducer in a glutaraldehyde-based disinfectant. This will disinfect the surface so the transducer will be ready to use on the next patient. Continue soaking for as long as the manufacturer of the glutaraldehyde-based disinfectant recommends.

6. Rinse the transducer and cord with plain water. Dry with paper towels.

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Definition Of A General Practitioner

A general practitioner (GP) is a medical professional that provides primary care, specializing in family medicine. General practitioners perform routine examinations and deal with basic and multiple health issues. These doctors also treat acute and chronic illnesses.

Origins

The general practitioner term is common for a family doctor in the United States. The word physician is often reserved for certain medical specialists, such as in the internal medicine arena. Historically, it was not until the 1970s that family medicine (family practice) became a recognized specialty in the U.S.

Education

Generally, four years of undergraduate college followed by four years of medical school are required, after which a year of internship commences.

Licensing

In the United States and many other countries, all medical practitioners must hold a license to practice medicine. Medical practitioners must complete a three-to ten-year residency in order to practice medicine in the state where they are licensed.

Board Certification

After a medical practitioner specializing in family medicine completes a residency, he or she is eligible for board certification. The American Board of General Physicians certifies the quality of physicians completing a course of study and practice. Doctors Board Certified by the American Board of General Practice are accepted in large, small and community based hospitals, as well as medical centers.

Professional Organizations

The American Academy of General Physicians (AAGP) is the only national academic professional association of general practitioners, founded in 1995. The organization actively trains and educates physicians with a specific knowledge base through the American College of General Medicine.

Continued Education

The board certification process changed between 2003 and 2009 for family medicine. All American Specialty Boards require a continuous series of competency tests on a yearly basis. The American Board of Family Medicine also requires participation in learning and self assessment on a continuous basis for enhanced clinical expertise.

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Canine Cataract Surgery

Keep your canine healthy

With its high success rate and lack of complications, canine cataract surgery is a highly gratifying option for the concerned dog owner. Adhering to the pre-surgery and post-op care guidelines will help ensure your pet's full recovery.

Definition of a cataract

A cataract is a vision impairment caused by clouding in the eye's lens. The extent of the clouding determines whether the dog experiences partial or full blindness.

Underlying causes

A cataract will not reoccur once removed, but often cataracts are a sign of an underlying illness such as diabetes. However, the most common cause of cataracts is heredity.

Lens replacement surgery

Once a cataract has developed, surgery is generally the only option for removing it. The veterinary surgeon replaces the cloudy lens with an artificial lens. Experienced surgeons report success rates of 85 to 95 percent, although they cannot restore perfect vision with an artificial lens.

Preparing for surgery

Pre-op preparation usually includes administering eye drops and acclimating the dog to the protective cone collar, as well as blood tests that determine the dog's fitness for general anesthesia.

Post-op care

Following the one-hour surgery, the dog goes home the same day but makes several follow-up visits in the following days and months. Eye drops continue for several weeks, as does wearing the cone collar. Exercise and barking are minimized, to allow the eye an undisturbed environment in which to heal.

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The Advantages Of Being An American Medical Technologist

Certified American Medical Technologists receive many benefits.

American Medical Technologists is a professional membership society and certification body started in 1939 for allied health professionals in the areas of medical and dental office technology, laboratory technology and allied health instruction. Allied health members are automatically members and receive member benefits once they are certified as an American Medical Technologist. Member benefits include continuing education opportunities, awards and scholarships, career assistance and keeping current resources.

Continuing Education

American Medical Technologists (AMTs) have a variety of opportunities for continuing education and networking. There is an annual national convention where members can participate in educational sessions to earn continuing education credits and attend social events where members can meet to network. The AMT state societies also provide seminars and meetings for educational and networking purposes. The society's "Journal of Continuing Education Topics & Issues" is used in the STEP online continuing education program, where members read the articles and take a short test for a fee. There are also specific Continuing Education Modules that can be completed for a fee as well.

Awards and Scholarships

The AMT presents awards to members who have made a difference in their fields or through AMT. These awardees are announced at the national convention, and their names are printed in "AMT Events," a publication that keeps members current in their fields. The AMT Writing Awards Program presents $100 and $150 awards for feature and technical writing within the allied health professions.

One annual $2,500 scholarship and three $1,500 scholarships are given to individual members who are in good standing, are enrolled in a regionally accredited college or university program with the same professional areas served by AMT and who can outline career goals and demonstrate financial need. Applications and required supporting materials must be submitted by April 1 of each year.

AMT Career Connection

AMT also provides career assistance in the form of a database where members can download their resumes and search for jobs in the allied health professions. Members can set up a database profile, job alerts, keep track of their resumes, job search and conferences attended as well as sign up for newsletters. Members who are already employed can post positions for other AMT members in the Career Connection database. Other career resources include articles on the job search and work issues.

Keeping Current Resources

The AMT provides more than continuing education to keep its members up to date. Members of the AMT keep current on AMT events by taking on leadership roles in AMT committees and boards on the national and state levels. They can also contribute to and receive a copy of "AMT Events," which lists the society's news, legislative changes and allied health professions news.

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Senior Adult Social Activities

Seniors benefit from social interactions.

Even though they are not working a typical "9 to 5" job, seniors still like to stay active during the day and socialize with their friends. Social activities in a senior's life helps reduce the risk of depression and, according to the Vancouver Sun newspaper, can help a senior sleep better. Check with your local senior center or parks and recreation district office to see what your community offers those who are 60 years and up.

Wii Competitive Sports

The Nintendo Wii is not just for the younger crowd. SeniorAdvocateNews.com reports this video game console has gained popularity among seniors all over the U.S. Seniors even have planned video game nights centered on the Wii and its interactive, simulated games. The Wii offers seniors a chance to exercise and play sports with their friends without the risk of sports injuries. Senior centers across the nation are even beginning to offer Wii Sports classes so the senior students can get in on the action. The most popular social Wii games are the bowling and golf games, which even have their own virtual leagues and teams that can be registered through the National Senior League.

Crafting for a Cause

Senior groups throughout the country have formed crafting groups through their senior centers or churches that meet on a weekly basis to create handmade items for a cause. Women might lend their quilting or knitting expertise to make blankets or sweaters for a local homeless shelter, local teen parents or to comfort those diagnosed with a serious disease. Senior men hold workshops to teach youth and young adults work with their hands, make woodcraft items, and learn do basic repairs. In addition, the items created during these crafting get-togethers may be sold at bazaars to raise money for a charity.

Game Nights

The classic game night has not lost popularity among seniors. The most popular games include BINGO, Bunko, bridge, poker, canasta, cribbage, pinochle, Scrabble, Hand and Foot, dominos, Pit and Maj Jong. Game nights usually take place at senior centers, a church, club halls or at a person's home---and most gaming groups welcome new participants. Some gaming groups even have potluck dinners so there is a mix of fellowship, socializing and healthy competition. Regularly scheduled game nights give seniors an activity to look forward to and a chance to catch up with their friends.

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Jobs In Ultrasonography

An ultrasound machine creates images of structures inside the body.

Ultrasonography, also known as sonography, is a medical procedure that uses high- frequency sound waves to display an image that helps to inform a diagnosis. An ultrasound technician is a medical professional who uses ultrasound machines to diagnosis and evaluate conditions inside the patient's body. Ultrasound technicians receive either an associate's or bachelor's degree in ultrasonography, and most ultrasound technicians have jobs in a particular specialty area.

Obstetric and Gynecologic Ultrasound Technicians

Obstetric and gynecologic ultrasound technicians specialize in the female reproductive system. Ultrasonography for pregnant women involves monitoring fetal development, while ultrasound technicians monitor women who are not pregnant for abnormalities in the uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes.

Sonomammographers

Ultrasound technicians may also use sonography to detect breast cancer as a supplement to traditional mammography. Sonomammography is used to evaluate breast tissue and is commonly used to diagnose breast cancer through tumor tracking and monitor blood flow. According to the American College of Radiology and the Radiological Society of North America, research suggests that ultrasound technology can help to identify smaller tumors that might be missed in a standard mammogram.

Vascular Sonographers

Vascular ultrasound technicians assist doctors in evaluating cardiovascular, peripheral and abdominal blood vessels. Cardiac sonographers examine the heart chamber, vessels and valves by analyzing the image, which is called a cardiogram.

Abdominal Sonographers

Abdominal sonographers evaluate the inner abdominal organs, including the liver, pancreas, kidneys, urinary tract, gallbladder and spleen. They may also monitor abdominal soft tissue and blood vessels.

Ophthalmological Sonographers

Ophthalmological sonographers evaluate eye tissue. Sonographers in this specialty area assist in prosthetic lens insertion, monitor retina separation, track tumors and monitor blood supply.

Neurosonographers

Neurosonographers use ultrasound technology to evaluate a patient's brain and nervous system, especially in pediatric patients. Neurosonographers are trained on special ultrasound equipment that uses different frequencies and beams to evaluate abnormalities. They are also trained to scan blood vessels in cases of possible stroke or sickle cell anemia.

Tags: blood vessels, ultrasound technicians, breast cancer, monitor blood, sonographers evaluate

Prepare For Lumpectomy Surgery

Preparing yourself for a lumpectomy is simply a matter of following pre-surgery instructions from your doctor. These instructions, to be followed in the days and weeks leading up to surgery, are to make sure you do not have any problems while in surgery, and to ensure a comfortable experience. Some patients will go home the same day, but most are asked to stay overnight at the hospital.

Instructions

Preparation

1. Stop taking a vitamin E supplement two weeks before the surgery (though a multivitamin with vitamin E in it is fine). A vitamin E supplement may have blood-thinning effects, especially in conjunction with aspirin products.

2. Stop taking any aspirin products 10 days before the surgery (though Tylenol is still allowed). Aspirin must not be taken because it may cause you to bleed easier.

3. Do not eat or drink anything past midnight the night before the surgery, but continue to take your regular medications.

4. Bring comfortable clothing on the day of the surgery. A loose-fitting or zip-up top is recommended.

5. Bring a sports bra and personal-care items, such as a toothbrush and toothpaste, with you in case you need to stay overnight.

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Prognosis For Liver Metastasis

Prognosis for Liver Metastasis

When cancer has metastasized, the outlook for the patient is generally not good. Liver metastasis means cancer has spread from one part of the body to the liver by cancer cells that have floated through the bloodstream.

Identification

The prognosis for metastasis to the liver depends largely on where the cancer originated. Cancer can spread to the liver from the breast, colon, esophagus, lung, skin, pancreas and stomach.

Significance

Prognosis also depends on how much the cancer has affected the liver. According to National Institutes of Health (NIH), in a small number of cases, surgically removing the liver can cure the cancer.

Treatments Affecting Prognosis

Certain treatments can be effective at easing the symptoms of cancer, even though most of the time they won't cure it. Treatment options include chemotherapy, surgery or radio-frequency waves to kill the tumors.

Consideration

Surgery will not cure the cancer if the liver has certain types of tumors or too many tumors.

Most Likely Prognosis

Most people with liver metastasis will eventually die from the disease. Treatment, however, can help extend lives and ease the symptoms of the cancer.

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Do I Have To Enroll My Family In Medicare Part B If I Am Retired Military Over 65

Before the system was changed in 2001, military retirees at age 65 were dropped from any military-provided health insurance program and were covered only by Medicare. Now TRICARE, the health plan for military members, dependents and retirees, coordinates with Medicare to cover the health care expenses of retired military members.

Enrolling in Medicare

Medicare does not offer family coverage. Medicare is federally-funded health coverage for individuals age 65 and over and those with qualifying medical conditions. Retirees who want Medicare Part B coverage at age 65 must enroll during the initial enrollment period in the three months prior to their 65th birthday. A husband and wife will enroll separately based on the date of their 65th birthdays. Late Medicare Part B enrollment is open during the first three months of each year, with Part B coverage taking effect on July 1 of that year.

Military Retiree Insurance

Military active duty personnel and retirees can enroll in the TRICARE program for health insurance coverage at civilian medical facilities. A military member can retire after 20 years of service and may be younger than age 65. At 65 the retiree becomes eligible for Medicare, and the TRICARE coverage will convert to TRICARE For Life (TFL).

TRICARE For Life Eligibility

The 2011 Medicare Handbook states that a military retiree must be enrolled in Medicare Part B at age 65 to maintain TRICARE For Life coverage. Military members age 65 or older on active duty do not have to enroll in Part B until they retire. For retired military members, TRICARE coverage after age 65 is dependent on the retiree being enrolled in Part B. If the retiree's spouse is over 65, she must also be enrolled in Part B.

TRICARE Function

After age 65, military TRICARE coverage becomes secondary to Medicare. Health care bills are first paid by Medicare, then TRICARE pays the balance of the incurred charges. TRICARE is electronically linked to Medicare; so once Medicare pays its portion, any bill is forwarded to TRICARE. Medicare Parts A and B, plus TRICARE For Life, should pay all covered medical costs for a military retiree.

Tags: Medicare Part, TRICARE Life, military members, TRICARE coverage, active duty

Pay For Chemotherapy

Pay for Chemotherapy

Patients commonly pay for chemotherapy through private health insurance or through plans like Medicare Part B. Insurance plans don't always cover the entire cost of chemotherapy though, so it's important to find out which costs you must assume.

Instructions

Pay for Chemotherapy Through Insurance

1. Find out from your insurance company whether your proposed chemotherapy treatment regimen will be covered. You will need information from your doctor on what drugs will be used, how long they will be used, how they will be administered and whether they will be administered in a hospital or in an outpatient facility.

2. Find out if you are eligible for Medicaid. In certain instances, Medicaid can help people in financial need pay for chemotherapy. If you suspect that you may need assistance through Medicaid, contact your local government social services office soon after you are diagnosed with cancer.

3. Follow up with your insurance company. If your insurance company initially denies a claim or indicates it will not pay for your treatment, ask your doctor to provide the company with evidence that the treatment is effective for your type of cancer. If you are persistent, your insurance company may eventually agree to pay.

4. Seek safety in numbers. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States annually, and it has affected millions of people throughout the country. Groups like the American Cancer Society (see Resources below) act as advocates for cancer patients, and the organization can provide you with information on coping with the financial effects of cancer.

Utilize Other Resources

5. Investigate clinical trials. Clinical trials test the newest forms of cancer care and are occasionally free. Be aware, though, that your insurance company may not cover any costs you do incur during the clinical trial.

6. Ask your treatment provider or a social worker for referrals to resources that could help you pay for some of the out-of-pocket expenses associated with chemotherapy.

7. Consider changing your lifestyle to pay for deductibles, such as cutting back on incidental expenses.

8. Ask your employer about assistance plans. You may be able to borrow money against a retirement plan, utilize extra sick days or qualify for special employee-only loans or benefits.

9. If you have financial concerns, ask your hospital or treatment provider for information on their social services. Social services can often direct you to support services or resources that provide financial aid.

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Donate Clothing For Cancer Research

If you have a lot of clothing you no longer wear, don't throw it out. As long as the clothing is in good condition, a charity can benefit from it. Instead, organize the clothing and plan to donate the lot to a charity that supports cancer research.

Instructions

1. Go to the Cancer Research UK website. On this website, you'll find out how you can donate your clothing to support their cause.

2. Click on the "Shopping" link. You'll find information on dropping off your clothing and where the money from the sale of your clothing will go.

3. Put your donated clothing in shopping bags. After you read about donating clothing for cancer research, you'll want to prepare your lot. Check each clothing piece to make sure they are in good condition and then fold the clothes in neat piles. Place them in shopping bags in preparation of donating them to a shop.

4. Find a Cancer Research shop. Throughout the world, you can find different Cancer Research store locations. Go on the Cancer Research website to locate different area shops. Support the cause by dropping off your items at the shop.

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About Cna Educational Requirements

The CNA course is a fast track into the medical field. There are many opportunities to learn and grow into different facets of the medical field once you have established the basics.

Become A CNA

There are two ways to get certified as a CNA. You can choose a technical college or a facility for training. If you choose a technical college, you will pay around $500 for this two part course, and you will have to scour the city for a job upon completion of studies. The second way is to choose a facility that you would like to work at and inquire about the course. Whether at a hospital or nursing home, you may be fortunate enough to find a facility that offers an in-house training class. These classes will cover the same subjects, and they will allow you a wage while you learn. Upon graduation, you will have a job within the facility and can begin your care giving career.

Skills

Your two-part course will consist of a study and learn segment, and a hands on segment called "clinicals." The study segment will offer an array of basic knowledge about diseases, and you will learn exciting facts like: the common symptoms of diabetes and what constitutes a healthy diet. In the clinical course, you will practice placing bed pans, repositioning bed bound patients and checking vital signs. You will learn range of motion techniques, and transfer with a gait belt.

Certification

When you have exercised all the essentials of the CNA role, you will take the state test. Passing this test secures you a place on the state registry, and you will receive a certification card.

CEU's (Continuing education credits)

Now that you are a certified CNA, you will need to maintain your certification by completing a required amount of continuing education classes. These classes must total twelve hours per year, and they are usually an overview of what you already know. They could also be a chance to learn about new treatments and practices in the health care industry. You can use these courses to expand your knowledge, by delving into the study of unfamiliar diseases, or refresh your area of expertise by reviewing skills. Your facility will provide you with opportunities to learn--offering meetings, tutorials and study packets that you may peruse in your spare time. Whichever method you choose, continuing education is mandatory for maintaining your certification.

Final Maintenance

Every year you will need to update your status as a CNA. You will receive a letter by mail asking you to prove employment. Simply turn in this paperwork to your human resources department or supervisor, and he will verify your employment. A few weeks later, you will be re-added to the state registry and receive a new certification card. If at some point you decide to take a sabbatical--maybe becoming a stay at home mom or just taking a turn on your career path--you will need to practice and report at least eight hours of CNA employment to the state in a two-year time frame.This is necessary for staying on the registry and maintaining your certification. If you opt to steer clear of your role for a solid two years--you will be removed from the registry, and unable to perform your certified role without renewing your credentials.

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North Carolina Universities That Have Medical Technology

Four North Carolina universities have programs in medical technology.

Clinical laboratory scientists, also known as medical technologists, are the white-coat associates who perform and analyze laboratory tests. The results are crucial in diagnosing, monitoring and treating medical problems. Those who seek this technical career must obtain training and legal certification. Several universities in North Carolina offer degree programs in medical technology.

East Carolina University

East Carolina University's College of Allied Health Services in Greenville offers a bachelor's degree program in medical technology. The pre-professional portion includes general studies and a high-level concentration of courses in biology and chemistry; the professional phase includes lectures, management techniques and clinical study. According to the school's website, student laboratories require work in, "hematology, clinical chemistry, microbiology and immunohematology." Upon completion of the program, graduates are fully certified to work in a hospital or any other laboratory setting, and after two years of field work, they are eligible to assume supervisory roles.

Elon University

Elon University is located in the town of Elon, and it offers a health professions program in medical technology that prepares students for entry into this medical field. A Bachelor of Science degree in Medical Technology consist of 40 to 44 semester hours of study and course work, which takes three years as well as completion of a full year's clinical curriculum. Seven courses in biology, five in chemistry and three in physics are required as well as classes and labs in other sciences. The clinical program occurs at the school's affiliated hospital. According to the school website, "Admission to the affiliated program is competitive and based on overall GPA, evaluation by faculty and personal interviews."

Fayetteville State University

Fayetteville State University in Fayetteville, offers a Bachelor of Science degree with a concentration in medical technology.The curriculum includes completion of basic undergraduate requirements in liberal arts plus a science concentration, particularly in biology, of 39 semester hours. In addition, graduates must complete the clinical portion, which consists of 32 semester hours, and this part of the program occurs at a hospital-based location. The university's website states that, "Satisfactory completion of the twelve-month clinical training phase qualifies students to take the national examination of the Registry of Medical Technologists of the American Society of Clinical Pathologists." Passing this exam allows for certification in all states.

Lenoir-Rhyne University

Lenoir-Rhyne University, in Hickory, has small class sizes of less than 20, which allows for personal instructional attention; this includes those who major in medical technology, which is part of the biology department. The required courses provide the fundamentals of biology and chemistry; they are followed by a year of clinical study. Students who complete the degree program, according to the university's website, have the," basis to understand both theory and application of medical laboratory procedures and are capable of teaching, supervising and performing complex laboratory tests."

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What To Expect After Lasik

LASIK (laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis) is a procedure that reshapes the cornea to improve vision. Ideally, LASIK surgery eliminates the need for contact lenses or glasses. According to the Mayo Clinic, LASIK can correct vision problems such as myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), astigmatism (a misshapen cornea) and presbyopia (a decline in eyesight caused by age.)

Short-term Effects

Right after surgery your eyes may be itchy or may burn. Pain medication or eye drops may be prescribed to alleviate discomfort.

Long-term Effects

The healing process may last as long as six months following a LASIK procedure. During this time, your eyes may feel extremely dry. Eye drops may be used to lubricate the eyes. When dryness is especially bothersome or persists longer than six months, surgery may be needed to improve the eye natural lubrication.

Vision Quality

Your vision will be blurry following the LASIK procedure, according to the Mayo Clinic Vision will not reach its peak until about three months after surgery.

Checkups

You will need to return to your doctor a few days after the LASIK procedure for a checkup. You will probably need to visit your doctor a few more times within the first six months.

Restrictions

You should avoid playing contact sports for the first few months following the LASIK procedure. You should also avoid hot tubs and swimming pools. Also, women should refrain from using cosmetics near the eye area for a few weeks after the surgery. Your doctor can give you more specific instructions concerning restrictions.

Complications

In some cases, the LASIK procedure will need to repeated if the first attempt does not result in clearer vision. Sometimes other vision problems may result from the procedure. Such problems consist of night blindness, double vision or glaring. Corticosteriod drops may correct some vision complications, but further surgery may be needed in some cases.

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Obtain Breast Implants

Breast augmentation can be a powerful morale booster, but it's not something to take lightly. Whether you've opted for implants for cosmetic reasons alone or as a part of breast reconstruction surgery after a mastectomy, here's go about it safely.

Instructions

1. Read up on implants at the FDA Web site (fda.gov), where the information comes from unbiased sources. Do your visual homework at ImplantInfo.com, where you can see scores of before and after photographs.

2. Locate a surgeon who is certified by the American Board of Plastic Surgery and is a member of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (plasticsurgery.org).

3. Consult with several surgeons, taking along photographs of breast sizes and shapes you like. Ask if your body type is suited to implants; very thin women aren't always good candidates, as wrinkling in the implant can show through the skin.

4. Ask surgeons for patient referrals before you go under the knife. Also check out the doctor with medical societies in your state to find out if there have been any complaints or malpractice lawsuits filed against him or her.

5. Inquire about the incision: Will the surgeon go in under the breast or armpit, through the belly button or the nipple? Most implants go in beneath the chest muscle for more natural-looking results and easier mammograms, but this method takes longer to heal.

6. Ask what kind of implants are used. Saline-filled sacs are really the only type available at this time. The American Society of Plastic Surgeons does not recommend silicon implants.

7. Wear a bra in your desired cup size to the doctor's and ask to try it with an implant. Although most women go up two cup sizes, many later wish they'd gone bigger. Discuss this with the doctor.

8. Make sure you receive comprehensive advice about potential complications and all aspects of the surgery and recovery.

9. Prepare to pay about $1,300 for saline implants or about $1,800 for silicone, with an additional $3,000 for surgeon's fees.

10. Expect scarring. Ask about possible future problems such as difficulty with breast-feeding. Complications can range from ruptures and leakage to infections and tightening of the scar tissue around the implant. The implants themselves can wrinkle, deflate, harden and develop an unnatural feel.

Tags: American Society, American Society Plastic, doctor with, Plastic Surgeons, Society Plastic, Society Plastic Surgeons

Prepare A Tissue Slide

Ready your own tissue slide for quick examination.

Preparing tissue for microscopic examination allows scientists and doctors quick access to freshly obtained information from animals and humans alike. In the world of medical research, this process is crucial as it provides a snapshot into what is actually happening, shortly after the specimen is removed from the organism or body. There are certain steps that need to be followed to maintain the integrity of the slide being prepared and prevent it from being ruined and rendered useless.

Instructions

1. Fill one of your 250 mL beakers with liquid nitrogen (100 mL worth) and place a similar amount of dry ice in the other beaker and set aside. While the two beakers set, add frozen tissue matrix to your base mold and set aside.

2. Using forceps, take your specimen and place it in cold phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution to remove all the blood.

3. Place the tissue into a clean, dry petri dish, making certain it lays flat. Place a lab tissue on top to absorb any excess blood that didn't get removed in the PBS bath and remove when absorption is complete.

4. Transfer tissue to the frozen tissue matrix molds near the bottom, again making certain to lay it flat.

5. Using forceps, hold the edge of the base mold and remove it from the container, placing it in the beaker of liquid nitrogen. Only the bottom of the mold should touch the top level of liquid nitrogen, and shouldn't touch for longer than 30 seconds.

6. Remove the tissue from the liquid nitrogen and place atop the dry ice in the other 250 mL beaker. It can then be stored in a freezer at -80 degrees Celsius until sectioning is ready to begin.

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Radiation Protection Technician Training

Universal Symbol for Radiation

Graduates of a radiation protection technician (RPT) program are in high demand. They have copious job offers upon graduation. These technicians, under supervision, measure and record radiation levels. They also calibrate instruments and protective equipment and decontaminate radioactive areas. They are required to pass knowledge and safety examinations.

Education

An aspiring radiation protection technician needs a high school diploma or GED. He then needs to find a training course. With two years of on-the-job training and passing the examination, he is ready to find a well-paying radiation protection job. Technical and community colleges that partner with nuclear utility companies have a curriculum approved for training these technicians. Spartan Community College in Spartanburg, South Carolina, has an associate degree in applied science that requires a Fundamentals of Radiation Science certificate for admission to the program.

National Registry of Radiation Protection Technologists (NRRPT)

The National Registry of Radiation Protection Technologists, established in 1976, is an advocate of the education and instruction of radiation protection technologists. The NRRPT has provided registration and created a 150-page accrediting exam for technologists. The RPT agrees to abide by the NRRPT code of ethics upon registration in the organization.

Outlook

Some Radiation Protection Technicians work in nuclear power plants.

The outlook for radiation protection technicians is excellent. The Nuclear Energy Institute reports that a RPT's salary ranges from $60,000 to $75,000 a year.

Tags: Radiation Protection, National Registry, National Registry Radiation, protection technician, Protection Technologists

Feminine Burning & Itching Due To Menopause

Feminine Burning & Itching Due to Menopause

When a woman enters into menopause she may experience vaginal itching and burning because of the drastic change that has occurred in her hormone levels. This change begins in perimenopause and comes to fruition when she stops menstruating completely. A woman is considered fully menopausal when she has gone a year without a menstrual period.

Expert Insight

The National Institutes of Health explain that the drop in estrogen results in thinning of the vaginal wall and loss of lubrication.

Result

A non-lubricated vagina can become itchy and burn.

Changes

Changes in vaginal discharge are determined by the shifting hormones that a woman experiences during menopause, as well as in puberty and during her menstrual cycle. High levels of sex hormones are required to produce vaginal discharge, which helps lubricate the vagina. A fully menopausal woman does not have high levels of hormones.

Stress

If a menopausal woman is suffering from stress, this can make her more susceptible to infections and increase vaginal itching and burning.

Prevention/Solution

Your doctor may prescribe estrogen cream or tablets to insert into your vagina to eliminate vaginal itching and burning.

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Eliminate Fibroids

Uterine fibroids can cause stomach pains.

Uterine fibroids are benign growths that occur in the walls of your uterus during your childbearing years. MayoClinic.com indicates three in four women will experience uterine fibroids. Many of these women are asymptomatic and will never experience anything out of the ordinary. Other women may experience heavy menstrual bleeding, long menstrual cycles, pelvic pain, backaches, constipation and the frequent urge to urinate. Uterine fibroids are not a life-threatening condition. There are multiple ways of eliminating fibroids.

Instructions

1. Visit with your doctor. The first step in eliminating fibroids is to confirm you have uterine fibroids. Fibroids may be diagnosed through a routine pelvic exam. Your doctor may also examine your abdomen for signs of fibroids. Ultrasounds, CT scans and MRIs can also be used to make a diagnosis.

2. Weigh your treatment options. Your doctor will provide you with numerous options. Take your time in making the right decision for you.

3. Take medications. Your doctor can prescribe medications aimed at treating your symptoms. Medications can help reduce pain, pelvic pressure and heavy bleeding. Medications will not eliminate fibroids but can shrink them.

4. Weigh your surgery options. For fibroids that cause severe pain and bleeding, surgery is an option. Surgery is also an option for failed conservative treatment -- medication. You can undergo a myomectomy. This procedure will remove your fibroids, while still providing you with the ability to have children. You can also undergo a hysterectomy. A hysterectomy is the removal of your uterus. This ends your ability to have a child.

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Become A Radiologist Technician

Radiologist Technician

A radiologist technician plays an important role in diagnosing patients. The responsibilities of this job include taking x-rays, handling the machinery that provides the images used for testing, and maintaining patients' records. The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that the radiologist technician field is experiencing a boom that is expected to last for several years. You can get training and start working in this field in as little as two years.

Instructions

1. Choose a specialty. This will help you decide which path to take in pursuing a career as a radiologist technician. Some areas that you might want to consider are ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computerized tomography.

2. Start researching radiology technician schools. You can enroll in a two year or four year program. Make sure the program you choose is accredited by the Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology. The best programs are the ones that offer hands on training with the latest medical technology. You'll need to learn about 3D medical imaging, sonograms, x-rays, MRIs, and CT scanners. Opportunities for training are available at colleges, technical vocational schools, hospitals, and the U.S. Armed Forces.

3. Decide the level of education you will need. You can get a job as a radiologist technician once you get an associate's degree. Many people start out this way. If you already have some related hands on experience, such as working as a nurse, you may only need to complete a one year program, and earn a certificate. You'll have to get a bachelor's degree if you want to work as a supervisor, or professor.

4. Get the required licensing. This is a requirement in most states. The licensing process includes continuing your education so that you can update your certification. In order to do this, you will have to pass an exam administered by the American Registry of Radiologic Technicians (ARRT)

5. Look for work. Radiologist technician jobs can be found in hospitals, physician's offices, labs, nursing homes, and clinics. Contact the American Registry of Radiologic Technicians and inquire about career opportunities.

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