Read Mri Results Of The Cervical Spine

Unlike x-rays, MRI images of the spine can reveal subtle defects or damage.

Since the first successful nuclear magnetic resonance experiment in 1946, magnetic resonance imaging has slowly evolved from a means of scientific experimentation to an adjunct and alternative to x-rays and other ionizing-radiation imaging. MRI provides better body-tissue contrast and can be adapted to accommodate many imaging techniques, including those used to diagnose spinal-cord abnormalities. A radiologist reads your MRI scan, interprets the results and provides your physician with a report. As with x-rays, making sense of MRI images can be difficult for lay people. But with the aid of the radiologist's notes, interpreting and understanding your cervical spine, or C-spine, MRI is possible.

Instructions

1. Familiarize yourself with the lexicon and structure of the spine. In reading a radiologist's notes and discussing your MRI results with your doctor, you'll want to be as prepared as possible. For example, the spine is divided into three main sections---the cervical, thoracic and lumbar regions, from your neck to your lower back. The cervical region consists of seven sections, or vertebra, labeled as the atlas, the axis, and C-3, C-4, C-5, C-6 and C-7. Basic anatomical knowledge is a precursor to reading your C-spine MRI results.

2. Read the doctor's notes that accompany your film or CD; these are directions to the MRI staff detailing what she's looking to diagnose. You may see such notes as "r/o disc disease." "r/o" means "rule out," meaning that your doctor wants images that rule out or confirm disc disease or damage. These orders also assist the radiologist in looking for specific conditions in your spine.

3. Read the radiologist's notes. He should have addressed all the "r/o" directions from the doctor, confirming or ruling out specific concerns your doctor had. His notes will include such notations as, "Small disc bulge at C3/C4, a bigger one at C4/C5 (A) and a smaller one again at C5/C6." He may also address issues not outlined by your physician if he detects abnormalities.

4. Take note of the angle of the image. There is usually an indication in a corner of the film that describes the "anatomical plane" that the image represents. This will be one of three options. The coronal or frontal plane separates the body vertically from top to bottom into front and back halves. The sagittal or lateral plane also divides the body vertically from head to toe but into left and right sides. The axial or transverse plane separates the body horizontally, providing top and bottom halves. There will also a directional note, so that you'll know that you're viewing, for instance, your spine from the right-side -- i.e., sagittal -- view.

5. Look closely at the film in relation to the doctor's and radiologist's notes. If an irregularity was detected, the notes will assist you in spotting it. What may have been indistinguishable without the notes often becomes obvious when you know what to look for. Scan the film even if there were no abnormalities found, especially if you have previous MRI results against which you can compare the current film. It's not unusual for patients to find problems on their own films that weren't detected by doctors. This is particularly true among patients who have undergone numerous testing---often over years---and are familiar with their own bodies through previous radiological inspections.

Tags: radiologist notes, your doctor, body vertically, body vertically from, disc disease, doctor notes, magnetic resonance

Return To Golf After Breast Cancer

Insecurities about proper form, swing and power plague a golfer's mind and affect the mental aspect of the game. However, outside influences, such as your health, not only affect your mental and physical game but also transform it. Being diagnosed with breast cancer and then becoming a survivor present mental and physical challenges for golfers hoping to return to the course. Whether you had surgery, chemotherapy, radiation or all 3, regaining your form, strengthening your swing and revisiting your game are possible.

Instructions

1. Address your limited range of motion. Stiffness in your shoulder results from the surgery and affects the fluidity of your swing and your putting abilities. Whether you had a breast or lymph node biopsy, breast conservation or reconstruction surgery, or a mastectomy, the short-term effect can be handled with physical therapy and exercise.

2. Regain your strength. Exercises help decrease the adverse affects of surgery and increase your range of motion. Establishing an exercise routine with your physical therapist provides the structure and correct time frame for rebuilding muscle and avoiding injuries.

3. Get an early start. Some exercises can be done as soon as your surgery has ended given that you've consulted your doctor and the stitches have been removed. Exercises include arm raises, bending and straightening your elbows, grip strengthening and deep-breathing exercises involving your core. You can then slowly build toward more complex exercises that will help pace your rehabilitation, such as shoulder blade stretches and squeezes, side-bending, wand exercises, elbow winging, chest wall stretches and shoulder stretches.

4. Be patient. If you had radiation therapy, you may need to wait 6 to 9 months after the treatment finishes before starting an exercise routine. But, it's important to remain on track as the exercise will help maintain the flexibility in your shoulder and arm.

5. Address long-term effects. Lymphedema causes swelling in your arms or hands that lasts a couple of hours after playing golf or even hitting a bucket of balls on the range. Using a compression garment, such as a bandage or sleeve, can help minimize the effects. Some clinicians recommend massage therapy, complete decongestive therapy, intermittent pneumatic compression or surgery.

6. Practice your swing. Many women worry about the effects of a mastectomy on their golf swing. However, breast removal does not dramatically affect your swing. Get back on the course and practice the fundamentals. Start slowly by focusing on your short game, such as pitching, chipping and putting, which require only half a swing. Then, work your way up to the distance game and power strokes.

7. Search for support groups. Being around women with the same goals provides a sense of hope and understanding that increases your commitment to return to the game.

Tags: your swing, affect your, exercise routine, mental physical, range motion, will help, your shoulder

Recovery Time From Vitrectomy Surgery

A vitrectomy is a commonly performed eye surgery used to resolve a number of conditions that involve the eye's vital structures. The procedure involves totally removing the vitreous humor (eye fluid) and replacing it with an air and gas mixture, which requires substantial recovery time and post-treatment care.

Recovery Time Variables

The length of time required for recovery will depend on the seriousness of the underlying condition. Conditions that may require vitrectomy procedures include retinal detachment, diabetic vitreous hemorrhage, macular hole(s), epiretinal membrane, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, foreign body removal, and endophthalmitis.

Eye Shield

A plastic eye shield must be worn when sleeping for the first week following surgery, and should be worn for at least the first three days after surgery when showering.

Lying Face-Down

The patient is often told to lie face-down and remain immobile for up to three weeks after surgery. This is to ensure proper healing as natural eye fluid slowly replaces the air and gas mixture that was placed in the eye during surgery.

Eye Drops

Eye drops are typically used for a few weeks after the surgery to minimize inflammation, prevent infection, minimize scarring of the pupil, provide comfort, and to maintain low eye pressure.

Travel

Patients must cancel all travel plans for at least a few months following surgery. This is because of the extreme risks of changes in air pressure, which pose dangerous risks for for any remaining air and gas mixture in the eye. Only the doctor can tell you when it's safe to fly.

Total Healing Time

Most healing will occur during the four to six weeks after surgery, but full replacement of the air and gas mixture, as well as full visual recovery, may take up to a few months. Consistent follow-up appointments are required.

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Write A Department Business Plan

A department business plan defines the goals and activities a department will undertake for a specified time period and may be included as a section in a business's overall business plan. Because different departments have different responsibilities, the particular data needed for and useful in department business plans varies widely. However, you can follow a structured process to write a department business plan that fits your department's needs.

Instructions

1. Write an introductory section stating the purpose for your department business plan. State to whom the plan will be given and the deadline for delivering the plan. Specify the time frame the plan covers, such as the next six months or the next year.

2. Insert your department's vision and mission statements to form the next section of the plan. This provides context so that your plan can be evaluated in terms of its alignment with your vision and mission.

3. Write a situation analysis section for the plan. Include historical data on departmental or general business issues that directly influence decisions in the current plan.

4. Write the goals section of the plan. State specific and measurable goals for your department and the time frame for meeting the goals. Your department's goals might be stated in terms such as revenue targets, sales targets, or measurements of customer awareness or customer satisfaction.

5. Write the strategy section of the plan. Define both the strategic approach and the tactical steps your department will take to meet each goal in the goals section. If the tactical steps are longer than one or two pages, attach them as an appendix to the plan.

6. Define the key performance indicators (KPI) for the plan. These are the measurements by which you will evaluate the success of the department business plan and are stated in terms of a time frame. For example, a KPI might specify that your department is expected to meet one-fourth of its revenue goals in the first three months of the plan. State KPIs for each item in the strategy section of the plan.

7. State the budget needed to support the plan. Provide projected costs for each of the activities stated in the tactical-steps section of the plan. If the budget information is longer than one or two pages, attach it as an appendix.

8. State the long-term outlook for the department. This section describes goals and activities the department is expected to undertake in the next two to three years.

Tags: section plan, department business, plan State, your department, business plan

Vampire Costume Ideas For Kids

If you have a kid that wants to dress up as a vampire then you have a number of options. There are even vampire costume options for girls. Vampire costumes are fairly easy to put together and are great classic costumes.

Dracula

A Dracula costume needs to have some black slacks and black shoes. A white long sleeve shirt with a vest is also needed. The vest could be black or red. Finish the clothing part of the costume with a flowing cape that ties around the neck. Look for a cape with a high collar if possible. You will also need some makeup to make the kid look pale, some red makeup for blood from the mouth and some fake vampire teeth if the kid is old enough to safely use them.

Girl Vampires

If you have a girl that wants to dress up a vampire, you have a few different options. One option is to go as a Gothic vampire. This look can be achieved by simply wearing a Gothic period costume dress. Black with red or maroon is a good color scheme. A choker and vampire teeth will finish this look. A regular girl vampire or Dracula's girlfriend costume can be achieved with a long red or black dress and a cape similar to that of Dracula. Remember the vampire teeth and makeup for blood droplets from the mouth.

Edward Cullen from Twilight

If you kid is old enough to be a fan of the Twilight series then they may be interested in dressing as Edward Cullen from Twilight. For the costume you will want crazy, tousled hair and the posters of Edward from the movie typically have him dressed in jeans, a dark t-shirt and jacket. However, to make it easy for people to know what the costume is you can make a shirt that reads "Edward loves Bella" that the kid can wear. You will also want to have some of the fake vampire teeth.

Spike from Buffy

If your kid is into the cult favorite Buffy the Vampire Slayer then you may want to consider a costume as Spike from Buffy. This costume can easily be achieved with black boots, black jeans, a black t-shirt, a black belt and a black leather jacket. Slicked back blond hair will complete the look. Since Spike's vampire teeth only showed when his face transformed you can get away without fake vampire teeth.

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Remove Wrinkles Without Surgery

Microdermabrasion reduces wrinkles.

Everyone will get wrinkles as they age. Due to the sun's damaging rays, repeated facial movements and loss of skin elasticity, wrinkles form. There are various surgical procedures you can undergo to get rid of wrinkles, such as face lifts, brow lifts and eye lifts. You can, however, remove wrinkles without surgery. Here are some tips. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Moisturize your skin. Loss of skin elasticity and moisture leads to wrinkles. You can counteract this loss by hydrating your skin. Apply a nutrient-rich moisturizer to your skin twice daily. Aim to apply it to clean skin first thing in the morning and again at night, just before bed. Since your skin can handle a heavier moisturizer at night, opt for a richer night cream.

2. Protect against the sun's damaging rays. Every time you are in the sun, its rays contribute to your wrinkles. Protect your skin by wearing a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high SPF rating. Wear the sunscreen daily.

3. Purchase wrinkle treatment creams. These creams contain retinoids and hydroxy acids that encourage skin cell regeneration. This means that new, younger-looking skin cells will be produced with more frequency. Many wrinkle treatment creams also contain vitamins A and C, both of which have been shown to be effective at treating wrinkles.

4. Exfoliate your skin once to twice a week, using a gentle facial scrub. Exfoliation encourages cell turnover by removing older, dead skin cells from the skin's surface. Fresher skin is then revealed.

5. Get regular microdermabrasion treatments. This involves a professional technician treating your face with a device similar to a mini-sandblaster. Tiny crystals rub against the skin, removing older skin from the surface and exposing fresher skin below. Regular microdermabrasion treatments have been shown to remove wrinkles, even out skin tone and result in more radiant skin.

6. Treat your skin to chemical peel procedures. These treatments are usually performed by a dermatologist and involve treating the skin with various chemicals. The top layers of the skin react with the chemicals and flake away after a few days. The layers of skin treated depend on the strength of the peel. These peels can help remove superficial wrinkles and reduce the appearance of deeper wrinkles.

7. Discuss Botox injections with your dermatologist. Botox temporarily paralyzes facial muscles, preventing future wrinkling and reducing the appearance of current wrinkles. The results are temporary, and you do need to get new injections every 3 to 6 months. Botox is widely used by both men and women, and has been shown to create satisfactory wrinkle reduction without surgery.

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Hypocalcemia Dangers

Hypocalcemia Dangers

In addition to the supply in your bones that gives them strength, calcium is found in your bloodstream, where it regulates processes like muscle contraction, blood clotting and heart rhythm, explains the Merck Medical Manual. Low levels of calcium in your bloodstream, or hypocalcemia, may occur for many reasons, including dysfunction of your parathyroid, cancer, pancreatic inflammation or chemotherapy treatment. Hypocalcemia poses a number of health dangers and requires treatment.

Extrapyramidal Symptoms

Hypocalcemia has the potential to cause a set of physical signs known as extrapyramidal symptoms, reports the Cleveland Clinic. Extrapyramidal symptoms are similar to the signs of Parkinson's disease like tremors that occur when attempting to perform intentional movements like eating or writing. Your muscles may feel rigid or immovable, and movements like walking may become very slow. These symptoms occur due to dysfunctions in the way your brain communicates with the nerves that send signals from your brain for your muscles to move.

Seizures

Severe hypocalcemia sometimes causes seizures, according to the Merck Medical Manual. A seizure is a period of abnormal electrical impulses in your brain that comes on suddenly. Symptoms of a seizures include changes in consciousness, memory loss, seeing flashing lights, falling, loss of muscle control, convulsions and a metallic taste in your mouth. Most seizures last for less than 15 minutes, according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Dementia

Low levels of blood calcium have the potential to affect brain functioning. In adults, this dysfunction often resembles dementia, which can take many forms, making it difficult to remember things, communicate or problem-solve. Dementia may also take the form of paranoia, irritability, hallucinations and agitation. Fortunately, most patients who experience dementia from hypocalcemia experience a return to normal brain functioning once levels of blood calcium return to normal, explains the Merck Medical Manual.

Musculoskeletal

Since calcium is necessary for your muscle to contract properly, hypocalcemia disrupts muscle functioning, often causing muscle aches, spasms or twitching, reports the Cleveland Clinic. When your blood calcium levels are low, your body may pull calcium from your bones to compensate. Over time, this leaching of calcium from your bones has the potential to cause osteoporosis, a condition where your bones become brittle and susceptible to fractures.

Cardiovascular

As calcium is necessary to regulate the beating of your heart, hypocalcemia poses a risk for cardiovascular complications, according to the Cleveland Clinic. Some patients develop an abnormal heart rate (arrhythmia) or low blood pressure (hypotension). Additionally, your heart may become unable to pump enough blood throughout your body, which results in a condition called congestive heart failure. Depending on what part of your heart is affected, heart failure may cause shortness of breath and coughing or severe swelling of your limbs or abdomen, reports the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Tags: your bones, blood calcium, Cleveland Clinic, from your, Medical Manual, Merck Medical

Potassium & Weight Loss

Dietary potassium has been known to assist in weight loss. It helps with the development of muscles, the functions of the nerves and kidneys, and the production of energy. It also regulates blood pressure and increases metabolism. Increasing the intake of potassium in your diet can help you lose weight while decreasing the chances you will suffer from high blood pressure and heart diseases.

Function of Potassium in Weight Loss

Potassium is essential in building muscle and essential to their proper function. If you are trying to lose weight, potassium will help convert the food you consume into the energy you will need when exercising or training. Potassium has a direct effect on how your body burns calories and how the heart and other muscles regulate blood flow. It can help prevent your muscles from cramping during a workout.

How Much Potassium is Necessary for Weight Loss

The best daily intake level for potassium is debatable, but the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies recommends a daily intake of about 3,500 mg of potassium for a healthy adult to lose weight. Most Americans only get about 2,000 mg every day which means they are considered to be potassium-deficient.

Potassium Deficient Adults

If you aren't getting the amount of potassium you need every day, you are considered to be potassium deficient. People who are potassium deficient are at risk of an ailment called hypokalemia. Minor hypokalemic symptoms are weakness and cramping in the muscles which can be detrimental to the exercise and activities necessary for weight loss.

Potassium Rich Foods for Weight Loss

A variety of food sources are high in potassium. There are fruits, vegetables, meats, cereals, breads, and dairy products that are all good sources of potassium. Bananas, whole wheat bread, oatmeal, potatoes, squash, beef, pork, peanuts, yogurt, milk and cheese are just a few of the foods that are rich in potassium. To maximize the amount of potassium you consume, it is important not to cook or add water to these foods as it tends to diminish potassium intake.

Risk of Consuming Too Much Potassium

It is important to be aware that consuming more than the daily recommended amount of potassium will not help you lose more weight. Instead it causes hyperkalemia which can bring about stomach irritation and can potentially trigger a heart attack. Keep tabs on your potassium intake to avoid hyperkalemia.

Tags: Weight Loss, amount potassium, lose weight, blood pressure, daily intake

The Effects Of Silicone For The Breasts

Silicone breast implants require a lifetime of maintenance.

The cosmetic surgery industry has made it easier that ever to swipe a drink from the Fountain of Youth. But one such beautifying technique -- breast augmentation with silicone -- poses a hefty price, both with the initial procedure costs and subsequent maintenance and screening. To have a "boob job" is not a one-shot deal. No such surgery is permanent, and potential side effects can make the price of beauty pretty ugly on the pocketbook.

Interference in Cancer Screening

Silicone implants can interfere with mammograms.

Research to date has not proven any link to silicone implants and breast cancer. However, there is some concern that the fluid-filled sacks can impede the interpretation of mammograms and impact cancer detection and treatment. Less serious but real risk potential, the mammogram itself poses a risk of silicon rupture, which will require additional surgeries to repair.

Change in Breast Tissue

Although rare, some women report skin changes and hardening of the breasts.

Rarely, silicon implants can cause rippling and puckering of the skin around the breasts, which may warrant future cosmetic surgery. Some women report capsular contracture, the medical definition for hardening of the breasts. It is caused by the formation of fibrous scar tissue around the silicon as the immune system activates to fight a perceived foreign entity. Not all women will experience capsular contracture, but it is one of the most common complaints from those who have undergone the cosmetic procedure.

Ongoing Maintainence

Doctors recommend patients get MRIs three years after surgery to detect ruptures.

The average shelf-life of silicon breast implants is about ten years -- give or take. That's because changes in skin elasticity, breast tissue and the risk of rupture warrant additional surgeries to maintain the aesthetic look and feel. Unlike the saline (salt water) implant alternative, leaky silicone ruptures float around in the body and are not easily detectable. Therefore, doctors recommend periodic MRIs, which are the only effective tests to detect the substance in the body, but may not be covered by traditional health insurance.

Difficulty with Breastfeeding

Silicone implants may make it difficult or even impossible to for mothers to breastfeed their babies. Clogging of the milk ducts upon childbirth is often painful and silicone can compound the problem. In some cases, a doctor may prescribe medications to dry up milk production to avoid discomfort. Woman can avoid potential breastfeeding complications by delaying breast augmentation surgery until childbearing is completed.

Tags: additional surgeries, breast augmentation, breast implants, capsular contracture, cosmetic surgery

Life After Menopause

Life After Menopause

The time in a woman's life after menopause is known as post-menopause, or the cessation of monthly periods for at least one year. Although some health issues often arise, according to The Jubilee Report survey, 65 percent of post-menopausal women said their lives actually improved after menopause. The years after menopause don't need to be a recipe for depression, states Midlife New Life author Judith Wills. She encourages women to develop "a relationship with what supports us now."

Post-Menopause Physical Health

After menopause, women have to face the possibility of additional health concerns, due to the lack or slowing down of estrogen production. One of the issues women need to focus on is osteoporosis, which can raise concern about bone fractures, particularly hip fractures, a leading complication of aging. Another concern may be a stronger likelihood of heart-related disease.

Maintaining Post-Menopausal Health

Lifestyle choices can significantly improve a post-menopausal woman's health. "Your life after menopause can be just as active and satisfying as it has been, maybe even more so," states Bindiya Ananthakrishnan, M.D., OB-GYN at Mount Auburn Hospital in Cambridge, Massachusetts. "But it's more important than ever to focus on leading a healthy lifestyle. Women need to exercise daily, maintain a balanced diet, and if they smoke, they should stop. They should also focus on staying at a healthy weight, which can be a challenge after menopause."

Hot Flashes or Night Sweats

Many women experience hot flashes and night sweats, even after menopause. They range in severity, from mildly discomforting to severe. Drinking ice water, eliminating processed sugar and cutting back on carbohydrates may help. For additional comfort, dress in layers. At night, keep the room as cool as your partner will allow, and wear natural cotton sleepwear.

Benefits of Post-Menopause

Most women have freedom after they reach the post-menopausal time of their lives. They don't have to buy pads or tampons anymore. They don't have to worry about getting pregnant, and this can enhance their sex life. Their children are generally grown, so they're able to enjoy new activities, including travel.

Mental and Emotional Post-Menopausal Health

Find mentally challenging activities to keep the mind sharp and focused. Post-menopausal women don't need to give in to blurred thinking. Activities such as group games, visiting historical sites, reading and word or number games are good for the mind. Surround yourself with people you love and enjoy being around. Maintain your sense of humor and laugh every chance you get. Social activities will enable you to maintain a positive outlook and prevent loneliness.

Tags: after menopause, after menopause, life after, Life After Menopause, life after menopause, Post-Menopausal Health, their lives

North Carolina State Flower & Bird

North Carolina

On March 15, 1941, the North Carolina Legislature chose the dogwood, a flowering tree found from the coast to the mountains, as its state flower. And just two years later, on March 4, 1943, the state's lawmakers selected the cardinal, a year-round resident of North Carolina, as the Tar Heel state's official bird.

Flowering Dogwood

Flowering dogwood

The dogwood (Cornus florida) blooms in early spring and continues well into summer throughout North Carolina. Because of its widespread popularity across the state, the dogwood was able to beat out the daisy, goldenrod, flame azalea, Venus flytrap and pinecone to become the state's official flower. The dogwood is native to North America and is a deciduous tree that grows to 15 to 40 feet in height.

Appearance

Dogwood Bracts

The dogwood "flower" actually is made of four white or pink petal-like "bracts," or modified leaves. The bracts surround a small cluster of yellow flowers. Dogwoods flower in the spring (from late April to early May in North Carolina), fruit in the summer with bright red berries and put on a display of wine-colored foliage in the fall.

Special Characteristics

Extracts of the dogwood's bark have been used to cure toothaches and whooping cough in humans and mange in dogs. In fact, this may have played a part in the origin of the tree's name. Oil from the fruit has been used in France to make soap and the wood of several species has been employed in furniture making.

Winter Redbird

Male cardinal

The cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis)--also known as the "winter redbird" because it is so easy to see against the winter landscape--is one of the most common songbirds found throughout North Carolina. Naturalist John James Audubon said of the cardinal: "In richness of plumage, elegance of motion and strength of song, this species surpasses all of its kindred in the United States." Perhaps that's why the cardinal also is the state bird in Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Virginia and West Virginia.

Appearance

Female cardinal

The male cardinal is a brilliant red color all over, except for its throat and the area around its bill, which is black. It has a prominent crest on its head and large wings and tail. The female is duller, with a less brilliant red confined to its crest, wings and tail.

Special Characterisitics

Cardinal nests are made of stems, grass and other plant materials in low shrubs or small trees. In North Carolina and other southern regions, the birds raise an average of three broods per season in these nests. Cardinals eat seeds, small fruit and insects. In contrast to most songbird species, the male and female each are exceptional singers.

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Become A Non Medical Transcriptionist

If you have above average typing skills and are interested in audio transcription work, you might be discouraged by how many of the available jobs are medically oriented and thus require extensive training. However, although non-medical transcription jobs can be a little tougher to find and the details of working in the field less widely understood, it is possible to make income in transcription work that doesn't require such special qualifications.

Instructions

1. Obtain transcription tools if you plan to work from home. Transcription software will help you transcribe faster through the use of tools like foot pedal operated audio playback and speed controls. Since transcription jobs pay by the amount of work produced rather than by the hour, most outsourced work is priced according to what can be achieved using assisting tools like this (see Resources section).

2. Seek work with a company that outsources transcription work. There are a number of web-based non-medical transcription outfits that hire transcriptionists on a regular basis to work from their homes (see Resources below). There are dozens of others to seek work with as well. These types of opportunities generally supply regular work as an independent contractor, though in most cases, a commitment to steady amounts of work is required.

3. Look for a job locally. Transcription studios in your city may offer non-medical work if they specialize in services such as home or business audio transcription or captioning of audio materials for the hearing impaired. You may also be able to find work if you live near any government offices that keep archives including audio or video records. These types of opportunities can allow you to work as a regular employee and work outside of your home.

4. Advertise your services as an independent contractor. If you wish to work at home but keep your transcription job flexible, advertising your services in classified ads and community boards can connect you with clients directly.

Tags: transcription work, audio transcription, independent contractor, non-medical transcription, These types, These types opportunities

What Is The Meaning Of Fibrofatty Tissue In The Breast

Fibrofatty tissue is an essential part of the breast.

Fribrofatty tissue in the breast is usually called the adipose tissue. It is an essential part of the female breast, causing the size and shape of the breast. However, adipose tissue can also be a cause of health concerns regarding the breast, especially breast cancer.

The Breast

The breast is attached to the pectoral muscle. Inside the breast, 15 to 20 lobes spread from the nipple. Each lobe is divided into anywhere from 10 to 100 aveoli, which produce the milk that runs down the lobes to the nipple. The lobes of the breast are lined with epithelial cells, and are divided by fat and fibrous tissue. This tissue is the adipose tissue.

Adipose Tissue

Adipose tissue is essentially a connective storage tissue. Adipose tissue stores fat, allowing the energy within the fat to be kept to be used later. Adipose tissue also acts as a source of heat and cushioning. Adipose tissue is present all over the body, including the breast.

Size of Breast

As more fat is stored in the adipose tissue, the breast grows. In the same manner, when the fat in the adipose tissue is converted into energy, the breasts reduce in size. For this reason, breast size will usually increase with weight gain and reduce with weight loss.

Adipose Health Concerns

Clinically, the breast is divided into four parts, the upper inner, upper outer, lower inner and lower outer quadrants. Most breast cancers develop in the upper outer quadrant, near the top of the breast. Cancer usually occurs in the epithelial cells that line the lobes. Some cancers can also develop in the lobes. It is rare for cancer to develop in the adipose tissue, but it is not unheard of. It is best to perform breast self exams once a month to monitor breast health.

Considerations

If you happen to feel a lump in the adipose tissue of your breast, you should contact a doctor as soon as possible. It is also important to discuss any weight loss methods you may be thinking of using with your doctor, especially if your intention is to reduce breast size. There are cosmetic surgeries available to take adipose tissue out of the breast.

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About The International Building Code Tests

The International Building Code sets a series of standards to ensure health and safety in construction.

The International Building Code, established by the International Code Council (ICC) in 1997, institutes strict construction standards for builders. These requirements ensure the health and safety of those who use or live in buildings that the International Building Code covers. Does this Spark an idea?

Accreditation

The ICC requires accreditation for home inspectors under the International Building Code, as set forth by the International Accreditation Service (IAS). A document published by the IAS says each inspection specialist must meet specific education requirements before a construction company can receive accreditation under the code.

Certification

Any builders subject to the IBC must obtain and regularly renew their certification in specific areas of construction expertise. These requirements call for experts in several areas of construction, including architects, plumbers, electricians and fire protection engineers.

10th Amendment

State governments may amend the IBC in accordance with the states' rights guarantee of the 10th amendment to the Constitution. Some state governments substitute their own codes in place of those outlined by the IBC.

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Does The Government Provide Health Insurance For Disabled People

State governments and the federal government provide a number of health insurance coverage options for people with disabilities.

Both state governments and the federal government provide health insurance for people who have a disability. Medicaid is a state-run program offered to individuals living on low incomes and those who have an eligible disability. Medicare is a health insurance program run by the federal government, and though it is most often associated with the elderly, people of any age with certain disabilities can receive it.

Medicaid

Medicaid is health insurance that is available to certain individuals and families who have limited income and resources. According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, Medicaid is the largest health care program in the country. It provides insurance to more than 52 million people, 8.4 million of whom have severe disabilities. Rules on eligibility vary from state to state, but generally to qualify, individuals must have low incomes, have few assets, and meet residency regulations. As long as they are medically necessary services, Medicaid covers inpatient and outpatient hospital care, health clinic care, physician services, lab work and X-rays, family planning, nurse midwife/practitioner services, screening, diagnostic and treatment services, immunizations for minors, and nursing and home health care.

Medicare

The federal government provides health insurance, called Medicare, to 41 million people, 13 million of whom have disabilities or long-term illnesses that impair their daily living. To be eligible you must have worked and paid into the Social Security system and retired, or become disabled. The government sets a high standard for what is considered a disability. You will be required to undergo examinations to determine whether you are eligible, as well as endure the 29-month waiting period after eligibility is confirmed. Some disabilities are exempt from the waiting period. Medicare pays for preventive care like doctor's visits, rehabilitation services, mental health, home health and medical equipment. Contact your local Social Security office to begin enrollment.

Prescription Drugs

To get prescription drug coverage under Medicare, you must add Medicare prescription drug coverage, called Part D, to your plan. Costs and benefits vary considerably by plan. If you have a low income, you may qualify for getting assistance in covering your prescriptions through your state Medicaid office. Many disabled people are eligible for both Medicaid and Medicare, but under Medicaid alone, prescription drug coverage is an optional service that varies from state to state. Medicaid beneficiaries who are disabled generally get their prescriptions through Medicare.

Children and Dependents

If the adult child of a Medicare recipient has a permanent or severe disability that developed before age 22, that adult child may be eligible for Medicare insurance. In addition, if the primary Medicare beneficiary dies, her spouse and dependents can continue to receive Medicare coverage. Medicaid covers families, but coverage of children is based on the child's status, not the parents. If the child is disabled or lives in a low-income home, he may be eligible.

Cash Benefits

The Social Security Administration (SSA) pays cash benefits, Social Security Disability Insurance, to individuals who cannot work because they have a medical condition that is expected to last at least one year or that could result in death. Certain family members may also receive cash benefits because of the primary beneficiary's disability status. The SSA will determine your eligibility to receive payments based on how long you worked and paid into social security and how recently you worked before you became disabled.

Tags: federal government, drug coverage, health insurance, prescription drug, prescription drug coverage

Breast Biopsy Diagnosis

There are six types of biopsies doctors can conduct to determine if a lump in the breast is malignant or benign and many can be performed on an out-patient basis without surgery. The type of biopsy procedure a doctor chooses is based on a number of factors, including the size of the lump and where it's located in the breast.

Fine Needle Biopsy

A fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy involves using a small needle that is inserted into the breast to remove a small sample of the lump for examination. This procedure is used when lumps are located near the surface or are otherwise easy to reach, It also allows doctors to determine if the lump is cyst, since it will collapse after being lanced by the needle and drain.

Ultrasound Guided Core Biopsy

One of two types of procedures known as "core biopsies," the ultrasound-guided core biopsy uses sound waves to pinpoint the exact location of a lump so that a large needle can be inserted into the lump to extract tissue samples. This procedure is used for hard-to-reach lumps. Local anesthetic is used to numb the area before the procedure.

Stereotactic Needle Biopsy

Similar to an ultrasound biopsy, a stereotactic needle biopsy uses a type of mammogram film called SCOUT film to pinpoint the exact location of a lump. The film of the lump and surrounding area is then used to guide a needle into the lump and along its perimeter, where it takes tissue samples. A local anesthetic is administered to the breast to numb the area before the procedure begins.

Open Excisional Biopsy

The oldest breast biopsy method involves a doctor cutting open the breast and extracting the entire lump along with some surrounding tissue for examination. This procedure is performed less frequently because less-invasive methods are available. However, it removes the lump and allows for a complete examination of the lump and surrounding area.

Sentinel Node Biopsy

One of the newest biopsy methods for breast cancer, the sentinel node biopsy, removes anywhere from one to three lymph nodes into which lymph nodes vessels near a tumor are most likely to drain. The procedure is conducted during a mastectomy or lumpectomy. Dye is injected into the breast so that it can spread into the area under the armpits where lymph nodes are located. Using the dye, a surgeon can locate the sentinel node or nodes and remove them for examination. This allows physicians to determine if the cancer has started to spread beyond the breast without removing all the lymph nodes.

What Biopsies Show

The cells extracted from a breast tumor allow a doctor to determine if a lump is benign or malignant. If it is malignant, tissue taken in a biopsy reveals whether a tumor is estrogen positive or negative--a major factor in determining treatment--and if the tumor has any other unusual characteristics. It also allows a physician to get an idea of how large a tumor is--or the exact size if it's removed entirely--to determine the stage of the cancer, another important factor in deciding on treatment. The sentinel node biopsy lets doctors know whether the cancer has spread into the lymph nodes, yet another key factor in determining whether the cancer is in its earliest stages or has progressed.

Tags: lymph nodes, determine lump, examination This, This procedure, also allows, area before, area before procedure

Spot Colon Cancer Early Symptoms

Ask your physician about regular cancer screening tests.

The inner lining of the colon can be susceptible to cancer, especially in people over 50. Most colon cancers develop from polyps in the colon. Even though most polyps are benign, some become precancerous and can develop into cancer. If colon cancer is diagnosed early, before it spreads, survival rates are high.

The most common form of colorectal cancers are called adenocarcinomas. According to the American Cancer society, colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women in the United States. The risk of colorectal cancer is a little higher in men. Colorectal cancer is also the third leading cause of death in the United States.

The best way to prevent colorectal cancer is to have regular cancer screening tests. Since most colon cancers start as non-cancerous polyps, in most cases early detection can prevent most colorectal cancer. In addition, watch for these warning signs.

Instructions

1. Watch for any change in bowel movements. Symptoms that may suggest early colon cancer are narrowing of stools, constipation or constant diarrhea.

2. Watch for stools that look like black tar or blood.

3. Keep an eye on your appetite. If you experience a loss in appetite, it may be an early sign of colon cancer.

4. Check with a doctor if you have unexplained weight loss. Unexplained weight loss may be an early sign of colon cancer.

5. See a doctor if you are constantly fatigued. Constant fatigue may be another early symptom.

6. Check your family history. Your risk is increased if you have a family history of colon cancer.

7. If you have inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, get regular tests for colon cancer. People who suffer from these conditions have a higher risk of getting colorectal cancer.

Tags: colon cancer, colorectal cancer, cancer have, cancer screening, cancer screening tests, colon cancers, early sign

Improve Patient Registration

An organized registration staff member can help improve the flow of a doctor's office.

Patient registration is an integral part of the health care industry. Patient registration helps to improve the flow of doctor's offices, hospitals and outpatient facilities. Quick and accurate patient registration can help move patients from the waiting rooms to exam rooms to meet with doctor's or have procedures in an orderly fashion. Patient registration staff must be organized and have above-average computer skills. Follow these steps for a more efficient and productive registration staff.

Instructions

1. Ask your manager about attending a training class to help improve your knowledge of the computer programs your hospital or doctor's office uses. Computer programs in the health care industry are constantly being updated and changed. Stay on top of updates and changes.

2. Take initiative and mail out new patient information forms before a new patient's first visit. This will cut down on the time they spend sitting in the waiting room filling out forms. Indicate to new patients that they will need to bring their insurance cards, medication lists and any other pertinent information -- records from old doctors, imaging studies or test results, for example.

3. Offer a sheet that instructs patients to sign in and have a seat. Indicate on the sheet that you will be with them shortly. This prevents overcrowding around the reception area and protects the privacy of patients you are currently registering.

4. Keep conversations to a minimum while registering a patient. Greet the patient and make them feel welcome, but avoid extensive conversations with patients.

5. Print out a sheet with the patient's demographic information. Ask them to review the information -- and sign any necessary forms including a privacy agreement -- while you verify their insurance coverage and collect any co-payments they may have due. Verify the reason why the patient is present. Multi-tasking can help register patients in an organized and quick manner.

6. Thank the patient for their cooperation. Ask the patient to have a seat, and tell them a member of the medical staff will be with them shortly.

7. On slow office days, call patients who will be in the next day. You can verify their insurance information and demographic information ahead of time. This will help to save time the following day.

Tags: registration staff, their insurance, care industry, demographic information, doctor office, flow doctor

Tech Colleges In Ma

Massachusetts students have a variety of options for technical education

Massachusetts is home to some of the nation's top colleges and universities. However, a four-year liberal arts education isn't for everyone. For students seeing a more career-oriented education, the Bay State also has a number of options. From the Massachusetts Bay all the way to Western Mass, students throughout the state will find a tech college that has the right trade for them.

Springfield Technical Community College

Springfield Technical Community College provides technical education in Western Massachusetts. Students at STCC may pursue either an associate degree or a professional certificate in a wide variety of programs. Associate programs at STCC include early childhood education, nursing, nuclear medicine technology, respiratory care, sonography, surgical technology, mechanical engineering and architectural technology. The college offers certificate programs in areas such as automotive technology, medical assisting, television production, dental assisting, computer-aided drafting and design, cosmetology and construction management.

Springfield Technical Community College

Armory Square

Suite 1

PO Box 9000

Springfield, MA 01102-9000

stcc.edu

Benjamin Franklin Institute of Technology

Established in 1908, Benjamin Franklin Institute of Technology graduates over half its students in three years. Located in Boston's South End, the institute provides some options for student housing, but is primarily a commuter school. Students may pursue one of a baker's dozen of career programs including computer technology, electrical technology, practical electricity, opticianry, architecture, electronics engineering and medical electronics engineering.

Benjamin Franklin Institute of Technology

41 Berkeley Street

Boston, MA 02116

617-423-4630

bfit.edu

Porter and Chester Institute

Porter and Chester Institute serves the entire Commonwealth with three campuses in Chicopee, Westborough and Canton. Students at PCI can pursue associate degrees in careers such as electrical technology, medical assisting, automotive technology, practical nursing, computer-aided design and drafting and dental assisting. The program focuses on teaching students things employers look for in prospective entry-level hires, emphasizing hands-on learning. In addition to the technical skills needed to get the job done, Porter and Chester also teaches its students effective work habits that help them keep jobs once they get them.

Graduates of PCI enjoy lifetime career placement assistance. In the lead up to graduation, students engage in an intensive search for their first job in the field with the assistance of PCI's graduate employment specialists.

Porter and Chester Institute

5 Campanelli Cir.

Canton, MA 02021

781-830-0350

porterchester.com

Salter College

Salter College provides its students with the best of both worlds--a technical, career-oriented education balanced with the broad base of the liberal arts. The college services Central Massachusetts from the town of West Boylston. Salter offers three associate degree programs, including medical assisting, office administration and accounting. Additionally, the college offers seven professional certificate programs such as medical assisting, medical billing and coding, massage therapy, culinary arts, office support specialist, business office support and computerized accounting.

Salter College

184 West Boylston St.

West Boylston, MA 01583-1700

508-853-1074‎

saltercollege.com

Tags: medical assisting, Porter Chester, Benjamin Franklin, Benjamin Franklin Institute, Chester Institute, Community College

Apply The Ce Mark

The CE mark is used throughout the European Union.

The CE mark is a certification used in Europe to indicate that a product meets a host of European Union requirements for consumer safety and environmental protection. CE, which stands for "Conformite Europeenne," is part of Europe's effort to establish a single harmonized market in all EU countries and to apply consistent consumer protections in the marketplace. The CE logo is applied to the product or to its packaging.

Instructions

1. Become familiar with the CE program. CE marks are subject to a complex set of requirements in terms of which products are able to carry the CE mark and what sorts of certifications are needed before applying the CE mark to a product. Each product is regulated differently, so it's necessary to identify the requirements for your particular product. There is a link in the References section of this article to an overview of the CE program.

2. Don't fake it. Use of the CE mark without the proper certifications exposes a company to financial penalties and legal liability.

3. Use the correct format for reproduction. The CE mark must be, at a minimum, 5 mm high. In addition, the mark must follow the typesetting and graphic formats prescribed by the EU. You can download a copy of a properly-formatted CE mark at no charge. The logo is usually applied directly to the product, but in some cases, it is applied to the packaging instead. A link to the formatting requirements and the graphic downloads is included in the References section.

Tags: European Union, mark must, References section

Jobs In Mammography

The job outlook is good for mammographers.

Prevention and early detection of breast cancer can greatly improve a patient's cure and survival rate. Because of this, the job outlook is good for health care workers specializing in mammography.

A mammographer is a specialized professional who can take detailed images of a patient's breast to detect changes or areas of concerns. Most mammographers have degrees in radiologic technology or diagnostic medical sonography and are specialized in mammography. Radiologic technologists made an average of $52,210 in May 2008, while diagnostic medical sonographers made an average of $61,980.

Mammography Technologist

Mammography technologists typically work in a hospital, clinic or diagnostic imaging center. Ideal candidates for this job usually have previous experience working as a mammographer, know CPR, are licensed in the state as a radiology technician, and have an updated immunization record. Mammography techs take images of the patient's breasts, and assess a patient's history. They need to be physically fit enough to help move or position the patient and the equipment required for the images.

CT/MRI Technologist

More clinics and hospitals are searching for mammographers who also are certified in other specialties, such as taking CT scans and MRIs. In addition to holding licenses in multiple specialties, including mammography, CT, and MRI, employees in these jobs need previous exoperience and to have graduated from a radiologic technology or diagnostic medical sonography program.

Radiology Director

Experienced mammography technologists with leadership experience and certifications in other specialties may be qualified to oversee a radiology department or an imaging center. The director's primary responsibility is to oversee employees in the radiology department, develop policies and seek training to keep the department effective and progressive. Candidates usually hold at least a bachelor's degree in health care administration. The radiology director may provide advice to help a hospital or clinic's medical director make executive decisions.

Tags: diagnostic medical, diagnostic medical sonography, health care, hospital clinic, images patient, imaging center, made average

Job Interview Tips For A Cardiac Sonographer

Cardiac sonographers should tout previous experience at the job interview.

A number of positions in medicine deal specifically with heart health. One such job is that of cardiac sonographer, which involves taking and analyzing ultrasound images of the heart. According to the Mayo School of Health Sciences, demand for this position is expected to grow in the coming years.

Expertise

Cardiac sonography is a complex position that requires advanced knowledge of anatomy, medical technology and other specialized areas. At the interview, emphasize your expertise in these subjects. Express that you are well-versed in both the academic and technical aspects of the position. Also tout your educational training, as cardiac sonography jobs generally require at least two years of formal schooling.

Experience

Discuss in detail previous experience you have had in the healthcare industry, especially as a cardiac sonographer. Talk about relevant technology you've used before, such as Doppler imaging and ultrasound tools. Discuss internships and full-time positions you've had, and describe the settings where you've worked. Also describe your experience working with doctors, as cardiac sonographers work closely with physicians in overseeing the care of patients with heart issues.

Presentation

Presentation is important at a job interview, especially in a highly professional setting such as a hospital or health clinic. Dress in formal business attire. Shake hands with your interviewers and maintain eye contact during the interview. Pay attention to grooming and refrain from chewing gum or smoking before or after the interview.

Preparation

Good preparation is key to presenting yourself as both an interested and qualified candidate. Do background research on the institution for which you are interviewing. Understand the state of its cardiac sonography department. Understand the specific job responsibilities involved in the sonographer position you are applying for, and anticipate questions you will be asked about your experience, interest in the job, and personal and professional disposition.

Tags: cardiac sonographer, previous experience, with heart, your experience

Types Of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is by far the most common cancer for females, and the second most fatal type of cancer for women in the United States as well. Breast cancers are usually diagnosed as a result of abnormalities noticed on mammograms, or from lumps on the breast or changes in the consistency of the breast tissue. Breast cancer is the most common cause of death for females between the ages of forty-five and fifty-five years old. Breast cancer can occur in men, however, it is extremely rare. There are different types of breast cancers and not all of them are the same.

Invasive Breast Cancer

Invasive breast cancer is a common type of breast cancer that infiltrates outside of the membrane and lines the lobule or duct, thus invading the breast tissues that surround the membrane. As a result, the malignant cancerous cells are capable of traveling to other parts of the body and spreading out further including the lymph nodes. Invasive lobular carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma are both types of invasive breast cancer.

In Situ Breast Cancer

In situ breast cancer is another very common type of breast cancer. This is a noninvasive breast cancer in which the cancerous cells have remained at their point of origin. This means they haven't spread to the breast tissue surrounding the lobule or the duct, unlike in invasive breast cancers. Ductal carcinoma in situ is the most common form of noninvasive breast cancer. This type of breast cancer, with the appropriate treatment, has a very positive prognosis.

Less Common Breast Cancers

More unusual types of breast cancer generally originate not in lobules or ducts, but instead in the supporting tissue of the breasts such as blood vessels, lymphatic system, and fibrous connective tissue.Some rarer forms of breast cancer are phyllodes tumor, angiosarcoma, osteosarcoma, inflammatory breast cancer, Paget's disease of the breast and adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Breast Cancer Grade Types

With invasive types of breast cancers, there are tumor grades assigned. This grade is determined by how much the cells in the cancerous tissue look like normal breast tissue, upon examination under a microscope. Understanding the breast cancer tumor grade helps doctors determine which treatment options are appropriate for individuals. The levels are Grade 1, Grade 2 and Grade 3, with Grade 3 being the most severe.

Progesterone and Estrogen Receptors

Breast cancers are examined for the status of their hormone receptors, estrogen and progesterone. Receptors are proteins located outside of cells that can connect to certain chemicals, drugs or hormones that are moving through the bloodstream. There are two different types of breast cancer with regards to these receptors: hormone receptor positive and hormone receptor negative. Hormone receptor negative cancers generally spread and grow much faster than hormone receptor positive cancers.

Tags: breast cancer, breast cancer, Breast Cancer, Breast cancer, breast cancers, breast tissue, hormone receptor

Is Soreness And Swelling Breast Cancer

Breast swelling and soreness commonly occur due to natural hormone fluctuation. However, swelling and pain can also signify chronic hormone imbalance or breast infections. If your breasts remain swollen and sore for more than a few weeks, or the pain is very uncomfortable, go to your doctor.

While cancer is not usually the cause of pain and swelling, it is a possibility.

Features

Breast swelling and soreness is often caused by hormonal changes that occur during menstruation, menopause or pregnancy. Swelling and pain may also be a symptom of mastitis.

Swelling sometimes occurs more in one breast than in the other breast. Changes in general feel, such as lumpiness, is common if the cause is hormonal.

If mastitis or another infection is causing swelling, the breasts may feel tender and hot.

Identification

When breast swelling and soreness persist past the normal menstrual cycle, you should talk to your physician. She may suggest scheduling an appointment. During your appointment, your doctor will examine your breasts and may order an ultrasound or other imaging procedures to rule out infections, cysts, cancer or any breast abnormalities.

Prevention/Solution

If your pain and swelling occur monthly due to hormones; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicine, such as ibuprofen, may help. Avoid drinks containing caffeine during this time; caffeine promotes swelling.

Chronic breast pain and swelling that is caused by hormones require special care. You may require hormone supplements

For mastitis, your doctor will prescribe antibiotics. Nursing mothers are especially prone to mastitis. If you are nursing, you may be able to prevent mastitis by keeping nipples clean and by emptying your breasts frequently.

Warning

One rare type of cancer, called inflammatory breast cancer, can cause swelling and pain. Because this cancer is aggressive, the sooner a doctor diagnoses and treats this, the better. If you are concerned about breast swelling or pain, do not put off going to your doctor.

Time Frame

Breasts may swell and become tender a few days to a week before menstruation or may remain tender throughout a woman's period. Some women experience tenderness around ovulation, as well. Chronic tenderness can also occur. This is usually caused by hormone imbalance or an undetected infection.

Considerations

Although hormones cause most cases of breast soreness or swelling, these symptoms may be covering up other problems. Be aware of changes in the breasts and discuss these changes with your doctor. At the least, doing this will put your mind at ease if it turns out to be nothing serious.

Always speak with your physician if you also have swelling in the arms or armpits.

Tags: your doctor, pain swelling, swelling soreness, your breasts, Breast swelling soreness, doctor will, hormone imbalance

Reduce Phone Radiation

Your cell phone emits radio waves, or radiofrequency energy.

During a 2009 hearing before the Senate, senior scientist Olga V. Naidenko, with the Environmental Working Group, warned about the dangers of radiation from the use of cell phones. She said that the phones can include a slightly increased risk of malignant brain tumors and salivary gland tumors. You can lower your risk by using your phone less and taking other measures to reduce phone radiation. These precautionary methods can include switching to a low-radiation phone and using a headset.

Instructions

1. Check the specific absorption rate (SAR) for your brand and model of phone. This information, which indicates how much radiation your phone emits, should be available from the manufacturer or in your phone's manual. Low-radiation phones will be at or less than 0.3 W/kg, and high-radiation phones must emit no more than 1.6 W/kg, as regulated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). If you have a phone with high radiation emissions, switch to a brand that does not emit as much.

2. Turn your phone off when you do not need to use it. If you do keep it on all day, place it in a handbag or backpack rather than in your pocket. Storing the phone away from your body when it is turned on will help you avoid the radiation.

3. Limit your use of the cell phone whenever possible. Sending messages, either through texting or speaking, will emit more radiation than receiving messages.

4. Substitute texting for calling as much as you can. Texting uses less radiation and the phone will be further away from your body, especially your head.

5. Invest in a headset or use the phone in speaker mode. A headset will still emit radiation, warns senior scientist Olga V. Naidenko, but it will emit less than the cell phone. When you are finished with your call, remove the headset right away. Certain brands of wireless headsets can emit low radiation, even when they are not in use.

6. Keep your phone away from your body during a call, while using a headset or speaker mode.

7. Use your phone only in areas where you receive a strong signal. When your phone has to work harder to get your message through in poor signal areas, it emits more radiation.

Tags: your phone, away from, away from your, cell phone, from your

Natural Therapies For Treatment Of Postmenopausal Symptoms

Postmenopause is the period after menopause, when a woman's ovaries have stopped producing eggs and female hormone levels have declined, causing symptoms such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness and forgetfulness. While most symptoms gradually decline following the onset of menopause, some women experience similar and new complaints afterward. They may benefit from remedies for postmenopausal symptoms.

Hormone-Related Symptoms

Phytoestrogen and phytoprogesterones are plant compounds belonging to a larger group called phytosterols that are very similar in structure and activity to progesterone and estrogen. Supplements with herbs and foods high in these chemicals can alleviate some of the symptoms of postmenopause. As estrogen and progesterone production has declined significantly, many women continue to experience conditions such as hot flashes, night sweats, flushing and palpitations for up to 10 years after the end of menopause. Some postmenopausal women experience new conditions such as facial hair growth caused by a new imbalance in the ratio of male and female hormones. As estrogen and progesterone levels have fallen, testosterone is able to exert more influence causing hair growth and contributing to mood swings and the aforementioned vaginal dryness. Supplements known to be high in phytoestrogens are red clover, dong quai, black cohosh and soy products. Wild yam extract is a primary ingredient in natural progesterone creams and is known to have both progesterone properties and is a proestrogenic phytonutrient that may increase the levels of estrogen within the body.

Vaginal and Urinary Symptoms

After estrogen and progesterone production declines, vaginal secretions decrease, resulting in dryness. This contributes to pain during intercourse and may also lead to an increase in the risk of vaginal infections. Many water-based vaginal lubricants are available over the counter and can be used to reduce these symptoms. Urine retention may become a problem during postmenopause as the muscles surrounding the bladder atrophy, adversely affecting bladder control. Saw palmetto has been shown to increase bladder tone and urinary retention and, in the event of urinary leakage, several products are commercially available for garment protection. Kegal exercises have shown some benefit in strengthening the muscles of the vagina and pelvis, which may reduce sexual and urinary discomfort.

Bone and Brain Function

Osteoporosis and loss of mental acuity are two symptoms of natural aging that dramatically increase after menopause. Osteoporosis will contribute to bone breakage in nearly 50 percent of women over the age of 50. A high quality calcium and vitamin D supplement should be taken by any woman who is in postmenopause to treat bone density loss and aid in the prevention of osteoporosis. Gingko biloba has been shown to increase mental alertness and improve memory retention in postmenopausal women.

Tags: after menopause, estrogen progesterone, been shown, been shown increase, conditions such, estrogen progesterone production, experience conditions

Colleges Near Spring Hill Florida

Even a small college can offer some great professional degrees.

College is a doorway from a simple job to a career.

The college experience is often rewarding and enlightening, a collective of business

professionals and educators who have a wealth of experience and knowledge.

Many people who are seeking to expand their professional credentials find their

experiences in college to be rich with the potential of networking with fellow alumni.

It is often a pathway to a brighter future and ensure a more secure job outlook.

Pasco-Hernando Community College

Pasco-Hernando Community College or commonly referred to as PHCC, is a local college to Spring Hill in the nearby neighboring town of Brooksville. PHCC has a center located in Spring Hill that makes access to finding out more about their degree offerings and curricula very convenient.

PHCC offers different certification programs available in less-than-1-year programs, less-than-2-year programs, and it also offers GED and associate degrees.

Keiser Career College‎

Keiser Career College‎ specializes in training for those seeking a medical profession such as nursing. What most people do not realize about Keiser is they also offer computer networking training.

Trinity College of Florida‎

Trinity College of Florida‎ offers degrees in biblical studies and ministry for aspiring ministers. You can also enroll there for your Associate of Arts degree in General Studies. Trinity College has a charitable philosophy, with their annual charitable donation drives and their scholarships they offer.

Rasmussen College

Rasmussen College, Pasco County‎ is near Lake Destiny. Originally started as a School of Business, Rasmussen College has expanded to include multiple degree programs and offers everything from associate to a master's level degree. Rasmussen offers programs in Health, Business, Education, Justice, Nursing and Technology & Design.

Central Florida Community College

CFCC in Lecanto FL is a county over in Citrus County, but depending on where you live in Spring Hill, it is about a 30-minute commute. Although the main campus for CFCC is in Ocala, Florida (Marion County), the Citrus campus

offers an array of degree programs and educational classes. CFCC is a fully accredited community college and offers mostly associate degree programs,

making fully possible the transition to a university later on.

Marchman Technical Ed Center‎

Marchman Technical Ed Center‎ is a prolific educational center offering a wide variety of courses, such as culinary, commercial art, health, AC / heating, electrical, carpentry, computer systems technology, cosmetology, criminal justice, early childhood education, marine mechanics, new media and veterinary training. Marchman is a little farther south in New Port Richey, which is convenient for those residents living farther south in Spring Hill.

University of South Florida‎

With the nearby expressway, you can get to the USF campus in 30-45 minutes.

USF is one of the top 63 research universities, since this college is a full university you can find a degree in all the major industries. USF offers degree programs up to the doctorate level and is considered to be a "high-level research" facility by Carnegie Mellon.

Tags: Spring Hill, degree programs, Rasmussen College, Trinity College, Career College, College Florida, Community College

Preventive Health Care For Women

Preventive health care for women involves taking control of your health so that you can stave off health concerns, as well as scheduling periodic screening tests that can help indicate if you have cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure or other health issues. As part of a preventive lifestyle, you should also eat nutritional foods, increase your physical activity and decrease health risks such as smoking and excessive drinking. Proactive health care can protect you from future---or additional---harm.

Mammograms

Getting regularly scheduled mammograms is important for obtaining a diagnosis of breast cancer. If caught in time, many forms of breast cancer can be treated effectively. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommends that women have mammograms done annually after the age of 40.

Pap Smears

Another useful preventive health-care measure for women involves having a test for cervical cancer known as a pap smear. It is recommended to have a pap smear done every one to three years if you are between the ages of 21 and 65 and/or have ever been sexually active. This recommendation is part of guidelines set forth by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services for women's health (see "References").

Blood Work

According to the American Heart Association, you need to know your "numbers" for your doctor to ascertain if there are any underlying health concerns that need to be addressed. Blood work will reveal whether your blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels are high. Elevated levels are a leading indicator for heart disease and stroke. High blood-sugar levels could reveal a predisposition to diabetes. Low blood sugar would indicate hypoglycemia and require different treatment.

Healthy Lifestyle

Finally, an essential part of preventive health care involves living a healthy lifestyle. The American Health Association and USDA recommend eating a healthy diet that is not only high in fiber and antioxidants, but also low in fat and cholesterol. It's important to eat a variety of fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, beans and other legumes, low-fat protein sources such as fish and chicken, and olive and other "heart healthy" oils. Limit your intake of processed and fried foods.

Exercise is an essential component, as it can help you maintain a healthy weight. Obesity is a leading risk factor for poor health. The benefits of exercise also include decreasing "bad" cholesterol (HDL) levels, reducing stress, and lowering the risk of various health ailments such as heart disease and high blood pressure. According to the American Heart Association, exercise does not have to be strenuous, and can involve gardening and even household chores. Optimally, however, strive for 30 minutes of aerobic exercise, five times per week.

Other proactive steps you can take involve quitting smoking and limiting the excessive consumption of alcohol.

Tags: According American, According American Heart, American Heart, American Heart Association, blood pressure, breast cancer, Department Health

Mri Tech Salaries In Missouri

A technician specializing in magnetic resonance imaging operates scanning equipment that produces high-quality images of interior body structures. Doctors use these images to diagnose, interpret and treat health disorders. During the scanning process, the MRI tech monitors the patient's safety and comfort while viewing the images to verify quality. MRI tech salaries in Missouri vary by location.

Nationwide Data

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics includes all radiologic technicians and technologists, such as those specializing in MRI, computed tomography or standard X-rays, in its salary figures for this occupation. The nationwide median salary for these healthcare workers in 2009 was $25.59 per hour, or $53,240 per year. For MRI techs in particular, the nationwide median salary as of March 2011 was $64,616 per year, according to Salary.com. The middle 50 percent of MRI technologists earn $59,110 to $70,032 per year. The top 10 percent have annual salaries of $74,963 and above, and the bottom 10 percent $54,098 and lower.

Missouri Radiologic Technicians

Including all types of radiologic technicians, the median salary in Missouri in 2009 was $23.46 per hour, translating to about $48,800 per year, according to the BLS. The middle 50 percent of Missouri radiologic technicians were earning $19.32 to $28.01 per hour, or $40,190 to $58,250 per year. The bottom 10 percent had annual salaries of $33,160 and below, and the top 10 percent $66,880 and higher.

Geography

Location matters when it comes to MRI tech salaries in Missouri, shows Salary.com. The median pay rate is highest in the state's largest city, St. Louis, at $64,229 per year as of March 2011. In contrast, the median salary for MRI techs in Joplin is $51,086. MRI technologists in Springfield have a median wage of $58,155 per year, in Jefferson City $59,059, in Hannibal $59,544 and in St. Joseph $60,544.

MRI Tech Salary Range

The lowest MRI tech salaries in this group of Missouri cities were in Joplin, where the bottom 10 percent were earning $42,770 per year and less. The highest salaries were in St. Louis, where the top 10 percent were earning $74,514 and higher. For a more representative view of Missouri as a whole, you might look at the cities with salaries between those two extremes. The bottom 10 percent there were earning $48,688 and less, the middle 50 percent $53,199 to $65,619, and the top 10 percent $70,239 and higher.

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Metastatic Breast Cancer

Metastatic breast cancer is a cancer that has spread to other areas of the body, as well as other organ systems. Once the cancer cells have spread, they continue to grow and multiply. In metastatic breast cancer, the original breast tissue cells have grown irregularly and spread to distant locations of the body.

Some sobering statistics:

In persons with breast cancer, the risk of metastasis is ever-present. Twenty-five percent of breast cancers metastasize to the bones, while between 60 to 70 percent will spread to the lungs.

Metastatic breast cancer commonly spreads to the liver. In fact, more than 66 percent of women with metastatic breast cancer will ultimately have it in the liver.

Almost one third of all women who have an initial diagnosis of cancer limited to the breast will ultimately develop it somewhere else in the body.

What to expect when metastasis has been discovered:

Depending upon where the cancer has spread to, be it the lung, bones, brain or liver, it is certain that additional treatment is mandatory. They type and duration of treatment will depend largely upon the type of breast cancer being treated, the location and magnitude of the metastasis and what symptoms are being displayed.

Additional testing is almost certain to be needed.

Treatment options for metastatic breast cancer:

Hormone therapy: This treatment focuses on blocking the effects of estrogen produced normally in the body, or actually reducing the estrogen levels in the body in an effort to reduce the growth and proliferation of the breast cancer cells throughout the body.

Biologic targeted therapy: This option targets the breast cancer tissue cell with a variety of biologic agents that act upon the cells in different ways to render them inactive, destroy them or block their growth and proliferation.

Radiation therapy: The use of high energy, penetrating electron beams to kill and/or hinder the growth of the cancer cells.

Surgery: Surgical procedures may ease symptoms and retard the cancer's progress.

Chemotherapy: The use of chemical agents, delivered to the body by way of the venous system, in an attempt to destroy tumor cells.

Eat to Survive:

Clinical studies have shown that fat reduction in the diet can help prevent recurrences in certain types of breast cancer, mainly the estrogen-receptor negative (-) type. Although there were no significant changes in survival rates among persons with the estrogen-receptor positive types on low-fat diets, there were some benefits. Overall it is widely accepted that excess calories increase risk of all breast cancer types.

Get smart, to prevent.

There are many ways to get proactive about breast cancer prevention. Learn and follow these basic tenets and you can reduce the risk: Exercise, stay slim, quit smoking, drink less alcohol, get good at breast self-examination and get regular examinations.

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Radiography Tech Certification

Radiologic technologists take X-rays and other diagnostic images for medical purposes.

Radiography technologists or radiologic technologists use special equipment to create diagnostic images used by doctors. The number of jobs for radiological technologists is expected to grow by 17 percent from 2008 to 2018, a rate nearly double the average rate for all other occupations. As of May 2009, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported the median annual salary of radiologic technologists to be $53,240.

Education

In order to qualify for certification as a radiography tech, it is necessary to complete a degree or certificate program from a school that has been accredited by the Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology, or JRCERT. Education requirements in this field are not standardized, so it is possible to obtain a bachelor's degree, associate's degree or a one-year certificate and obtain employment. Education requirements vary by employer.

Registration

Some certification organizations, like the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists, or ARRT, require radiography techs to register prior to taking a certification exam. ARRT certification is voluntary and not required for licensing, but some states do require registration in order to be licensed. Registration with the ARRT does not automatically ensure employment, but it does show employers that you have met the requirements to work as a radiologic technologist. ARRT registration is also the first step of the certification process.

Licensing

Licensing is necessary component of the entire certification process in most states because it allows you to legally work as a radiography tech in your state. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most states require some type of licensing. Each individual state determines licensing requirements, so it is necessary to check with your state board of health to determine requirements in your own state. Licensing is a fairly simple process in most states that requires you to fill out an application and submit it, along with the appropriate application fees and a copy of your ARRT registration card (if applicable).

Certification

Certification is an indication that you have met the highest standards in the field. Certification can be obtained through the ARRT once you are registered and your qualifications are reviewed. An additional application and fee are required to apply for certification beyond the initial registration phase. The committee will then review your application and allow you to sit for the examination. Certification is offered in various fields of advanced practice, like mammography, bone densitometry and vascular sonography.

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