The FDA trains regulators on food-borne illness and other topics.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration conducts classroom and computer-based training programs on multiple topics related to food and drug safety. It trains its own employees and serves as a leading educator for state, local and international regulatory officials throughout the year.
ORAU
ORAU is the Office of Regulatory Affairs online university. This is the FDA's educational arm. It provides classroom training and web conferences, satellite broadcasts and video conferences. ORA personnel and national and international officials benefit from these courses.
Classroom Training
The FDA conducts courses at locations across the country at no cost. In 2010, for example, the administration offered "Foodborne Illness Investigations" in four locations. Courses carry continuing education credits and can last up to three days. Enrollment is limited.
FDA Employee Training
FDA employees, who have special educational opportunities, access training through the administration's intranet. Employees increase their technological skills through a special project called EduNeering. These courses include segments such as "Principles of Good Documentation" and "Principles of Auditing."
FDA Courses On Loan
Trained state or federal facilitators can borrow courses from the FDA library and present them locally. Facilitators use materials and answer keys then return them after completion. Topics include "The Seafood HACCP Regulatory Training Course" and "The Food Macrobiological Control Course."
Some stereoscope applications are still in use today. Stereoscopes use principles associated with human vision to produce entertaining still-life images that appear three-dimensional. Photographic and particularly motion picture technology largely displaced stereoscopes as entertainment media, although in one particular modern incarnation the stereoscope is still commonplace.
You Likely Know Without Knowing So
If you live in the U.S., and are old enough to read this, you've probably used a stereoscope. Although nowadays one finds antique stereoscopes only in historical exhibits, society still uses some stereoscopic technology applications. You'll likely find one in most homes with children. Can you figure out what as you read?
That's Entertainment
Invented in 1838 by Charles Wheatstone as a means to enhance the realism of two-dimensional images, a stereoscope is a simple viewing device. Preceding invention of photography, stereoscopes first made use of drawn (sketched) images. Later, these devices used photographed images. In a day before motion picture entertainment existed, stereoscopes soon became a popular entertainment choice. Many home-use stereoscopes had an updated design invented by Oliver Wendell Holmes.
Based on Principles of Binocular Vision
The stereoscope is based on the principles of binocular vision. Human vision operates by taking different two dimensional images, one from each eye, and transmitting the separate images to the brain. The brain unites those images into a three-dimensional pattern. Stereoscopes operate by mimicking the function of human vision.
Description of the Stereoscope
A stereoscope uses a set of lenses and a set of pictures. For each scene to be enjoyed, the stereoscope employed two drawings or, later, two photographs of the same thing, set into a box-like container. The images represented what, respectively, the left and right eye would see if one actually looked at the drawn or photographed object. Positioned inside the stereoscope about two inches apart, or about the same distance between someone's left and right eye, and viewed through the stereoscope's lenses, the stereoscope provided the illusion of a three-dimensional image. One may sometimes find stereoscopes called stereopticons or stereo viewers. The specially designed image cards were called stereographs.
Impact of Motion Pictures
From the 1840s to the 1930s, stereoscope viewing enjoyed considerable popularity. The rise of motion picture entertainment, however, resulted in decline of the stereoscope's popularity. However, the later 20th century saw resurgence of stereoscopic technology in a few modified ways. One of those ways went hand-in-hand with motion picture technology.
Modern Uses of Stereoscope Technology
Have you figured out in what form you know stereoscopic technology? The most common modern use of stereoscopic technology was, in fact, ranked one of the top 50 toys of the 20th century, though its original use wasn't as a toy at all. The ViewMaster 3D viewing device that most children from the 1950s on grew up with is, in fact, a kind of stereoscope. The earliest ViewMasters were actually marketed as tourist souvenirs rather than toys. The other modern use of stereoscope technology is 3D glasses that enable people to experience computer-generated virtual reality as a three-dimensional experience. Occasionally, the motion picture industry also creates movies designed for three-dimensional experiencing with use of similar 3D glasses.
Tags: motion picture, stereoscopic technology, 20th century, human vision, left right, motion picture entertainment, motion picture technology
There are a number of grants for black women returning to college.
Due in part to the growing number of non-traditional students, many colleges and private organizations are offering grants and scholarships to older women and minorities. Non-traditional is the term schools use to identify students who are older than their just-out-of-high-school peers. Black women over the age of 50 may find the number of grants open to them very surprising. Even more interesting is that statistics show that women have a greater success rate in undergraduate programs than men. If you are an African American woman over 50, the time may be right for you to obtain the degree you've always wanted.
Where to Start
The first step in finding grants is to fill out a Free Application for Federal Student Aid or FAFSA. Completing this form automatically submits you for Federal Pell Grant eligibility. Pell Grants are income-based grants and are open to everyone regardless of age or race. If you qualify for a Pell Grant you may also be eligible for a Supplemental Opportunity Grant. Submission for this grant is automatic with the completion of the FAFSA. Women interested in attending a women's college will also find many college-specific grants open to them. Spelman College, Wellesley College and Bennett College all offer grants to women based on merit and need regardless of age. Spelman and Bennett Colleges are both historically black women colleges.
Grants for Black Women
Black women should continue their grant search by visiting the United Negro College Fund website. Many grants and scholarships are available on the site with no age preferences. The NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) offers links to grants and scholarships for women on its website as well. Women currently enrolled in a college program may qualify for the Julianne Malveaux scholarship, which grants awards to black women in their sophomore or junior years. Another grant opportunity is the American Association of University Women, which provides grants targeted to black women pursuing careers in minority under-represented fields such as business, law and medicine.
Specific Career Grants
Women interested in pursuing careers in teaching, nursing and engineering will find many grant offerings. Growing demand for diversity in these fields spawned many colleges and professional organizations to offer grants as encouragement to women entering these fields. The National Black Nurses Association offers grants between $500 to $2,000 per year to black women enrolled in a four-year nursing program and the National Science Foundation offers fellowships to women in engineering, math and computer sciences. The TEACH grant program awards women dedicating themselves to teaching in low income schools up to $4,000 per year.
Grants for Disadvantaged Women
Black women over the age of 50 who are in extreme economic need may qualify for the Jeanette Rankin Foundation Grant, which provides awards for non-traditional student pursing a two- or four-year degree. The Women's Independence Scholarship program offers grants to domestic abuse survivors with no age qualifications. The Business and Professional Women's Association targets its grants toward non-traditional college age women in great economic need.
Tags: black women, grants open, grants scholarships, Black women, economic need, find many, Grants Black
A lipoma--or fatty tumor--is a lump that develops underneath the skin. It doesn't turn into a cancerous growth, but it can cause congestions and discomfort. Typically, a lipoma must be surgically removed. But herbals treatments exists which not only prevent the development of lipomas in the first place, but also combat existing lipomas. These include chickweed, lemon juice, cedar ointment, and the inclusion of bitters in your diet.
Chickweed
Chickweed has been known to help treat a lipoma. Chickweed tincture can be obtained from any herbal store. Take a teaspoon of chickweed tincture, three times each day. It may be more effective to use a chickweed ointment, also available at most herbal stores, which can be rubbed directly onto the affected area of the skin. Apply the ointment once a day. If the tincture or the ointment doesn't produce results--the elimination of discomfort or the shrinking of the lipoma itself--cease the use of chickweed and try another herbal remedy.
Bitters
Bitter herbs and foods greatly increase your body's ability to digest fats--which is essentially what lipomas are. The bitters help speed up your fat metabolism by stimulating the gallbladder and liver. Thus, regularly incorporating bitter foods and herbs into your diet will not only prevent the future development of lipomas, but also combat any lipomas you currently have. Bitter herbs include yarrow, wormwood, gentian, golden seal, rue, southernwood, centaury, and boneset. Bitter foods include olives, citrus peel, dandelion greens, and unsweetened chocolate.
Lemon Juice
Consider adding lemon juice to the water that you drink. Lemon juice works to eliminate toxins from the body by stimulating and strengthening the digestive system and purifying the liver. Because of its toxin-eliminating properties, lemon water will help prevent and even treat fatty tumors, or lipoma.
Cedar
Try applying a cedar (Thuja occidentalis) ointment on the affected area of the skin three times a day. Combine five drops of cedar extract (available along with the ointment at herbal stores) with a couple of teaspoons of water and drink three times a day. Then massage the ointment into the skin of the affected area.
Tags: affected area, three times, affected area skin, also combat, area skin, Bitter herbs, development lipomas
A health savings account (HSA) is a special savings plan available to certain individuals with high-deductible health insurance plans (HDHPs.). According to the IRS, a health insurance plan must have a minimum annual deductible of $1,200 for single coverage and $2,400 for family coverage to qualify for an HSA. Those eligible for HSAs may commit funds to their accounts on a pretax basis and use savings for a variety of health expenses.
Common Medical Care Costs
Savers can use the funds in health savings accounts to pay for a variety of common medical care costs. You use an HSA to pay for most common type of medical care that is normally covered by health insurance plans, such as routine doctor's visits, preventive care and surgery. According to the IRS, in general, any health expense that qualifies as tax deduction is also a qualifying expense for HSAs. Wells Fargo states that ambulance costs, dental costs and nursing home costs are qualified expenses.
Shared Costs
Health insurance plans often include cost sharing between the insurance company and the policyholder. You must pay your deductible before the insurance company will cover health care costs, and even after the deductible you may have to pay copay (flat fees) on certain types of care or coinsurance (a percentage of the total cost of care.). The Mayo Clinic says that HSA funds can go toward deductibles, copay and coinsurance costs.
Other Qualifying Expenses
There are many less common medical expenses that qualify for HSA funds. According to Wells Fargo, expenses including acupuncture, artificial limbs or prosthesis, contact lenses, hearing aids and hearing aid batteries and prescription medicines are qualified HSA expenses. Certain over-the-counter drugs such as sleep aids and cold medicine may qualify for HSA with a prescription from a doctor.
Non-Qualified Uses
HSAs can be used to pay for qualifying medical expenses tax free, but account-holders may also withdraw funds for non-qualified expenses if they desire. Wells Fargo states that if you use an HSA on non-qualifying expenses, you will incur a 20 percent penalty (the penalty was 10 percent before Jan. 1, 2011) and you will have to pay income tax on the funds. If you are older than 65, you are not subject to the 20 percent penalty.
Tags: health insurance, insurance plans, Wells Fargo, care costs, Fargo states
Normal vision involves incoming light rays focusing precisely on the eye's retina. Common vision problems occur when the light rays don't reach the retina. There are several different types of eye vision problems.
Myopia
Myopia, or nearsightedness, occurs when eyes have too much focusing power, which results in blurred distant objects. Myopic conditions are caused by long eyeballs or steep corneas.
Hyperopia
Hyperopia, commonly referred to as farsightedness, results in distorted close vision. A hyperopic condition occurs when a cornea is flat or an eyeball is too short.
Astigmatism
Astigmatic eyes have uneven surfaces or oblong corneas, which results in more than one focal point. This hereditary condition causes blurred vision and can accompany myopia or hyperopia.
Presbyopia
Presbyopia makes it hard to focus on close objects. Presbyopia is a natural aging process that causes hardened eye lenses and weakened eye muscles.
Other Vision Problems
Glaucoma involves increased pressure in the eye, which causes loss of side vision, blind spots and poor night vision. Cataracts cloud the eye's lens, which results in poor nighttime vision, glare sensitivity and halos around lights.
Charities stand accused of not helping the needy help themselves.
Charity is not seen by everyone as a positive and constructive aspect of society. Although charities send a significant amount of aid and money to the people, places and animals of the world that need it most, some people have concerns about where the money actually goes and how it is distributed. Charity organizations have also been criticized for their inability to fight the root of the problems they target.
Symptoms vs. Causes
From homeless drug users to the deforestation of the Amazon Rain Forest, charities reach far and wide in their aid. But critics say they do little to stem or stop the problems at the source. Many charities are accused of providing only short-term solutions for an otherwise growing and worsening problem. Poverty charities, for example, help and treat those without financial support, but only a fraction of the organization's donations might be used toward changing government legislation and brokering global economic deals to stop poverty at its source.
Self-Defeating Charities
Critics say charities are too self-defeating and that they take pressure away from the institutions and organizations that need to be held responsible for the problems. For example, helping the homeless provides shelter and food for those who need it. However, reducing the numbers of homeless deaths, drug users and criminals takes pressure away from the local governments that are failing to provide shelter and drug treatment programs. The local government could then cut resources for the homeless because the charities are doing the work for them.
Inhumanity and Reliance
In an interview with Ode Magazine, Muhammad Yunus, the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize Winner, said that charity does not provide the basis for a strong human relationship between people. Yunus' point was that through the continuous giving of charities, those in need are labeled as people who cannot fend for themselves. This demoralizes people, Yunus said, and it makes it difficult for them to break away from the label they have been given. Charity also prevents them from helping themselves. Charities that continually give can condition those with problems to expect charity when adverse circumstances arise. Giving money and resources to poorer countries in need of shelter and water is helpful in the short term, but without educating people on install new water pumps and build more shelters, those countries become reliant on donations.
Aggressive Campaigning
Some street fundraisers have been accused of being too aggressive.
Charities can be known for their aggressive and guilt-trip campaign strategies. Street fundraisers -- also known as charity muggers or "chuggers" -- have become a particular problem in some places because they aggressively harass people on the street into giving money. Local councils and governments are implementing restrictions on where and how they can operate. Some street fundraisers earn commission on donations, which gives them further incentive to use aggressive tactics.
Tags: away from, drug users, have been, people Yunus, pressure away, pressure away from
Computed tomography technicians and technologists specialize in a type of radiologic procedure that creates three-dimensional images doctors use for diagnostic purposes. Computed tomography techs have a bright employment outlook, as the scans increasingly are ordered instead of preliminary X-rays, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). About half of all computed tomography technicians earn at least $59,000 per year as of 2011.
Broad Category Salaries
The BLS combines salary data for all radiologic techs, including those specializing in computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The average pay rate for these workers as of May 2010 was $55,730 per year, equaling $26.80 per hour. The median salary was a bit lower, at $26.13 per hour. The bottom 10 percent of computed tomography technicians and other radiologic techs had wages at or below $17.55 per hour, and the top 10 percent made more than $37 per hour.
Computed Tomography Salaries
Computed tomography technologists in particular had a median annual salary of $59,104 as of May 2011, according to Salary.com. That translates to about $28.40 per hour. The middle 50 percent of computed tomography techs were earning $54,174 to $65,096 per year. The bottom 10 percent of the pay scale was at or below $49,686 per year, and the top 10 percent higher than $70,550 per year.
Geography
Radiologic techs in general earn higher salaries in certain parts of the country, as listed by the BLS, and Salary.com confirms some of these locations for computed tomography technicians in particular. The median annual salary for a computed tomography tech as of May 2011 was $60,404 in Albany, New York; $61,764 in Wilmington, Delaware; $62,118 in Providence, Rhode Island; $62,296 in Minneapolis, Minnesota; $64,423 in Washington, D.C.; $66,019 in Boston, Massachusetts; and $70,925 in San Jose, California. The top 10 percent of computed tomography technicians in San Jose earned more than $84,000 per year.
Advancement
With experience, a computed tomography tech may advance to chief computed tomography technologist for a more lucrative salary. The median salary for this profession as of May 2011 was $73,149 per year, according to Salary.com. The top 10 percent of chief computed tomography technologists were earning more than $89,500 per year, and the bottom 10 percent had salaries below $57,950 per year.
If you cannot afford private health insurance, Medicaid may be able to help. Medicaid is the federal health insurance program that brings health care to low-income individuals and families. If you live in Georgia and meet the eligibility requirements for coverage, visit the Georgia Department of Family and Children Services to apply.
Citizenship and Residency
To be eligible for Medicaid in Georgia, you must be a U.S. citizen or legal immigrant residing in the state. Coverage does not transfer between states. Along with your application, you must submit proof of identity and citizenship. SSI recipients and Medicare beneficiaries are exempt from providing documentation. Some acceptable forms of documentation include Certificate of Citizenship or Naturalization, current or expired U.S. passport, official military record, birth certificate or state-issued identification card. Proper documentation is required for all household members applying for coverage.
Eligibility Groups
Georgia Medicaid applicants must fall into one of several eligibility categories. Pregnant women and infants born to Medicaid-eligible pregnant women can receive the coverage. The infant can receive coverage for the first year of life as long as the income guidelines are met. Children under the age of 19 and parents or caretakers living in a household with children are eligible. Adults age 65 or older who are disabled or blind can also apply for Medicaid. A disability must be verified through the Social Security Administration. The processing time for a disabled Medicaid application typically takes longer than the average 45-day review period.
Income
Strict income limits apply. All sources of income from each household member are included in the total gross monthly income. Child support, alimony and Social Security must be reported. The income restrictions require you to earn and/or receive less than a specified amount of the Federal Poverty Level based on the number of people living in a household. Pregnant women and infants are limited to an income 200 percent of the FPL. Children age 5 and under can have a household income 133 percent of the FPL. If you have children between the ages of 6 and 19, the income must be at or below 100 percent of the FPL. Low-income adults with dependent children are allowed $356 per month for a household of two, as of 2011. Medicaid also covers nursing home care and hospice, when necessary. An individual's income cannot exceed $2,022 per month.
If your income is too high and you have a significant amount of medical expenses each month, you may qualify for the medically needy program. Pregnant women, children, elderly and disabled or blind individuals who fall into the income guidelines after subtracting medical expenses from their income, can receive coverage. In 2001, a single person applying through the medically needy program is limited to an income of no more than $208 per month after medical deductions.
Asset Limits
Georgia Medicaid places asset restrictions on certain eligibility groups. For the medically needy program, countable resources cannot exceed $2,000 per person or $4,000 per couple. Medicare beneficiaries are allowed $6,680 for an individual or $10,020 for a couple. Nursing home and hospice applicants can possess up to $2,000 per person or $3,000 per couple. Countable assets include liquid items, such as bank accounts, stocks, bonds, cash, real estate or boats. Your home, primary vehicle used for work or medical transportation, personal possessions and pre-paid funeral expenses are exempt.
Tags: medically needy, medically needy program, needy program, Pregnant women, receive coverage, cannot exceed, Children under
A card warms the soul and touches the heart, especially during a difficult time. A card is a sweet gesture that lets a family member, friend, client, neighbor or colleague know that you care. It shows that you are concerned that they are suffering and that you are thinking of them. Sometimes, it can be hard to find the right words. A get well card should be brief, simple and cheerful. Here are some tips that can help you write a great message.
Instructions
1. Consider the degree of seriousness of the injury, illness or accident. Determine what kind of card would be appropriate for the emotions and mindset of the recipient. If she has a terminal illness, send a "Thinking of You" card rather than a get well card. A get well card may seem insensitive to her.
2. Write the recipient's name on the inside of the card at the top. You can also use a nickname of a loved one if you have a close relationship. Be formal and use Mr. or Mrs. if the person is not a close friend.
3. Write that you are sorry that they are feeling ill, hurt or unwell. Use a generic message and don't go into the specifics of the situation. Don't dwell on the injury, accident or illness. Avoid mentioning other people who have the same injury or illness. Try to be as cheerful and pleasant as you can. Express your concern for their well-being. Use "Get well soon," "Hope you feel better soon" or "Wishing you a speedy recovery" in this part of the card.
4. Express warm wishes and thoughts to the recipient. Use messages of encouragement because they can help the patient think positively. If appropriate, offer a prayer. Thank him for his friendship and support. In this part of the card, you can write that you would like to visit or call if he feels up to it, but state that you understand if it's not possible.
5. Choose a funny get well message if the recipient is suffering from a minor health issue or a minor injury. It will make her smile, brighten her day and promote healing. Think of some jokes or quotes that you can tell the patient if you will be visiting her.
6. Plan your words carefully if you are sending it to a seriously ill recipient. The focal point should be happy or funny memories that you treasure with the person. Avoid saying "I know how you feel," because you don't.
7. Write a personal but generic message to a coworker. You can write a saying such as "We miss you at the office," or "We need you at work. Come back soon." Try "The place isn't the same without you" or "Looking forward to your return" as well.
8. Offer a helping hand to ease the recipient's responsibility. Be specific in this statement, such as helping to water plants, cooking, picking up the mail, babysitting or taking care of a pet. Remember that most people are uncomfortable asking for help, so this offer is often greatly appreciated.
9. Offer hope that healing will begin soon and that you hope that he will start to feel better soon in the final sentence.
10. Close the card with the proper phrase such as "Your friend," "Sincerely," "Love" or "Yours truly," depending on the relationship that you have with the recipient.
11. Include an inspirational article clipping, bookmark, encouragement card or a prayer card. Send balloons, a small stuffed animal, or a coloring book to cheer up a sick child. Send flowers, books, or magazines to an adult along with your card. It's these small gestures of kindness that can mean a lot to the recipient.
Tags: well card, better soon, feel better, feel better soon, generic message, hope that
Medicare is a federally funded program that provides health insurance to qualified individuals. In 2008, more than 45.2 million Americans received Medicare benefits for a total dollar amount of $468 billion. Anyone over the age of 65 automatically qualifies for Medicare benefits, and individuals under 65 with certain disabling conditions qualify as well. In addition, anyone of any age with End-Stage Renal Disease qualifies for this government health insurance.
Hospital Coverage
Medicare is broken into four parts of health insurance coverage. Medicare Part A is the portion that helps pay for hospital care in addition to hospice, skilled nursing facilities and home-health-care technicians. Typically, Medicare Part A enrollees do not pay for this portion of coverage because they paid Medicare taxes through employment. Part A is sometimes called "premium-free Part A."
Individuals who do not qualify for premium-free Medicare Part A may qualify to purchase it. In order to purchase Part A coverage, an applicant must be at least 65 years old, entitled to or enrolling in Part B coverage and a U.S. citizen or legal resident. Disabled individuals under 65 may also purchase Part A coverage if their coverage ended because they returned to work.
Medical Service Coverage
Medicare Part B is used to cover medical necessities such as outpatient care, doctors' services and other health-care-related services. Preventative medical services also are covered by Medicare Part B, such as prostate exams, mammograms and routine physicals.
Unlike Medicare Part A, all covered individuals pay a monthly premium for Medicare Part B. Anyone over the age of 65 who does not enroll in Medicare Part B upon becoming eligible is required to pay a late fee when finally registering.
Medicare Advantage Plan
Medicare Part C, also known as Medicare Advantage Plan, is offered by private insurance companies that have been approved by Medicare. These plans are like traditional health insurance plans, such as an HMO or PPO, and provide both hospital and medical coverage in one plan. Part C coverage may also include services such as vision, dental, hearing or health and wellness coverage for an additional charge. In addition, most Medicare Part C plans also include prescription drug coverage.
Each insurance company receives a monthly payment from Medicare, and it must abide by the rules established by Medicare. However, the private insurance companies can charge varying out-of-pocket expenses, and the rules for treatment are different among them as well. For instance, some plans may require a referral for treatment by a specialist and others may not.
Prescription Drug Coverage
Medicare Part D is the prescription drug coverage portion of Medicare. Part D is managed by an insurance company or other private Medicare-approved company. Prescription drug coverage is added to the other Medicare parts to complete coverage. If at the time of eligibility--typically 65 years old--an individual does not elect to obtain prescription drug coverage and does not have another source of viable coverage, a late fee will be assessed.
Tags: Medicare Part, drug coverage, health insurance, Part coverage, prescription drug, prescription drug coverage, Advantage Plan
Getting skin cancer is one of the more common ways to get cancer. According to studies, at least one half of Americans will develop skin cancer at least once, who live to the age of 65 years. Signs of skin cancer specifically can come from age. Majority of skin cancers tend to be basal cell carcinoma. These are non spreading skin cancers. There are three different kinds of skin cancers. Basal cell carcinoma is the least dangerous form of skin cancer. Another form of skin cancer is called squamous cell carcinoma. The cancer appears in the squamous cells, which are found in the tissue of the skin. Both basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma don't tend to spread throughout the body. Melanoma is the skin cancer that does spread throughout the body. Melanoma is a very rare skin cancer, though.
Getting skin cancer treatment varies on your condition. Anyone can be affected with skin cancer, so it's important to maintain proper skin care. Skin cancer symptoms depend on which cancer it is. Basal cell carcinoma tends to be bumpy, or scar like white area, that can appear as lesions. They tend to appear on your body. Like your back and chest area. Squamous cell carcinoma appear on your hands, arms, and around the head area. It appears as a red nodule or flat lesion. Melanoma can develop in areas of the skin where you're not exposed to sun light. It can appear in moles typically. It will appear as a bump that can change in color.
You'll need to see a dermatologist to determine what kind of skin cancer it is. Or if its skin cancer at all. Any bump that you have should be checked by a doctor. Don't underestimate how important it is to maintain proper skin care. Not just for physical appearances, but for actual health reasons as well. Those with less melanin in their skin are more prone to skin cancer. Although skin cancer can hit any race, or skin condition. I'll show you ways you can help prevent skin cancer and promote healthier skin care.
Instructions
1. Avoid exposure to the sun and avoid ultraviolet radiation. Exposure to sun and ultraviolet radiation causes skin cancer. When you burn your skin from the sun, you damage skin cells. Those with less pigment in the skin should be advised to use sunscreen to protect themselves from a lot of sun exposure. When it's sunny, don't forget to wear sunglasses outside. Wear a hat when the sun is bright and in your view. Don't be a stranger to the shade as well when you're out doors.
2. Avoid tanning beds. Tanning beds contain ultraviolet radiation. Skin lesions are caused when the ultraviolet penetrates into the skin. Tanning beds can cause a great risk to skin cancer. Tanning beds can increase the risk on melanoma. The skin cancer that causes the most deaths. I know you might like the tanned look, but you're actually damaging your skin.
3. Eat a better diet. Certain vitamins and minerals contribute to your skins health. A good source of vitamin E can help protect your skin. All vitamins can contribute to healthier skin. Specifically getting more vitamin D into your diet helps. Vitamin D is mostly found in milk and cod liver oil. Green tea can eliminate free radicals in the body. Resveratrol is good source for your skins health. Resveratrol is found in the skin of red grapes. Turmeric can naturally help treat skins wounds and conditions. It's a popular Indian spice which can be used as herbal remedy. Eating foods that are rich in antioxidants promote and protect your skin. You want to incorporate more fruits into your diet. Eat more foods that are high in fish oils, polyunsaturated fats and monounsaturated fats.
4. Use virgin coconut oil. Virgin coconut oil can actually treat skin cancer. It's that good and healthy for the skin. Virgin coconut oil promotes and protects the skin naturally. Coconut oil can protect the skin form ultraviolet radiation. It can be used effectively as a moisturizer. Don't use skin products that contain a lot of chemicals. Chemicals that can cause damage to your skin. Virgin coconut oil is more effective, healthier, and does a better job at promoting healthy skin naturally. They're more effect than any products you'll find in stores. Virgin coconut oil will kill any bacteria, viruses or diseases on the skin.
Tags: skin cancer, skin cancer, cell carcinoma, your skin, ultraviolet radiation, cancer that, skin cancer that
Prostate cancer is one of the most preventable diseases, according to the American Cancer Society. Healthy eating and changes in diet are keys to preventing prostate cancer. By substituting protein-rich foods like beans rather than red meat, and easing back on dairy products and drinking soy milk instead, you can reduce the risk of prostate cancer, feel better and possibly live longer. These strategies outline the best foods to eat for preventing prostate cancer.
Drink and eat dairy substitutes
The science is compelling: studies at Harvard University show men who stopped drinking milk and consuming dairy products cut their risk of prostate cancer by up to 40 percent. They replaced chemically modified, hormone-heavy dairy products with soy and rice milk. Adding soy milk to cereal is a popular way to get the nutritional benefit without eating dairy.
Pass the beans
High-protein, high-fiber beans are an excellent substitute for red meat, which is known to increase the risk of prostate cancer. Beans also naturally reduce high testosterone levels that can contribute to prostate cancer. Pinto, kidney and black beans are also rich in inositol pentakisphosphate, which is a compound that helps prevent cancers.
Lycopenes, beta-carotenes and cruciferous vegetables
Though it sounds like a mouthful, lycopenes, beta-carotenes and cruciferous vegetables can be easily remembered as tomatoes, sweet potatoes, broccoli and califlower. Medical studies show men who eat foods rich in lycopene like tomatoes can cut their risk of prostate cancer by more than 33 percent.
Sweet potatoes, carrots and cantaloupes contain beta-carotene to boost wellness and strengthen the body's immune system. Raw or cooked, carrots, swet potatoes and cantaloupes can prevent cancer.
Broccoli cauliflower and other and other cruciferous vegetables contain a chemical called sulphoraphane, which lowers testosterone and thus fights prostate cancer.
Steaming rather than boiling vegetables will lock in more of the cancer-fighting nutrients.
Nursing is an intricate and detailed career. It involves extensive knowledge of science, nutrition, health, wellness, communication and mathematics. Although it may not be obvious, nurses use math on a daily basis. In fact, it is one of the most important skills they use. To safely provide medications to patients, nurses must understand conversions, dosage calculations and reconstitution equations. A thorough understanding of nursing math significantly limits the risk for medication errors.
Prerequisites
Before being accepted into a nursing school, students must have successfully completed a minimum number of math classes. Although each school sets its own requirements, most nursing programs require students to receive a grade of C or better in a college-level mathematics course. However, some schools offer a math placement test, which can be taken in lieu of the traditional mathematics course. Again, each school sets its own requirements regarding the grade a student must receive on the test to qualify for the nursing program.
Conversions
Conversions remains one of the most important mathematical requirements for a successful nursing career. Common conversions include those for height, weight, length and volume. For example, the doctor may ask you to give a specific number of milligrams of medication per every one kilogram of weight. However, most hospitals record weight in terms of pounds. A nurse needs to understand convert weight from pounds to kilograms in order to safely administer the medication.
Dosages
Continuing on from the previous example, you must take your math conversion one step further to determine the appropriate medication dose. Once you have determined the patient's weight in kilograms, you must use additional math equations to determine how much medication to give. For example, if the patient weights 50 kilograms, and you are supposed to give 5 milligrams of medication per one kilogram of weight, you use math to determine that you need to give 250 milligrams of medication. A nurse should have a thorough understanding of dosage calculations for oral, parenteral, intramuscular and intravenous medications.
Reconstitutions
Some medications must be reconstituted before administration; they are manufactured in powdered form, yet they must be converted to liquid form before being given to the patient. Each medication will give specific instructions as to the proper reconstitution. A nurse must be able to read this information and determine the precise amount of liquid to add to the powder. Adding an incorrect amount of liquid could result in a medication that is too weak or too strong.
Tags: milligrams medication, amount liquid, dosage calculations, each school, each school sets, give milligrams, give milligrams medication
Weaving is one craftform often featured in women's fair trade products.
The "fair trade" of crafts across many nations provides women with the empowering independence that comes with the ability to earn their own income -- often in societies where men have traditionally been the main or sole earners in their families. The definition of what qualifies as fair trade is, however, extremely broad. It can cover products produced under the auspices of large, scale, well-monitored charities, small not-for-profit organisations and profit-making ventures. Because of the many types of fair trade sytems in existence, the term has provoked some controversy.
What is Fair Trade and What Is Its Relevance To Women.
According the the major UK fair trade organization, The Fairtrade Foundation, fair trade is:"about better prices, decent working conditions, local sustainability, and fair terms of trade for...workers in the developing world. By requiring companies to pay sustainable prices (which must never fall lower than the market price)." Its aim is to tackle the "injustices of conventional trade," which the organization suggests regularly takes advantage of the poorest and most vulnerable members of society. As women in many countries suffer from lack of education and poor human rights they frequently fall into this category.
Why Are Crafts So Important to Women's Fair Trade Products
Hand crafts in traditional societies were often originally made by women for personal use rather than trade. Skills such as weaving, jewelry making and pottery have been passed down from mother to daughter for generations. Now outside influences have see the commercial value of these products. In societies where women have little or no rights to own land, property or animals and receive little or no education, fair trade aims to help them make their own money through their traditional skills.
Why Do Some People Think Fair Trade Crafts Are Not So Beneficial To Women.
There have been wider arguments about fair trade projects, including women's craft projects, that they introduce "commercial culture" into traditionally subsistence economies and so make poor communities more vulnerable to outside economic influence. Specific issues regarding women's fair trade crafts include sustainability and over supply. Priya Haji, CEO of World of Good, one of the largest retailers in the handmade sector is quoted as saying: "Right now this is an industry that has a much bigger production capability than demand." She does however believe demand can be increased.
What Kind of Fair Trade Women's Crafts Can I Buy and Where Do They Come From.
Products include: Woven clothes, bags, purses, and soft furnishings; jewelry; dolls; pots and cooking utensils; paper products; candles; soaps and beauty products; musical instruments; ornaments; decorative tiles; carved wooden objects; pottery; and others. Fair trade projects operate in countries across the world particularly in South America, Africa and Asia.
Where Can I Buy Fair Trade Products
Many charities and not-for-profit organizations offer women's fair trade craft products for sale on their web sites or in their shops. Craft fairs in towns and cities often include stalls with fair trade products for sale. Many commercial craft shops also now sell items made by women under the fair trade system, some will have recognized fair trade certification. The Fair Trade Federation offers links and guidelines for buying products.
Radiologic technologists make up to $52,210 annually.
Radiology technicians perform diagnostic imaging examinations known as X-rays. Radiology technicians who complete an associate's degree in radiology from an accredited program approved by the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) are eligible to take the ARRT examination. Students who pass the ARRT exam are certified as radiologic technologists. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, employment opportunities for radiologic technologists are expected to increase by 17 percent from 2008 to 2018.
Paris Junior College
Radiology techs work under the direction and supervision of doctors and dentists.
Paris Junior College was founded in 1924. Paris Junior College was accredited in 1934 by the Commission on Colleges, Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. Paris Junior College offers an Associate of Applied Sciences (AAS) in radiology technology. Paris Junior College offers financial aid to qualified students. Student aid available to students includes scholarships, loans, grants, military and veterans' benefits and installment payment plans. Graduates of the associate's degree program in radiology are eligible to take the American Registry of Radiologic Technology (ARRT) exam.
Paris Junior College
2400 Clarksville St
Paris, TX 75460
903-785-7661
parisjc.edu
Sanford-Brown
Diagnostic imaging procedures include X-rays, computer tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging and mammography.
Sanford-Brown was accredited in 2009 by the Accrediting Council for Independent Colleges and Schools. Sanford-Brown was founded in New York in 1977 and was managed by two medical physicians. Sanford-Brown now offers career-focused programs at 31 college campuses in 16 states.Sanford-Brown offers a certificate program in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The Magnetic Resonance Imaging program was designed for graduates with an Associate of Applied Science in Radiologic Sciences degree who possess a current American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) certification. Sanford-Brown offers qualified students financial aid. Student aid available to students includes scholarships, loans, grants and work-study programs.
Sanford-Brown
9630 North 25th Avenue
Phoenix, AZ 85021
877-406-2333
sanfordbrown.ed
Pima Medical Institute
Proficiency in more than one diagnostic imaging procedure is desirable to employers.
Pima Medical Institute was accredited in 2001 by the Accrediting Bureau of Health Education Schools. Pima Medical Institute offers a two-year Associates in Radiology degree program on campuses in Albuquerque, NM; Chula Vista, CA; Denver, CO; Houston, TX; Las Vegas, NV; Mesa, AZ; Seattle, WA; and Tucson, AZ. Graduates of the associate's degree program in radiology are eligible to take the American Registry of Radiologic Technology exam. Pima Medical Institute also offers a Bachelor of Science in Radiologic Sciences degree program online. Students must have a current American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) certification to enroll in the online bachelor's program. The Bachelor of Science in Radiologic Sciences takes approximately 15 months to complete.
Pima Medical Institute
2301 San Pedro NE, Suite D
Albuquerque, NM 87110
505-881-1314
pmi.edu
Piedmont Technical College
A radiology tech may become specialized in CT scanning, mammography, bone densitometry or other advanced imaging technology.
Piedmont Technical College was founded in 1966. Piedmont Technical College was accredited in 1972 by the Commission on Colleges, Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. Piedmont Technical College offers a two-year Associate of Applied Sciences (AAS) in radiology technology degree program. A GPA of 2.5 at Piedmont Technical College is required for acceptance into the radiology program. Piedmont offers financial aid to qualified students. Student aid available to students includes scholarships, loans, grants, work-study, military and veterans' benefits and installment payment plans. Graduates of the associate's degree program in radiology are eligible to take the American Registry of Radiologic Technology exam.
Piedmont Technical College
620 North Emerald Road
Greenwood, SC 29646
864-941-8324
ptc.edu
South Texas College
Most radiology techs have associate's degrees in radiologic technology.
South Texas College was established in 1993 by the Texas Legislature. South Texas College is the only community college in Texas to be established by the Texas Legislature. South Texas College was accredited in 1995 by the Commission on Colleges, Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. South Texas College offers a two-year Associate of Applied Science degree program in Radiologic Technology. Texas College offers qualified students financial aid. Student aid available to students includes scholarships, loans, grants, work-study programs and exemptions. An exemption is a type of financial aid that allows Texas residents to attend college without paying tuition. Graduates of the associate's degree program in radiology are eligible to take the American Registry of Radiologic Technology exam (ARRT).
South Texas College
3201 W Pecan
McAllen, TX 78502-9701
956-618-8311
southtexascollege.edu
Tags: degree program, American Registry, American Registry Radiologic, Registry Radiologic, Texas College, Junior College
The technician who handles the x-ray or other radiological devices in a hospital or other medical setting plays a critical role in helping to diagnose and detect potential problems in the human body. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, in its 2010-2011 occupational handbook, estimates that there were 214,700 such technicians in the United States in 2008. By 2018 this number is projected to grow by 17 percent, faster than average. The average salary that a radiologist technician earns varies depending on where he works and lives.
National Average
The average salary for a radiologist technician is $26.05 an hour, thus making an average annual salary of $54,180. Of course, this can vary by individual. Technicians in the top 90th percentile can make an average of $75,440 a year, while this plummets to $35,700 for those in the bottom 10th percentile.
Employment by Industry
The vast majority of radiologist technicians --- an estimated 59 percent --- works in general medical or surgical hospitals. This is followed by offices of physicians, medical and diagnostic labs, outpatient care centers and the federal government. In hospitals, technicians rake in an average annual salary of $54,770. Meanwhile, those in offices of physicians ring in at $50,860; laboratories at $57,250; outpatient care centers at $52,950; and the federal government at $56,140.
Salary by Industries
The top five highest-paying employers for radiologist technicians are scientific research companies, scientific and technical consulting companies, employment services, office administrative services and specialty hospitals. These pay a respective average salary of $64,800 at research companies; $61,970 at scientific consulting companies; $59,620 at employment services companies; $58,360 at office administration companies; and $58,320 at specialty hospitals like cancer treatment facilities.
States
The top three states that employ the most radiologist technicians are Tennessee, Kentucky and West Virginia. The average salaries in these states are $48,960 in Tennessee, $45,840 in Kentucky and $41,400 in West Virginia. Meanwhile, the top three highest-paying states for radiologist technicians are Massachusetts at $68,530; Nevada at $66,420; and Maryland at $65,820.
Tags: radiologist technicians, average salary, annual salary, average annual, average annual salary, care centers, care centers federal
Breast feeding may be as good for mom as it is for baby
Evidence shows that breast feeding provides protection to your baby's health through special antibodies that reduce his risk of developing ear infections, diarrhea, meningitis and overeating, which might later lead to obesity. A study published by the Archives of Internal Medicine reveals that breast feeding reduces the risk of premenopausal breast cancer by 60 percent in women with a family history of the disease.
Two Types of Breast Cancer
There are two types of breast cancer tumors: tumors caused by hormonal changes in the body, and tumors that are not related to hormones. Cancer caused by non-hormonal tumors is the hardest to treat. Breast feeding has been shown to reduce your chances of developing cancer, even if your tumors are the non-hormone fueled type.
Significant Drop in Cancer
According to www.cbc.ca, a Canadian study in breastfeeding revealed that, based on current breastfeeding patterns, 6 percent of women will develop breast cancer. When women continue nursing their babies for at least 16 months, the occurrence can drop to as low as 3 percent.
Women Who Take Drugs to Dry Up Milk
U.S. News and health reports an interesting finding. Women who took drugs to dry up their milk supply shortly after giving birth seemed to be as protected against cancer as breastfeeding women. When a woman's breasts become engorged with milk, the breast tissue becomes inflamed, which can trigger cancer cell growth. The drugs that help dry up the milk supply prevent the inflammation of the breast tissue.
Women Who Have Children Later in Life
More and more women choose to have children later in life. Dr. Giske Ursin MD, PhD associate professor of preventive medicine at the Keck School of Medicine located at the University of Southern California stated that breastfeeding offers protection for all women, even those who decide to carry through a full-term pregnancy later in life. These findings were presented at the annual American Association for Cancer Research Meeting.
Women at High Risk for Developing Cancer
Women at high risk of developing breast cancer are sometimes prescribed cancer preventive drugs, such as the antiestrogen drug tamoxifen. According to U.S. News and Health, breastfeeding provided the same protection against breast cancer as the cancer preventing drugs. It did not make a difference how long they breastfed, or even how many children they nursed.
Tags: breast cancer, breast feeding, Breast feeding, breast tissue, milk supply
Analog radiography is a method of procuring images of the human body for medical purposes. This method uses a computer to read digitized, projected X-rays of the human body or other targeted objects that are presented on an X-ray film. Although the core idea is the same, that of obtaining X-rays from the human body, the essential difference between analog and film technology is that while film technology uses dark areas that disperse the image, analog technology orders the same in rows and columns, making the images readable in quantum numbers, referred to as pixels.
Increased Clarity
The biggest advantage analog technology offers is increased clarity in the image. The distortions are far fewer than in the older film technology, and the focus is sharper. Analog images also provide vastly improved spatial resolution, so the images enable deeper understanding of impacted diseases and organisms.
Flexibility
Flexibility is another important advantage analog radiography offers. With film imaging, the images cannot be changed once they are processed because they depend on external factors such as brightness in the lab and the way the images develop. However, with analog technology, parameters such as contrast and brightness can be manipulated, because it uses measurable pixel values, which can be altered to enable a better understanding of the image. Advanced software applications make this possible.
Cost Savings
An analog radiograph device has a high initial cost, but the cost can be more than offset in the long run due to savings on input and operating costs. With analog radiography, recurring expenses such as films, chemicals needed for processing films and labor for processing are eliminated.
Tags: analog technology, film technology, human body, advantage analog
Thermography is a growing tool in the medical field.
Thermography is a technique used to measure temperature variations in objects and humans. Because heat is not visible to the human eye, infrared cameras or machines capture images of heat that are omitted from either an object or the human body. These images may then help to determine if there is an issue with an object or a medical problem with a person. While thermography is used in the military and industrial fields to determine if objects are working properly, it is also increasingly being used in the medical field for diagnosis of breast cancer, infertility in men and pain syndromes, according to health insurance company Aetna's website.
Vibrothermography
Vibrothermography is used in wood, ceramics and metals.
Vibrothermography is used in wood, ceramics and metals. The thermography technique detects problems in those materials by using a sonic wave to vibrate a surface. Cracks then resonate due to the vibrations and produce heated patterns on the surface of the material. The patterns are displayed on an imaging device. This allows manufacturers to determine if there are any cracks or other issues within a product.
Thermoelastic Stress Analysis Thermography
Thermoelastic stress analysis thermography is sometimes used to test aviation engines.
This thermography technique is often used in the manufacturing process to determine if an object is strong enough to avoid cracking. Thermoelastic stress analysis thermography applies stress to an object or structure. When stress is applied, an object will heat up. An imaging device then detects possible early damage. This type of thermography is sometimes used in aviation engines.
Optically Heated Lock-In Thermography
Optically heated lock-in thermography technique can be used to detect faults in metal.
Optically heated lock-in thermography is often used in metals and ceramics to test for cracks, separations or moisture issues. This technique uses man-made light sources to stimulate a target through heat. Problems are then detected through an imaging device.
Dynamic Infrared Blood Perfusion Imaging
Thermography is used to detect changes in blood flow.
Dynamic infrared blood perfusion imaging is a newer thermography technique that detects heat changes in blood flow in tissue and organs. The infrared imaging detects infrared radiation from human tissues. This technique may be used to screen for cancers, especially breast cancer. It can also be used to evaluate a person's response to chemotherapy and assist in pre- and post-surgery monitoring, according to Aetna.
Breast Thermography Diagnostic Screening
Some medical professionals use thermography to screen for breast cancer.
Breast thermography diagnostic screening is used to detect breast cancer. The screening is non-invasive and non-radiative. In this technique, a thermography camera records an image map that shows abnormal hot or cold areas. This may tell a medical professional if a tumor exists, according to the website of San Diego, California-based Clinical Thermography Associates.
Tags: breast cancer, thermography technique, imaging device, technique used, used detect, analysis thermography
Organizational charts are used for many purposes. They are included in business plans, grant applications, handbooks and other documents. They also are used to show the chain of command, the order of importance or the setup of an organization. Instead of breaking out the pencil and the ruler, make an organizational chart in Microsoft Word 2007. There are more options for making organizational charts in Word 2007 than in previous versions of the program. Using Word's tools will help you make a professional and stylish organizational chart.
Instructions
1. Open Microsoft Word 2007 on your computer.
2. Click on the "Insert Tab."
3. Click on "SmartArt" in the Illustrations section. You will be given several flowchart options. Click on "Hierarchy" to see options for creating organizational charts. Click once on a style and information about it will appear on the right side of the box.
4. Double-click on a flowchart, and the organizational chart will open.
5. Make the template pane bigger if you will be adding levels to the organizational chart. The template pane surrounds the organizational chart. To make it bigger, place your cursor over the box until it becomes a white line with arrows on both ends, click and drag to the desired size.
6. Add text to the organizational chart. The word "Text" should be inside all the boxes of the organizational chart. Click inside the box and enter your text. As text is entered, the box will resize to fit the text.
7. Add more boxes to the organizational chart. To do this, click on the box closest to where you want to add a new box. Click on the "Design" tab. Click on the arrow next to "Add Shape" in the "Create Graphic" section. Click "Add Shape After" if you want the new box to be on the same level but after the selected box; click "Add Shape Before" to put the new box on the same level but before the selected box.
8. Move boxes within the organization chart using the "Promote" and "Demote" buttons in the "Create Graphic" box in the "Design" tab. This will change the level of the boxes.
9. Change the color and style of the organizational chart. Click on "Change Colors" in the "SmartArt Styles" section of the "Design" tab. A box will open that allows you to choose different colors. Click on some different organizational chart styles next to the "Change Colors" box to change the design.
10. Title the organizational chart. To add a title, draw a text box above the flow chart. In the "Insert" tab, click on "Text Box" in the "Text" section. Click "Draw Text Box." The cursor will be in the shape of a cross. Click and drag to create the text box. Type the title into the box. Reformat the text using the tools in the "Format" tab.
The National Cancer Institute coordinates government funding for research.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, affecting as much as 7.9 percent of the population. As cancer remains an incurable disease, government funding set aside specifically for cancer research remains an ongoing priority on a national level.
Cancer Diseases
Abnormal cell development and growth characterize cancer diseases, which can develop in any area of the body. According to the National Cancer Institute, over 100 different types of cancer can affect the body. Also at work is the relative ease in which a cancerous cell formation can spread through the blood and lymphatic systems. Since 1998, ongoing developments within government-funded research projects have brought about an overall decline in incidence and number of deaths associated with cancer diseases.
National Cancer Institute
The National Cancer Institute (NIC) makes up one of the 27 divisions within the National Institutes of Health. The NIC also works in conjunction with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services as the nation’s primary, federal government agency. According to the National Cancer Institute, NIC funding comes from Congress, much of which goes to their main headquarters in Bethesda, Maryland, and various medical centers throughout the country. Research projects investigate methods for detecting, preventing and treating cancer as well as understanding the underlying causes for the disease.
Funding
Funding for NCI research projects follows the same approval processes as the other 26 institutes, requiring approval from both the House and Senate, as well as the president. Typically, funding proposals are submitted to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and then forwarded to the House and Senate before reaching the president’s desk.
As of 1971, the National Cancer Act granted NCI the authority to submit funding proposals directly to the president for consideration. As a result, budget proposals for cancer research fall under the label "Bypass Budget," as presidential review precedes any rulings carried out by the House or Senate.
Funding Allottments
According to the National Cancer Institute, government funding set aside for cancer research amounted to $4.81 billion in 2009. Funding toward specific types of research is made based on the types of cancer most prevalent within the population. As of 2008, the most common forms of cancer included lung, prostate, breast, colorectal and bladder conditions. As lung cancer represented the most prevalent form, research into developing lung disorders received the most in terms of funding allotments.
NIH Clinical Center
The Clinical Center at the National Institutes for Health acts as a main headquarters for cancer research efforts as well as research for other medical conditions of national concern. The Clinical Center specializes in transferring knowledge acquired through scientific observations into actual hands-on treatment therapies. The center works with nearby medical facilities wherein actual patient cases receive newly developed therapy treatments. Research projects make use of laboratory and clinical settings in an attempt to treat, prevent and eventually cure cancer diseases.
Tags: National Cancer, Cancer Institute, National Cancer Institute, cancer research, According National
If you've ever read an online article or a blog post or watched a YouTube video, you've experienced digital media. Because entrepreneurs have seen the high profit potential from diving into the digital media pool, it's no surprise that thousands of digital media positions are being filled each year. Below are five careers that are thriving in the world of digital media.
Website Designer
A web designer is responsible for creating custom designs for websites and blogs. Besides designing the look of websites, web designers often produce logos and other branding material for websites. If you want to become a website designer, most employers will require a minimum of an associate's degree in graphic design and a portfolio of previous work. According to payscale.com, the average annual salary of a web designer with one to four years of experience ranges from $31,896 to $46,536.
Blogger
A stream of online entrepreneurs have been drawn to the blog scene by the reported six-figure incomes of successful bloggers Darren Rowse, Yaro Starak and Steve Pavlina. Unfortunately, the majority of newcomers fail to realize a full-time income through blogging. Payscale.com reports that successful fulltime bloggers with one to four years of experience manage to earn an annual salary in the range of $28,956 to $41,459.
SEO Marketing Strategist
An SEO (search engine optimization) marketing strategist is responsible for devising a marketing plan to improve clients' search engine rankings. This is a highly valuable service to clients because a high ranking in search engines can save them from spending thousands of dollars in other venues of advertising. Most clients prefer SEO marketing strategists to have a degree in marketing or business; however, it is not a necessity. According to payscale.com, the average annual salary of an SEO marketing strategist ranges from $36,000 to $62,620.
Content Writer
Content writers are hired to write informational articles for websites and blogs. The articles typically range in length from 300 to 500 words. Employers and clients typically prefer writers with a bachelor's degree in journalism, English or communications; however, it is not a requirement for all positions. Articles that have been search-engine-optimized are quoted at a significantly higher rate than strictly informative articles, because of the expertise involved in producing optimized articles. According to payscale.com, a content writer with one to four years of experience can expect to earn an annual salary of between $30,535 and $43,396.
Copywriter
Copywriters are responsible for creating compelling copy that causes an increase in their clients' sales. Copywriters are hired to produce sales pages, squeeze pages, email marketing copy, sales letters, brochures and other marketing collateral materials. The majority of employers require copywriters to have a bachelor's degree in marketing, communications, business or journalism. Payscale.com reports that copywriters with experience ranging from one to four years earn an average annual salary of between $31,785 and $46,685.
Tags: annual salary, digital media, four years, According payscale, average annual, average annual salary, four years experience
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a remarkable and relatively new technological development that dramatically speeds up diagnosis and improves patient outcomes. Furthermore, it is similar to ultrasound in that it does not use the high-energy ionizing radiation found in x-rays and CT scans. This translates to a safer, more effective test. However, the restrictive nature of the MRI machine and the long periods of necessary immobility make some patients feel uncomfortable and anxious. This discomfort and anxiety can be minimized with just a few simple steps.
Instructions
1. Identify your risk of feeling uncomfortable during the procedure. Consider if you have ever had an episode of claustrophobia or if you are particularly sensitive to loud sounds. Discuss your fears with your family or friends and ask for their input or experiences. Simply acknowledging your fear and talking about it can go a long way toward making it easier to handle.
2. Talk to your doctor about any concerns and fears you have prior to the test. Ask him or her to explain the reasoning behind ordering the test, whether the procedure involves any risk to your health and what measures the hospital staff can provide to make you feel comfortable.
3. Bring a family member or friend with you on the day of the test. They can help you prepare for the procedure and, in some cases, even join you inside the testing room. They may be able to stand at your feet during the procedure as a reassuring presence.
4. Close your eyes before being moved into the MRI machine, visualize a relaxing scene and practice slow calming breaths. Be aware that at points during the test you will be asked via microphone to hold your breath for short periods. This is normal and necessary to generate adequate images.
5. Ask your doctor to provide a mild oral sedative if you find you simply cannot tolerate the test. This is accepted practice in all hospitals and is done every day.
Cancer results from the growth of malignant cells. If left untreated, cancerous cells can spread to other organs. Although serious, cancer is a preventable disease. The key is to protect your body through simple lifestyle changes and annual checkups.
Instructions
1. Increase physical activity. According to the Prevent Cancer Foundation, regular exercise, or being active, reduces your risk of developing colon and other cancers. Begin an exercise routine and work out for at least 30 minutes three to five times a week.
2. Improve your diet. An unhealthy diet increases your risk of cancer. Limit your intake of fatty foods and red meats. Choose low-fat alternatives, such as lean meats, pork or chicken, and increase your fiber intake (fruits, vegetables and whole grains).
3. Reduce alcohol intake. Men should consume no more than two alcoholic beverages a day, whereas women should limit their intake to one alcoholic beverage a day. Over-consumption of alcohol increases your risk of developing oral, liver and breast cancer.
4. Take an antioxidant. Antioxidants, which are found in fruits, vegetables and supplements, prevent cell damage and reduce your chances of developing cancer. Good sources of antioxidants include berries, fish oils, nuts and broccoli.
5. Wear sunscreen. To prevent skin cancer, apply sunscreen before spending time outdoors.
6. Get regular checkups. Annual checkups and cancer screenings can detect precancerous cells and tumors early. Know your family history and report unusual symptoms to your doctor.
Tags: your risk, your risk developing, fruits vegetables, increases your, increases your risk
A belly cast is a great way to capture the way your belly looked toward the end of your pregnancy. Once you've done the casting and it has dried, look for ideas on decorate it so that it becomes a piece of important artwork. You can use materials you already have around the house to decorate the cast so that you'll be proud to show it off.
Mosaic Belly
If you have some colorful piece of glass that you no longer want or need, try making a mosaic on your belly cast. Find glassware that is bright in color, and place it under a large towel to break with a hammer. When you open the towel, you'll see many pieces of colored glass in different shapes and sizes. Get some glue and a small piece of sandpaper. Go to work sanding the sharp edges of the glass and gluing them like a mosaic onto the belly cast. Use safety glasses and safety gloves to protect your hands and eyes. Continue gluing the glass on until you've covered the entire cast.
Belly Bowl
If you're looking for a more functional but still attractive way to use your belly cast, consider turning your cast into a belly bowl. Using some very strong shears, cut the edges of the cast until you have a bowl shape, with the belly button being the bottom center of the bowl. Sand down the edges until they are smooth, and then paint the cast with a design of your choice. Brush an acrylic glaze on the inside and outside of the bowl carefully, and you can use it as a centerpiece or to hold flowers. It is not washable, so don't use it for food.
Children's Project
If you have other children and want to involve them in getting them ready for the new baby, see if they would like to help decorate the belly cast. You can bring out some finger paints and let the children have fun decorating the belly cast with their own artwork. You can then hang it in the nursery, so your new child can see that all members of the family were excited about their new arrival. It can also help those children who are wary of mommy's belly and the new baby to get involved and learn more about the pregnancy.
Tags: belly cast, your belly, cast with, your belly cast
Georgia laws clarify and supplement HIPAA regulations.
According to HIPAA, a national act that provides for the safety of patients' electronic medical records, hospitals, doctors and other providers must secure the privacy of all medical records. A patient can give access permission to providers, insurance companies and themselves. Most states create addendum-style statutes that support the national HIPAA act that govern medical records. In the state of Georgia, these laws are very clear; national laws maintain preeminence in disagreements between national and state laws.
Release of Information
In Georgia, a patient has the right to access his medical records. Georgia law requires any hospital visited in the last five years to maintain and secure medical records. Medicare beneficiaries must maintain patient files for seven years. All other health care providers, insurance companies or insurance billing companies must maintain medical records for ten years.
If you want to access these medical records, request them from the provider; the provider must then deliver the records within fifteen business days of receiving the request. However, providers can charge for access to medical records. Georgia allows charges for medical records in the amount of ninety-three cents for the first twenty pages, eighty cents for pages twenty through one hundred and sixty-three cents for every additional page. Every year, these fees adjust on July 1.
Denial
A provider may deny access to your records under certain conditions. If a doctor, nurse or other provider feels that access to your medical records would endanger you, they may prevent you from having them. The person who denies you access to medical records must have a valid and justifiable reason, such as the medical records of patients with suicidal tendencies or the medical records of minors in abusive homes.
Amendment
In addition to the release of information to a patient in Georgia, Georgia residents also have state laws that allow them the ability to amend medical records. If a person disagrees with statements on a medical record, because it was stated by accident or the patient does not value the provider's medical opinion, the patient can make a written request within sixty days of receipt of the medical record for amendment.
Tags: medical records, access medical, access medical records, access your, insurance companies, medical record
Programs offering cardiac sonography training can lead to certification.
Cardiac sonographers are responsible for performing noninvasive cardiovascular exams that use computer imaging to diagnose cardiac diseases. These diagnostic procedures are used to identify irregularities and auditory systems in the heart. Graduates of a cardiac sonography program are eligible for certification through the American Registry of Diagnostic Medical Sonographers and Cardiovascular Credentialing Institute.
Long Island University
Long Island University's Brooklyn campus offers a one-year certificate program in cardiac sonography. The program combines didactic coursework with clinical training. Rotations take place in cardiovascular laboratories in the city of New York. The clinical rotations offer students an opportunity to observe and learn under professional cardiac sonographers. The curriculum includes courses in cardiac sonography principles, cardiac sonography procedures, ultrasound physics, pediatric cardiac principles and cardiovascular health and diagnosis.
Long Island University
One University Plaza
Brooklyn, NY 11201
718-488-3322
brooklyn.liu.edu
Kirtland Community College
The Associate in Applied Science in cardiac sonography at Kirtland Community College teaches students to use ultrasound imaging to examine a patient's heart. This two-year program offers students an opportunity to learn about patient care, ultrasound physics, cardiac principles and anatomy and physiology through state-of-art equipment on campus and through clinical work in local medical centers. Applicants must be able to lift 35 pounds, pass a background and drug test, distinguish colors, be free from communicable diseases and able to stand for two hours.
Kirtland Community College
60 Livingston Blvd.
Gaylord, MI 49735
989-275-5000
kirtland.edu
BryanLGH College of Health Sciences
BryanLGH College of Health Sciences offers an associate degree in adult cardiac sonography. This program teaches students perform diagnostic procedures on a patient's heart through didactic and clinical training. In addition to 58 hours of adult cardiac sonography courses, students must complete general education requirements in mathematics, humanities, English and science. Clinical work takes place at BryanLGH Medical Center. Students are able to train on the center's human/patient simulators and skills lab. The human-patient simulators allow students to apply classroom knowledge to realistic adult simulators.
BryanLGH College of Health Sciences
5035 Everett Street
Lincoln, Nebraska, 68506
402-481- 3801
bryanlghcollege.edu
Tags: cardiac sonography, BryanLGH College, BryanLGH College Health, College Health, College Health Sciences, Community College
A tumor (also called neoplasm) is the abnormal growth of cells and/or tissues. Tumors are either benign or malignant, and are unregulated by the natural control mechanisms of the body. According to the National Cancer Institute, tumors are classified as leukemia, non-small cell lung cancers, NCI-H226, CNS tumors, melanoma, ovarian, renal, prostate and breast tumors.
Spread
Malignant tumors are spread by metastasis and invasion while benign tumors cannot be spread by either metastasis or invasion. Metastasis (also called metastatic disease or mets) is the ability of cancerous cells to spill, leak or break away from their site of origin (pancreas, prostate, kidney, breast, lung or colon), or primary tumor, and enter the blood and lymphatic vessels. These cancerous cells are deposited within healthy tissues of the body, where they multiply and grow--affecting vital organs. Most malignant cancers are capable of metastasizing. Malignant tumors are also spread by invasion--the process in which cancerous cells invade the blood vessels. Benign tumors, on the other hand, grow locally at the site of the original tumor.
Risk Factor
Benign tumors are significantly less dangerous than malignant tumors. For instance, melanoma is a type of malignant cancer that is born in the skin and spreads through the bloodstream to other organs, such as the brain or the liver. Benign tumors by themselves are not life threatening, but may result in complications if they press on vital body organs, such as the brain.
Types
The three main types of malignant tumors include leukemias, sarcomas and carcinomas. Leukemia is cancer of the bone marrow or blood, which is characterized by an atypical increase in white blood cells. It is classified into acute leukemia, chronic leukemia, lymphoblastic leukemia and myelogenous leukemia. A sarcoma is a type of malignant cancer that affects connecting tissue cells, such as fat, cartilage and bone cells. Types of sarcomas include leiomyosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and osteosarcoma. Carcinomas are malignant tumors that include squamous cell carcinoma, anaplastic carcinomas, small cell lung carinoma, pleomorphic carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Types of benign tumors include leiomyomas (muscle tumors), lipomas (fat tissue tumors), neurilemomas (nerve tumors), nodular tenosynovitis (joint tumor) and hemangiomas (skin or internal organ tumors).
Treatment
Benign tumors are typically treated with surgery, and it is uncommon for the original tumor to reappear. Malignant tumors are treated and managed by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, cryotherapy and surgical excision.
Tags: cancerous cells, also called, Benign tumors, Benign tumors, cancer that, cell lung
When lighting for photography, the goal is to have an even exposure throughout the room with no hot spots or deep shadows. This is especially difficult when lighting interior rooms where furniture, possessions, windows or other architectural features can create uneven lighting conditions naturally. Professional photographers achieve even lighting through the use of off-camera strobe flashes.
Instructions
1. Set up a main light to throw illumination over the room. Add a second light to "cross-light" your room. Cross lighting is simply one or more strobe flashes set up to illuminate the room from the side of your photo. The side illumination helps to make furniture and room features stand out. This will make your photo seem more three-dimensional.
2. Set your camera for a wide depth of field. This can be achieved by using a 50 mm lens, a long exposure time and a narrow aperture on your camera.
3. Use your light meter to adjust both the strobes and the camera. Use the type of light meter that will give you, based on your camera's settings, the relative brightness of the light. You can then adjust either your camera or the brightness of your strobe lights to give a more even exposure.
4. Take a test shot with your digital camera to determine any remaining shadows in the room. If you're using a film camera, you'll need to take more readings with your meter. To do this, set your meter in any nooks, crannies and corners, and take a reading while setting off the strobe flashes. If your meter shows that the area is darker than the rest of the room, this area is a shadowed area. Another solution is to take a "test roll" of film. Deliver this film to a one-hour processing store for a quick turnaround time. Your developed pictures will reveal any shadowed areas.
5. Focus your lights to illuminate any remaining shadows for a more even exposure. Take special care to ensure that your equipment is not visible in the photograph.
6. Note architectural features that may cause unusual shadows, such as staircases, chimneys, lamps or sculptures. Set up a strobe to remove those shadows.
7. Try to flood out any light from alternate sources by covering it with a strobe. This includes tungsten or sodium lights that may be in use in the home. Hallways and open doors to other rooms are a major culprit for this kind of lighting.
Tags: your camera, even exposure, strobe flashes, your meter, architectural features, even exposure Take, exposure Take