After you file a Medicaid application for benefits, you may check the status of your Medicaid determination. Pursuant to Medicaid regulations, your application must be approved or rejected within a statutorily prescribed time, which varies from state to state. Meanwhile, there are ways to ascertain the status of the application while you are waiting for the decision.
Instructions
1. If you have received a copy of a confirmation that your Medicaid application has been received, identify the reference number on the confirmation.
2. Review the front cover page and find a contact number and person for inquiries.
3. Contact this person via telephone in order to learn the status of your Medicaid application.
4. If you have not yet received a confirmation that your Medicaid application has been received, obtain a copy of the application you have filed. Review the application to ascertain the precise name the application was filed under.
5. Contact the office you filed the application with. Explain that you would like to know the status of the application. Generally, you can obtain an idea of where the application is situated along the chain of consideration.
Tags: Medicaid application, your Medicaid, your Medicaid application, application been, application been received, application have
Sometimes a birth certificate is lost and there is an immediate need for this document. Other times a family history researcher may be looking to obtain this record to gain clues to the whereabouts of ancestors. Either way, the state of New Jersey has set aside specific regulations for access to this sensitive information.
Features
You can access New Jersey birth certificates dated from May of 1848 through December 1900 at the New Jersey State Archives with no hindrances. New Jersey has restrictions on access to birth record information dated form 1901 to the present. You can access this information through the State of New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services or the city or township where the birth occurred.
Time Frame
Direct family members such as children or parents have to prove their relation to the person on the record and show proper ID, which will grant instant access to all birth record information. If you are not a direct family member and want to obtain a birth record for family history research, the individual listed on the birth record must be deceased and 80 years should have lapsed since the birth occurred. Proper ID must be shown to access these records.
Significance
New Jersey law restricts release of recent birth certificates to direct family members to protect the privacy and security of the person listed on the record. The waiting period of 80 years for other people to access birth information further ensures privacy of the person listed on the record.
Look for the highest-rated schools in your local districts.
It is vital to learn about the school districts in the area, before purchasing a new house or moving to a new address. Public schools are controlled by school districts. These districts divide regional areas into specific school zones. Residents can send children to the public school designated for that particular zone. If you change to another primary home address, your child will be reassigned to the public school for that district zone. A highly successful school will increase the property value for homes within that zone.
Instructions
1. Visit the National Center for Education Statistics website, and search through the School District Demographics System. Select the most recent year from the "Profiles and Comparisons" section. Select your state, and choose a district from the drop-down menu. This will list statistics for the district including the graduation rate, household demographics and average real estate cost.
2. Visit the PSK12 website, and search through the top schools in your state. Click on the link for your state, then choose either "Elementary Schools," "Middle Schools" or "High Schools" under the "Standard Rankings" section. The next page will list the ranking of schools based on Math, Science and English scores. Next to each school will be the school district. The data is free for earlier years, but you have the option to pay for reports for the most recent years.
3. Search through magazine rankings for top performing schools in your area. "US News and World Report" releases a yearly ranking of top performing schools based on factors such as test scores, graduation rates and AP course enrollment. Search through the schools listed in your state, to see which district the best schools are located in.
4. Visit the Great Schools website, and search for schools in your area. Type in your city, and click "Search." Schools will be listed by their website ratings. The Great Schools ratings are based on standardized test performance. There is also a "Community" rating based on parent reviews from users registered with the website.
5. Ask around your local area for personal reviews of nearby schools. While standard tests and subjective rankings can help narrow down the better schools and districts, it doesn't paint a complete picture. Parental opinion is still the most honest source of information regarding schools and should not be overlooked.
Tags: schools your, your state, website search, Great Schools, most recent
Effective communication can be quite challenging, especially when making a presentation or giving a speech. In order for the communication to be effective, you must keep the attention of the listeners and deliver the information in such a way that it is fully understood. One of the most effective ways to get your message across and make it memorable is with visual aids.
Memory Retention
The Office of Training and Education of the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration has reported that psychologists and educators have found that use of visual tools led to a retention of information rate three days after a meeting or other event that was six times greater than when information is presented by the spoken word alone. Visual aids allow the speaker to use verbal and nonverbal communication to solidify the message and provide a point of reference for the mind.
Attention Span
Everyone has a limited attention span. Once this capacity is spent, the mind will decrease its ability to retain information and listen effectively. Using visual aids refreshes the mind and engages it in a different way, renewing the attention span. Visual aids keep the mind entertained and therefore sharp and ready to receive information.
Organizing Communication
Visual aids can be used to organize communication, making it easier to remember points made in a presentation. The introduction of a different visual aid for each point of a speech or presentation helps the mind to separate messages into smaller chunks of information. The visual aids also create a point of reference for the mind to quickly refer to when attempting to retrieve information. For example, the use of icons or labels helps trigger messages in the mind. When you see the McDonald's restaurant golden arches logo along an interstate highway, your mouth may begin to water because of they represent eating a meal.
Comprehension
Not everyone understands concepts and information at the same rate. Some people can understand messages quickly while others need help to grasp what is being said. Visual aids are a way of further explanation. If some people are more visual than audio learners, the visual aids may be necessary for comprehension. Visual aids create repetition and the more repetition in communication, the greater the chances that your audience will understand and remember effectively.
Create a Focal Point
Visual aids help a speaker stay on track. If there is one central visual aid that the speaker can use, then the speaker's thoughts and the audience's attention will stay on course. There's nothing worse than listening to a speaker ramble and lose the audience. Visual aids assist in avoiding such a scenario.
Tags: Visual aids, attention span, point reference, point reference mind, reference mind, Visual aids
A dentist may use X-rays to identify dental issues such as cavities.
Dental radiography refers to the use of X-ray machines for dental work. Such technology is widely used in modern dental practices. X-rays provide an invaluable diagnostic tool for dentists. However, due to the harmful nature of radiation, such machinery must be used with extreme caution.
Purpose of X-Rays
X-ray machines take a "picture" of the mouth---including the teeth, bones and soft tissues such as gums---and help doctors identify potential problems. Some of the issues identified by X-rays include cavities, bone loss and hidden issues, such as ingrown teeth. In addition to identifying problems at the current time, X-ray records in a patient's chart can show the potential deterioration of teeth from year to year.
Dental Machinery
A dental X-ray machine is made up of three parts: the control panel, the extension arm and the "tube head" or area that holds the X-ray tube. These three parts allow dental professionals to correctly position and take X-rays of various sizes at a wide variety of angles. Patients are positioned in front of the machinery and draped in protective lead vests. The technician takes the image from behind a protective barrier or at a significant distance; this is one of the reasons that the extension arm is so important.
Finished X-Rays
After an X-ray is captured, the image is sent for processing (or processed on-site depending on available technology). It is difficult to take a perfect dental X-ray. Images may blur if the patient or machinery moved during exposure. Also, insufficient radiation or development time can lead to under-exposed radiographs. Overexposure is also possible if the perfect balance isn't reached. A finished X-ray will show light and dark areas depending on the density of the penetrated material. Teeth, for example, will appear lighter, while cavities and decay will appear darker.
Caution
Dental technicians receive training in protecting themselves and patients from radiation. In fact, a dental X-ray technician should never receive primary radiation from a dental X-ray when following safety precautions. Secondary radiation is more difficult to avoid. Reasonable precautions---such as protecting patients with lead vests, taking images from behind protective barriers and using the correct radiation dosage and exposure---can help technicians make X-rays as safe as possible.
Tags: dental X-ray, behind protective, from behind, from behind protective, issues such, lead vests
Cancer awareness focuses on creating more and more survivors.
A parade float entrances the crowd, bringing back exciting and traditional images of Americana while giving a resting place to those who would otherwise march in a parade. But that's not all -- your parade float can also carry a message. You can determine design your parade float to bring awareness to cancer by choosing the message you want to carry to your audience.
Breast Cancer Awareness Float
Perhaps the most recognizable symbol of cancer awareness, the pink ribbon can transform from a small clothing item to the construction of your float. The riders on the float can wear pink ribbon crowns or even full pink-ribbon suits. Throw pink beads out of the float with pink ribbons attached to them. At the highest point on the float, a person can shout (through a bullhorn) facts about breast cancer. For any other type of cancer awareness, use the appropriate color, such as orange for leukemia awareness, according to Personalized Cause.
For a Christian organization that promotes breast cancer awareness, you can turn the float ribbon sideways to look like an ichthys ("Christ fish").
Survivor Float
For a survivor float, focus your ideas on showing the strength of survivors. Build the float using images of strength, such as a flexed arm. You can invite cancer survivors to ride on the float and receive cheers from the audience. Families of survivors can march in front of the float carrying banners or signs that have messages such as, "Thanks for saving my mommy" or "Your donations rescued my dad."
Instead of bringing down an audience with the more emotionally wrenching facts about cancer, show your audience through pamphlets the different ways that their donation money has given people with cancer the will and ability to survive. Maybe in this way, your audience will be inspired to continue -- or even begin -- their donations.
Donation Float
A float does not only bring awareness; a successful float can bring donations into your favorite cancer charity or cause. So, to raise money at the event, create a "donation float." Decorate your float according to your cause (a brain for brain cancer, an orange ribbon for leukemia or clowns and childlike images for childhood cancer). About 20 yards before the float, a group of people hold a sign saying, "Donations received, 20 yards." A group of collectors walk beside the float, carrying hats in which to collect cash or check donations.
Tags: cancer awareness, parade float, your audience, your parade float, bring awareness, facts about
When Halloween comes around, it can be all too easy to dress up in the usual manufactured costume. If you want a costume that will set you apart from the sexy nurses and vampires, make your own scary outfit; costumes do not have to be complicated and expensive to stand out from the crowd.
Head on a Platter
For a scary costume primed for photo opportunities, go as a head on a platter. Make a tabletop out of sturdy cardboard; reinforce it with cross-beams of cardboard if it seems likely to bend. Cover it with a light tablecloth and "set" it with napkins, electric candles, plastic utensils and plastic goblets. Make a platter out of cardboard and cut a hole for your head to pop through, and make a cap covered with foil. To scare kids and guests, kneel down so the tablecloth covers your body and it looks like your head is resting on the platter, about to be eaten.
Carrie
With an old formal outfit and some fake blood, you can go as Carrie from the horror movie of the same name. Wear a cheap ball gown and a tiara from the thrift store; cover them in fake blood that runs down the front and back of the dress to simulate the scene where classmates dump a bucket of blood on Carrie. Use fake blood to drip down from your hair and stream over your face.
Corpse
For a costume that is easy to create and scary to behold, go as a corpse in an advanced stage of decay. Choose ripped, dirty clothing that looks like it's been underground for a while; rub in dirt for extra effect. Use makeup to create the impression of rotting flesh, and don't be afraid to pile it on to look like holes in your skin with oozing fluids coming out. For an extra gross-out factor, add some worms or spiders crawling out of a wound.
Rat Attack
When you don't have much time but want to create a costume that is both scary and comical, go as a rat attack victim. Using red makeup, make tiny teeth marks all over your body, with blood dripping from the edges. Rip your clothing in small pieces, as though rats have torn it up in the process of chewing at your skin. Finish off the costume by dangling small fake rats from your body, clothing and hair.
Tags: costume that, fake blood, your body, blood Carrie, from your, looks like, over your
Many non-profit organizations give grants to women writers. No matter what you are trying to do with your grant, finding the right organization and applying are the first essential steps. Read the guidelines, and be sure to apply before the deadline. Apply to as many grants as you can or want to.
Barbara Deming Memorial Fund
The Barbara Deming Memorial Fund give $1,500 grants to feminist women writers who work in poetry, fiction and non-fiction. Every year there are two competitions, and the application fee is $20. The deadline for fiction is Dec. 31, and the deadline for non-fiction, and the deadline for poetry is June 30. This organization conducts all contact through mail. You can get the application materials by writing to the organization.
Susan Pliner, Executive Director
Money for Women/Barbara Deming Memorial Fund, Inc.
P.O. Box 309
Wilton, NH 03086
A Room of Her Own
The non-profit organization A Room of Her Own Foundation gives awards and grants to women writers every year. The Gift of Freedom Award gives a grant of $50,000 to one woman. The grant allows women writers who would otherwise not have the means to be able to pursue their dreams.
A Room Of Her Own Foundation
P. O. Box 778
Placitas , NM 87043
505-867-5373
aroomofherownfoundation.org
The Kentucky Foundation for Women
Every year, the Kentucky Foundation for Women gives away grants to feminist writers, including playwrights, in Kentucky. The grants are given in various amounts, depending on how much money is needed to complete the project. The organization announces competitions for grants throughout the year, so check with it frequently to find out its current offerings.
Kentucky Foundation for Women
1215 Heyburn Building
332 W. Broadway
Louisville, KY 40202
502-562-0045
kfw.org
Astraea
This non-profit foundation works within the lesbian community and seeks social justice. There is a Lesbian Writers Fund that Astraea sponsors, and it gives away grants to lesbians who write either poetry or fiction. The competition for 2010-2011 has a deadline of March 2011. The amounts given away vary depending on if the piece is chosen. There is no entry fee.
Astraea Lesbian Foundation For Justice
116 East 16th Street
7th Floor
New York, NY 10003
212-529-8021
astraeafoundation.org
Tags: Barbara Deming, Barbara Deming Memorial, Deming Memorial, Deming Memorial Fund, Foundation Women
Breast reduction surgery, or reduction mammaplasty, is a surgical procedure used to relieve patients from pain associated with heavy breasts. This is accomplished by removing excess fat, glandular tissue and skin to create a size and shape that most appropriately fits the patient's body. As with any surgical operation, there are potential complications. However, the benefits of breast reduction surgery often outweigh the risks, therefore making it a popular choice for patients with large, heavy breasts.
Benefits
Breast reduction surgery can reduce the emotional and physical complications associated with having large breasts. For example, large breasts make physical activity, such as running or dancing, very challenging and painful. It can also lead to neck, back and shoulder pain associated with the excess weight. On an emotional level, breast reduction surgery can alleviate many of the self-esteem and self-consciousness feelings associated with large, pendulous breasts.
Techniques
There are a number of techniques used by surgeons, and technique selection depends upon the size, shape, degree of reduction and scarring expectations for each patient. The Wise Pattern is the most common method used for breast reduction that is characterized by its anchor-shape incision. The LeJour technique is characterized by a lack of horizontal incision and is often referred to as a lollipop incision. Another options is "scarless breast reduction," which is done through small incisions and liposuction.
Recovery
Following surgery, bandages and stitches will be used to close the incision areas. In addition, a wound drain may be used to remove excess fluid or blood that may collect following surgery. Furthermore, while each surgeon provides different instructions, the general guidance is to minimize heavy lifting, avoid wearing bras with underwires and refrain from physical activities until the bruising and swelling subsides.
Risks
The most common risks associated with breast reduction surgery include asymmetrical breasts, sensation issues and potential breastfeeding complications. While asymmetrical breasts are uncommon following surgery, it is a risk that can be mitigated by selecting a qualified surgeon. In terms of sensation issues, the degree of nipple grafting employed during the surgery has a significant impact on the level of sensation loss. If sensation loss is of particular concern, opt for one of the non-grafting methods to mitigate the risk. In addition, sensation issues are often temporary and typically do not have long-term impact. Finally, with respect to breastfeeding, the risk is directly associated with the method chosen for the surgery. As a general rule, the more glandular and connective tissue that can remain untouched, the better are your chances for breastfeeding in the future. However, when glandular and connective tissue must be removed, a portion of the milk ducts are also removed, which increases your risk for future complications.
Complications
The list of potential complications related to breast reduction surgery are very similar to the complications associated with any invasive surgery. These potential complications include bleeding, adverse reaction to anesthesia, infection or a hematoma. Furthermore, of most concern to patients is the scarring associated with breast reduction. The extent of post-surgery scarring can vary depending upon the method used, skin health and overall complexion. Fortunately, most scars will fade within a year following surgery.
Tags: associated with, reduction surgery, breast reduction, following surgery, potential complications
Tennis elbow, so named because it is a common injury to athletes participating in racquet sports, is in fact a repetitive strain injury that can affect even non-athletes. It typically manifests as pain at or just below the elbow, and is a form of severe tendonitis affecting the muscle that runs from the humerus to the wrist. Its medical name is lateral epicondylitis.
Therapy Goal
The aim of tennis elbow therapy is to reduce the buildup of scar tissue, which can lead to the muscle healing poorly and induce a cycle of injury and healing that never fully leads to recovery. There is some debate about how effective aggressive medical treatments are when compared to traditional therapies of rest, ice, compression, and elevation. Some sufferers have reported benefits to using non-steroidal anti-inflamatories to reduce pain, especially in the first two weeks after the onset of tennis elbow.
Traditional Ultrasound
Traditional ultrasound therapy uses high-frequency sound waves to simulate deep heat therapy. Ultrasound increases blood flow and oxygen to the affected area by raising the temperature of the muscles. Clinical studies show it has limited effectiveness in reducing the disability caused by tennis elbow (see resources). However, when ultrasound is combined with physical therapy such as massage and strengthening and stretching exercises, its effectiveness increases. However, over the long term, this is no better than simply resting the affected area until it heals.
New Ultrasound Therapy
A new ultrasound therapy that is showing some promising results uses ultrasound to help guide a needle to the injured area, then uses the needle to break up scar tissue and create tiny holes in the injured area for collagen to build up. In a clinical study, 65 percent showed improvement, while 35 percent showed no change (see resources). This procedure takes about an hour, and has a recovery time of six weeks, with no activity recommended for the first two weeks, then physical therapy for four weeks.
While calcium is a necessary part of your nutritional intake, too much calcium in your blood is unhealthy. Calcium deposits are accumulations of calcium that have not been properly absorbed by your body; the accumulation of calcium can wind up in your soft tissues, and around joints. Calcium deposits, if left untreated, can cause bone spurs, kidney stones, gallstones, and urinary problems. There are some herbal remedies that you can take to control calcium accumulation and deposits.
Chicory Root and Hydrangea Root
In Herbal Medicines for Common Ailments: A Quick Reference Guide, Dr. Rene M. Tshiteya identifies chicory root as a treatment for calcium deposits, particularly those that lead to gallstone formation, kidney stone formation, and urinary complications. Dr. Tshiteya recommends using chicory root tincture at a dosage of 40 drops diluted in a cup of warm water one hour before a meal or two hours after a meal. The remedy should be consumed three times a day until health issues subside. Dr. Tshiteya also recommends the use of hydrangea root for calcium deposits, at the same dosage offered for chicory root consumption.
Alfalfa
In The Complete Encyclopedia of Natural Healing, author Gary Null explains that alfalfa is an herbal remedy that helps to prevent both the onset of arteriosclerosis as well as the accumulation of calcium deposits. Alfalfa is also an herb that is a source of skin nourishment; it ensures the healthy growth of your nails and hair, and it even contains chlorophyll which is a natural protective agent against cancer formations. This herb has a flavor that is both salty and bitter; it can be consumed as a tea to fend off calcium deposits. You can steep 1 ounce of alfalfa dried leaves in a pint of hot water for a period of 20 minutes. You can consume the herb at a dosage of two cups daily. You can also add fresh Alfalfa seeds to your salads for consumption; add 6 teaspoons of the herb to your salads a day for improved health conditions.
Phosphorus
In Searching for Health, author Robert J. Peshek explains that the accumulation of Calcium bicarbonate deposits around the joints in your fingers result in stiff fingers when you first awaken in the morning hours. Peshek also explains that increasing phosphorus levels improves the condition, because it dissolves calcium deposits. Phosphorus is one of the most plentiful natural minerals in your body. This mineral naturally filters the kidneys of waste and this can help prevent the formation of kidney stones caused by calcium deposits. Phosphorus intake also helps to digestive processes by breaking down fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.
Good food sources for phosphorus include carbonated beverages, dairy products, dried fruit, eggs, fish, garlic cloves, hard potatoes, legumes, meat, nuts, poultry, protein-rich foods, and whole grains. Adult men and women require 700 milligrams of phosphorus daily for optimal health while pregnant and breast feeding women require as much as 1250 milligrams a day. It is important to note that excessive phosphorus intake can result in calcification of soft tissues and organs in your body as well as diarrhea.
Sports massage can be a lucrative specialty for massage therapists. Many massage therapy schools teach sports massage as part of their standard curriculum, and several offer continuing education courses for in-depth sports massage training.
Cortiva Institute Massage Therapy Schools
The Cortiva Institute operates 10 nationally accredited massage therapy schools in six states: Arizona, Delaware, Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Washington. The schools include training in sports massage as part of their standard curriculum and also offer specialized sports massage continuing education courses. Cortiva Institute students are eligible to receive government financial aid to help pay for their education.
Cortiva Institute
(866) 267-8482
cortiva.com
National Massage Therapy Institute
The National Massage Therapy Institute has five campuses located in Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Virginia. The course of study includes training in sports massage and prepares students for licensure as a massage therapist. The school is nationally accredited, and students have the opportunity to receive government financial aid.
National Massage Therapy Institute
(800) 509-5058
studymassage.org
Steiner Education Group
The Steiner Education Group has schools of massage therapy in nine states: Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Maryland, Nevada, Pennsylvania, Utah and Virginia. Each school offers a curriculum that includes training in sports massage. In addition to training leading toward professional licensure, Steiner Education Group also offers continuing education in the area of sports massage. Students at Steiner Education Group schools are eligible for federal financial aid.
Steiner Education Group
steinered.com
Tags: Education Group, Steiner Education, Steiner Education Group, Cortiva Institute, sports massage, continuing education, Massage Therapy Institute
Radiology is the use of ionizing or other radiation to acquire diagnostic images. Simply put, radiation is energy that travels. Radiology departments are diagnostic medical imaging departments found in hospitals. The imaging modalities used in radiology departments are X-ray, fluoroscopy, computed tomography (CT), sonography (ultrasound) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Radiation
Radiology uses several forms of imaging to detect abnormalities within the body. X-ray, fluoroscopy and computed tomography use ionizing radiation. Ionizing radiation is associated with the possible development of cancerous cells. Nuclear medicine also uses ionizing radiation. Radiation is detected by tracers that are injected into the patient. MRI uses radiation in the form of magnetic and radio waves. Ultrasound uses radiation in the form of sound waves. Both MRI and ultrasound radiation are generally considered safe and are non-ionizing.
Radiologists
Radiologists are physicians who are specially trained in radiology. They are knowledgeable in physics concerning ionizing, sound and magnetic radiation. Radiologists oversee safety protocol when using diagnostic imaging modalities. They are responsible for adhering to the ALARA guidelines of exposure: As Low As Reasonably Possible. They also read the exams that are provided by the technologists and other trained staff.
Technologists and Other Staff
Diagnostic imaging exams are performed by specially trained health care professionals. They are educated in the physics and safety protocols of their respective modalities. Radiographers are trained in X-ray and fluoroscopy. They may also cross-train to become CT technologists. MRI technologists are responsible for acquiring different types of MRI images. Sonographers use ultrasound for the diagnosis of various conditions. Nuclear medicine technologists most often perform exams that test body function, unlike the other modalities that image anatomical abnormalities. Technologists determine the amount of radiation to use, and abide by the principle of ALARA.
Procedures
Radiologists perform many surgical procedures using diagnostic imaging equipment. Procedures include spinal injections, PICC lines, biopsies, thoracenteses and paracenteses. The radiology staff assist the radiologist by readying the appropriate equipment for the procedures. They ensure that the appropriate paperwork is completed and that biopsy samples are sent to the appropriate laboratories.
Diagnostics
Although some radiologic procedures are administered for therapeutic reasons, most examinations are done for diagnostic reasons. Patients are referred to the radiology department with a suspected diagnosis. The appropriate examinations are done and the radiologist issues a report to the ordering physician. The ordering physician uses the information acquired from the radiologist, lab work and medical history to produce a final diagnosis and treatment.
A pink ribbon is a widely recognized symbol signifying breast cancer awareness.
There are a few fundraising walks for breast cancer lasting three days, all referred to as a "three-day walk for breast cancer." The Susan G. Komen for the Cure organization sponsors the largest three-day walk, which takes place in several cities once a year. In 2009, this event took place in 15 cities. The Avon Foundation sponsors another walk. Walks for breast cancer are used as one of the primary fundraising events for organizations supporting breast cancer research. Net proceeds go directly to funding breast cancer research and supporting both breast cancer victims and their families.
Fundraising
In 2009, the Susan G. Komen 3-Day for a Cure walk secured $91 million in donations. Since 2005, the walk has raised $500 million for breast cancer research and complimentary programs. Susan G. Komen for the Cure dedicates 84 percent of all donations to its mission of research, education, screening and treatment for breast cancer. The Avon Foundation raised over $265 million between 2003 and 2008 with Avon Walk for Breast Cancer, a similar three-day walk.
Participants
Participants in these fundraising walks include not only the walkers themselves, but volunteers, crew members and administration from the foundations. Walkers and crew members are generally responsible for raising a minimum amount and/or contributing money themselves through fees. Crew member, volunteers and walkers must be 18 years old or accompanied by an adult for the duration of their time at the event.
The Walks
These three-day walks are no easy task for the unfit. Training is often required, and walkers are encouraged to gear up for the event by taking regular practice walks--either on their own or in groups of participants. The Susan G. Komen 3-Day for a Cure consists of three one-day walks of 15 to 22 miles, totaling 60 miles overall. The Avon Walk for Breast Cancer is a similar but shorter walk, at 39 miles completed over a weekend.
Releases and Disabilities
Both the Avon Walk for Breast Cancer and the Susan G. Komen 3-Day for a Cure require liability and medical releases. Emergency medical care is provided on site if necessary, and those with disabilities are encouraged to participate in whatever capacity they are able. Certain accommodations, such as wheelchair-accessible routes, are provided. If participants are unable to complete a walk, transportation to the next check point, camp or otherwise appropriate location is provided.
Ways to Particpate
Those interested in contributing to three-day breast cancer walks can do so in a variety of ways. Walkers not only trek the entire route over three days, but must reach certain fundraising benchmarks to participate. Crew members generally walk with the participants, but perform specific jobs (such as providing water) to support the walkers. Volunteers provide any number of services throughout the course of the year to support the event. Volunteers generally hold the most flexible positions, in that they can contribute anywhere between a few hours to months of work.
Tags: breast cancer, Susan Komen, Walk Breast Cancer, 3-Day Cure, Avon Walk
Health insurance companies vary in coverage levels.
Finding affordable health insurance with adequate coverage in Washington state can be challenging. Several companies offer a range of plans with different combinations of deductible levels, monthly premiums, required co-pays and prescription costs. Employees with coverage through an employer may have fewer choices of providers, but may have fewer out-of-pocket expenses. Take the time to carefully consider your health care needs before choosing an individual or group plan.
Premera Blue Cross
Premera Blue Cross serves Alaska and Washington residents, with the exception of Clark County, for individuals, families and groups. Dental plans and Medicare supplemental plans are also available. Based in suburban Mountlake Terrace just north of Seattle, Premera Blue Cross works with providers across the state, some 27,000 between Washington and Alaska, as of 2008. Individual plans at Premera range from lower-cost catastrophic coverage to comprehensive coverage, including office visits and diagnostic testing. Group plans are available to employers with one to over 200 employees, and benefits vary at each level of additional employees. Premera's four dental plans include services provided by 2,500 dentists as of 2009.
Premera Blue Cross
7001 220th St. SW, Building 1
Mountlake Terrace, WA 98043
800-722-1471
premera.com
Regence Blue Shield
Regence is a nonprofit health insurance company serving Washington residents in 22 counties across the state. Individual plans range from the Regence Evolve Core plan, with lower monthly premiums and higher deductible options, to the HSA 100 plan, which has higher monthly premiums but covers 100 percent of qualified expenses once a deductible is met, as of 2010. Group plans are also serviced by Regence and emphasize wellness programs and employee choices. Additional member advantages include discounts on prescriptions, vision and hearing services, dental care products and local gym memberships.
Regence
1800 9th Ave.
Seattle, WA 98101
206-464-3600
regence.com
Group Health Cooperative
Based in Seattle, Group Health follows a cooperative health care model and was established in 1947. As of 2010, more than 640,000 members living in Washington and Idaho are enrolled in Group Health's plans, according to the company's website. The cooperative philosophy originates with 11 members who serve on the Board of Trustees after being elected by other members. The board works with the medical staff and administrators to maintain Group Health's mission of delivering high-quality health care. Individual and family plans are available, and patients see Group Health physicians or affiliated community clinicians. Specific plans are available for state and federal employees, and group plans serve employees of both small and large businesses.
Group Health
P.O. Box 34590
Seattle, WA 98124
206-326-2800
ghc.org
Washington Basic Health
Washington Basic Health offers health care coverage through private providers with costs supplemented by the state. Eligibility requirements include meeting the federal poverty guidelines and not receiving other services, such as Medicare or Medicaid. Annual coverage amounts vary between two plans, and more than 1,600 physicians may be used under Washington Basic Health. Dental and vision services are not covered, and pre-existing conditions may require a waiting period, as of 2010.
Washington State Health Care Authority
P.O. Box 42682
Olympia, WA 98504
800-660-9840
basichealth.hca.wa.gov
Tags: Group Health, Blue Cross, Premera Blue, Premera Blue Cross, Basic Health, health care, monthly premiums
Digital radiography is rapidly replacing conventional x-ray plates.
Technological developments have made digital radiography a possibility. Digital radiography is rapidly replacing conventional film methods in surgeries and hospitals because of benefits such as reduced costs and radiographic response time, green policies, faster processing time, and better radiation safety measures. Digital radiography displays a radiograph in pixels on a screen instead of using conventional silver halide film. As digital radiography eliminates the developing process of conventional film, doctors can now view the x-rays sooner.
Film Scans
This digital radiography technique has been developed to archive old radiographs electronically. A conventional radiograph, produced on a normal sheet of the industrial x-ray film, is scanned and digitized for viewing and electronic archiving by using specific software.
Digitizing radiographs enables long-term archiving and allows doctors to access the information on remote computers through networks. Disadvantages of this technique are that hazardous chemicals are still used, and recurring film costs remain a factor. Film processing time also still applies.
Computed Radiography
Computed radiography is a technique that replaces conventional x-ray film with an imaging plate in a cassette. Photosensitive phosphors in the plate react when the plate is scanned with a laser beam to capture the latent image. The cassette is placed in a reader to record and translate the data into a digital image on the computer.
Direct Radiography
Direct radiography is a technique in which the image is captured directly on a built-in flat plate and transmitted to the computer. No cassettes are required. This technique provides a direct feed from the panel to the imaging workstation. Several types of detector systems are in use, such as silicon digital x-ray detector systems, selenium detector systems, and complimentary metal oxide semiconductor technology.
Tags: detector systems, radiography technique, conventional film, conventional x-ray, digital radiography, Digital radiography
A Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan, Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT or CT) scan and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan are all tests used to diagnose and help treat patients who have medical conditions. According to the eMedicineHealth website, the MRI was developed in 1946 and the CAT scan was invented in 1974. The PET scan was developed in the early 1950s, according to Boston.com.
PET Scan
A PET scan is a type of imaging that uses nuclear medicine. This type of scan measures important body functions so doctors can see if the organs and tissues in the body are functioning properly. This includes blood flow, oxygen use and sugar metabolism.
Doctors use PET scans to detect cancer, determine blood flow to the heart and evaluate brain abnormalities. It is performed on an outpatient basis and usually takes about 30 minutes. The process of a PET scan involves a dose of radiotracer, which is injected, swallowed or inhaled by the patient. Once the radiotracer works its way through the body, the patient is moved into a scanner. The patient will be given a CAT scan first, then a PET scan, according to the RadiologyInfo website.
CAT Scan
The CAT scan is a test that doctors use to diagnose and treat medical conditions. The CAT scan x-rays a patient's body to produce images that allow doctors to see internal organs, bones, soft tissue and blood vessels.
CAT scans are used for a variety of reasons. Some doctors prefer using this method to diagnose different forms of cancer, vascular diseases and spinal problems. During a CAT scan, x-ray beams and electronic x-ray detectors rotate around the person, measuring the amount of radiation that is absorbed throughout the body. A computer processes these images as the examination tables moves to get a cross-section x-ray of the entire body. The scan takes about 30 minutes.
MRI
An MRI uses a magnetic field, radio frequency pulses and a computer to produce detailed pictures of organs, bones and any internal body structure, which allows doctors to determine if there are diseases in the body.
An MRI is often used to evaluate organs, blood vessels and breasts to diagnose and monitor tumors, heart problems, diseases and breast cancer. The test does not use ionizing radiation, but it instead uses radio waves that redirect the axes of spinning protons. During the exam, the patient is placed on an exam table with small devices around the body that will send and receive the radio waves. Sometimes a contrast material will be used in the exam through an IV. A series of images will be taken during the exam, which lasts about 15 to 45 minutes depending on what the exam is for.
Tags: about minutes, blood flow, blood vessels, help treat, help treat patients, medical conditions
Cancer patients who receive radiation treatment often suffer severe side effects from damaged tissue. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is used throughout the body for relief.
Significance
Undergoing radiation treatment for cancer often results in additional injury. "Once the cancer is cured, patients can suffer numerous painful and often debilitating disorders resulting from the radiation," says Dr. Allan Spiegel of National Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Palm Harbor, Fla. "These are unresponsive to most treatments except hyperbaric oxygen therapy."
Identification
Radiation damage is one of the 13 condition approved for treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) by The Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society(UHMS), the governing body of hyperbaric medicine.
Types
HBOT's value in treating damage of the jaw bone due to radiation has led to wider utilization throughout the body. "It has now also been applied to damage of the brain, damage of muscle and other soft tissues of the face and throat, damage to the chest wall, abdomen and pelvis as a result of radiation treatment," according to UHMS.
Process
Undergoing HBOT requires entering a sealed chamber and breathing pure oxygen at a pressurized rate greater than normal atmospheric pressure, forcing extra oxygen through the bloodstream.
Time Frame
Hyperbaric oxygen treatment for radiation damage takes from 1 to 2 hours with between 30 and 40 sessions required for effective relief of symptoms.
Raising a family can be very expensive. Parents need to provide nutritious food, a safe place to live, access to medical care and a good education for their children. Making sure that any children you have get all they can need can sometimes be difficult. Even the most resourceful parents may find it hard to meet their children's basic needs. If your family is struggling financially, there are programs out there in the private and public sector that will help you meet your family's needs.
Food Banks
Moms and dads who are finding it hard to meet their family's grocery bills can turn to food banks to help make sure their children are getting their daily caloric requirements. Food banks are places where donated goods are collected and distributed. A food bank may allow people to choose from a variety of donated items or create a package of items a family member can pick up. Some food banks allow people to get access to food items as often as they want. Other food banks only allow people to come to the food bank during a certain specific time frame such as once every three months.
Food Stamps
Another form of food aid is food stamps. The food stamp program is administered by the United States Department of Agriculture. Participants are given a card they can use at selected stores to purchase groceries without cost. Eligibility is based on family size and income. If you have more children, you may be eligible for more food money each month. The program places restrictions on what you can buy with the food stamps. Certain items, such as personal hygiene supplies, may not be covered.
Medical Help
A family that meets certain income guidelines may qualify for Medicaid. Medicaid is a program designed to provide access to medical care for low income earners and their families. You can see a doctor, if the doctor accepts Medicaid. Even if you personally earn too much money to qualify for Medicaid, your children can still qualify for medical assistance via CHIP or the Children's Health Insurance Program. Income requirements vary by state and typically include prescription coverage as well as access to doctors and hospitalization coverage.
Rent Assistance
Families may qualify for subsidized housing. A subsidy usually takes two forms: direct aid and rental assistance. Families earning under a certain income may qualify for an apartment in a public housing complex. Rent is tied to income in public housing and goes up as you earn more money. Another form of rental assistance is Section 8 housing. Section 8 housing is via a voucher system designed to provide people access to an apartment or house in a private market. Renters pay a portion of their income and the government pays the rest.
Higher Education Assistance
If you have a child who wants to attend college or you yourself want to attend a college or training program, you may qualify for financial assistance that can help you pay for tuition. Stafford loans are loans that are subsidized by the federal government and carry low interest rates. Pell grants are direct grants from the government for needy families and need not be paid back.
Tags: allow people, food banks, their children, access medical, access medical care, Another form, attend college
Media consolidation refers to the concentration of ownership of news, information and entertainment sources in the hands of fewer and larger corporations as well as cross-ownership of multiple media outlets in a single market. The extent of media consolidation differs across industries and within specific national and local contexts. Advocates of media consolidation contend that it benefits consumers by improving the quality and diversity of content, while critics charge that it has the opposite effect, endangering democracy.
Vertical Integration
Vertical Integration refers to the acquisition and control of multiple media outlets of a given type by a single company. Prior to 1996, the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) restricted ownership of broadcast stations. For example, radio ownership rules limited a single company to two stations in a single market and no more than 40 stations nationwide. The 1996 Telecommunications Act lifted these restrictions, leading to a wave of consolidation. Clear Channel Communications, for example, gained control of 1,225 radio stations in 300 cities during the six years following the act's passage.
Horizontal Integration
Horizontal integration refers to the consolidation of ownership across different types of media outlets. In 1975, the FCC established the newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership rule, which prohibited a single company from owning more than one medium--newspapers, radio or television--in a single market. In 2003, the FCC eased these restrictions, but the Third Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals blocked the change from taking effect. In March 2010, the court lifted its stay, clearing the way for increased horizontal consolidation.
Cable TV
In 1970, the FCC passed the cable-broadcast cross-ownership rule, which prohibited a cable system from owning a broadcast television station within a market in which it operates. The legal battle over FCC revisions of the newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership rules apply equally to cable-broadcast rules, meaning that consolidation of cable and broadcast outlets in a single market is now possible.
The Internet
The Internet has changed the way consumers access news and information, reducing the influence of traditional broadcast media and paving the way for relaxation of barriers to media consolidation. In a Dec. 19, 2007, article in The Huffington Post, FCC Commissioner Deborah Taylor Tate noted, "With the multiplicity of sources now available at the click of a button, the historic concerns underlying the newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership ban would seem to be alleviated." However, media consolidation also implicates the Internet, as telephone and cable companies with proprietary control over this new medium could affect access and content.
History
Media is called the lynchpin of democracy.
Media consolidation in the United States has varied significantly over the past 200 years, from the early days of the republic when control of the press was highly concentrated to the rise of regulatory controls to prevent media monopolies during the 20th century. Regulations designed to curtail media consolidation were intended to ensure that consumers had access to a variety of news sources and diverse opinions and ideas, information required to participate in democratic decision making.
Tags: single market, media consolidation, media outlets, newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership, single company, consumers access, cross-ownership rule
Technology is having a huge impact on life and is continually changing the way the media work. In recent years, a whole raft of new professions have emerged that use media technologies to create and enhance artwork. Many colleges and universities also have courses to help prepare students for careers in the ever-changing fields of film, TV and digital arts.
Computer Animator
Animators bring characters to life.
Each time you watch an animated film such as "Shrek'' or play a computer game, a computer animator is likely to have been involved. Combining strong artistic talent with a thorough grasp of animation technology, computer animators create images that create the illusion of movement when displayed in rapid sequence. Animators typically work for movie and TV production companies, video game companies or for advertising and web design firms.
Game Designer
Game designers are creative, imaginative people who devise and design new games. They can be likened to movie script writers as it is their role to devise characters and create plot lines that appeal to their gaming audience. Game designers work closely with computer programmers and often with animators, audio specialists and testers to get the job done. Good drawing and 3D design skills are a must, as is a passion for computer games.
Visual Effects Artist
Creating visual effects that imitate a smoke scene or explosion, for example, is the role of a visual effects artist. Often employed in broadcast media, the visual effects artist combines visual effects software such as Maya and Softimage and artistry to create good final effects within games, films and television programs.
Multimedia Artist
Multimedia artists, as their name suggests, use a wide range of media to deliver their art. Often specializing in a number of disciplines such as web design, advertising graphics, animation, photography, computer games design or even audiovisual production, multimedia artists frequently work within broadcasting or with advertising or design companies.
Graphic Designer
Graphic design has been around for much longer than the jobs above, at least since designer Dwiggins William Addison coined the term "graphic design'' in 1922. Today, many graphic designers find they produce less and less for print and more and more for online media. A modern-day graphic designer needs to be up to speed with web-based technology and to be able to think creatively to communicate across a variety of media.
Fibroids are tumors that grow in the uterus. These tumors are typically non-cancerous and are made of muscle and other tissues. Other names for uterine fibroids are myomas and leiomyomas. Those people most at risk for fibroids are overweight or African-American women. The cause of fibroids is unknown and they contribute to 3 out of 10 hysterectomies. A hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus.
Types
Fibroids can grow inside, outside or within the uterine walls. They can also be attached to the uterus by a stem-like structure. The size of fibroids can vary from pea-sized to more than 5 to 6 inches wide. In some cases, fibroids can even grow big enough to fill your pelvic area. You can have one or more fibroids of different sizes in your uterus.
Symptoms
Uterine fibroids may not cause symptoms. Some fibroids can cause painful periods, heavy menstrual bleeding, anemia, a feeling of "fullness" in the lower part of your stomach, increased need to urinate, difficulty urinating, constipation, lower back or stomach pain, bleeding between periods, pain during sex, infertility, miscarriages and possible early labor during pregnancy. Contact your physician for further advice if you experience symptoms of uterine fibroids.
Complications
Fibroids may or may not cause problems. Fibroids attached to the uterus with a stem-like structure can twist and cause fever, nausea and pain. Swelling and pain of the stomach can be associated with a very large fibroid. Another possible complication is infertility which can be resolved after the fibroids are treated.
Diagnosis
Fibroids can be diagnosed based on a routine pelvic exam. You physician may also order an ultrasound, hysteroscopy, hysterosalpingography, sonohysterography or a laparoscopy. An ultrasound creates pictures of the uterus using sound waves. A hysteroscopy uses a device that is inserted through the vagina to see into the uterus. A hysterosalpingography is a type of X-ray test. A sonohysterography is a test where a special fluid is used with a sonogram to provide a clear picture of the uterine lining. A laparoscopy is a device inserted into a small cut in the navel that allows your physician to see fibroids on the outside of your uterus.
Treatment
Your physician will recommend treatment depending on if you want to have children, how large your fibroids are, your age and which symptoms you exhibit. Treatment options include pain medications, birth control pills, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, progestin-releasing intrauterine device and surgical options. Types of surgical options include decreasing blood flow to the fibroids, using heat to destroy fibroids and surgical removal of the fibroids or the uterus.
A fibroid is a muscular tumor that grows inside the wall of the uterus, and it is usually benign. Fibroids can grow as a single tumor, or there may be multiple tumors. The size of fibroids varies. They may be as small as a seed or as big as a softball. In some cases, they grow extremely large. If you have fibroids and experience moderate to severe symptoms, your physician may decide that surgery is the best treatment for you.
Myomectomy or Hysterectomy
The doctor may want to do a myomectomy or a hysterectomy. If you plan to have more children, the myomectomy should be considered as one of your options. This procedure removes the fibroids without taking out the healthy tissue inside your uterus, leaving you capable of carrying a child to full term. If the fibroids are embedded deep inside your uterus, you may need a caesarian section to deliver after a myomectomy. The physician will perform major surgery, which means making an incision in your abdomen, or he will use laproscopy or hysteroscopy, which is less invasive. The size of the fibroids will determine which type of surgery is necessary. New fibroids can form inside your uterus and cause more trouble later. If you do not plan to have any children, you might consider having a hysterectomy, which means the physician will remove your uterus. Women who have large fibroids and heavy bleeding, and who are near menopause, usually choose this treatment.
Endometrial Ablation or Myolysis
Other options for fibroid surgery are endometrial ablation or myolysis. During the endometrial ablation, the lining of the uterus is removed or destroyed to control the patient's heavy bleeding. There are many methods of doing this, from laser treatment to freezing the lining. This is minor surgery and can be performed on an outpatient basis. Complications of this surgery are very uncommon. Myolysis is also considered a minor surgery. With this procedure, a needle is inserted into the fibroid. An electric current or a freezing mechanism will destroy the tumor.
Embolization
Finally, you could choose to have uterine fibroid embolization. A tube is threaded into the blood vessels that supply blood to the fibroid. Small gel particles are injected into the blood vessels, thus blocking the blood supply to the fibroid. This causes it to shrink. This is also an outpatient procedure.
Tags: your uterus, inside your, inside your uterus, blood vessels, endometrial ablation
The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists administers credentials for radiologic technology professionals.
Commonly abbreviated ARRT, the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists is a national organization in the United States. It helps professionals in the fields of interventional medicine, medical imaging and radiation therapy provide high-quality patient care. To achieve that goal, ARRT develops and enforces educational, examination and professional standards intended to ensure that the individuals it certifies are able to perform their job competently.
History
The Radiological Society of North America established ARRT as the Registry in 1922. The organization certified Sister M. Beatrice Merrigan, its first Registered Technologist, or R.T., on December 26 of that year after she passed a radiography examination with 20 essay questions. Upon its incorporation in 1936, the Registry was renamed the American Registry of X-Ray Technicians, and it became the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists in 1962 to reflect its broadened focus on certifying professionals in the original radiography, along with radiation therapy and nuclear medicine technology.
Features
ARRT administers credentials in five primary radiologic technology disciplines (radiography, nuclear medicine technology, radiation therapy, sonography and magnetic resonance imaging) and 12 post-primary disciplines (bone densitometry, breast sonography, cardiac-interventional radiography, cardiovascular-interventional radiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, mammography, quality management, sonography, vascular sonography and vascular-interventional radiography). Qualified individuals who pass the relevant examination are designated an R.T. (Registered Technologist) in their area of specialization. ARRT also awards the Registered Radiologist Assistant, or R.R.A., certification to eligible candidates, who are considered advanced radiologic technologists.
Structure
Based in St. Paul, Minnesota, ARRT has a Board of Trustees with nine members. The American Society of Radiologic Technologists--a national organization for all radiologic science professionals--selects five board members, and the American College of Radiology--a national organization of clinical medical physicists, radiation oncologists and radiologists--chooses four. The board establishes ARRT's policies, and an executive director manages the organization's operations. The executive director also hires and manages a staff of about 60 employees to perform required duties in one of two divisions: Business Operations and Certification & Registration Operations.
Licensing
Although ARRT does not license individuals to practice, as of 2010, 36 states included a passing score on an ARRT certification examination among the licensing requirements for radiologic technologists. ARRT has agreements with certain states that allows them to administer some of the organization's certification examinations for state licensing purposes. Individuals in those states who wish to earn ARRT certification and a state license must follow ARRT's separate application procedures; applying for and/or receiving a state license does not meet ARRT's application and eligibility requirements.
Considerations
ARRT certification is voluntary, and candidates must meet requirements in three areas: education, ethics and examination. The education obligation includes finishing an accredited formal training program and having sufficient clinical experience. The ethics component demands that candidates have "good moral character" and no history of conduct, including criminal convictions, that violates ARRT's ethical standards as outlined in the ARRT Standards of Ethics. The examination requirement refers to demonstrating competency by passing the certification test. Technologists who receive certification must renew it annually, which requires participation in continuing education.
Tags: American Registry, American Registry Radiologic, Registry Radiologic, Registry Radiologic Technologists, ARRT certification
Surgical technologists, also known as scrub techs for short, are vital members of a medical team on surgery day. Surgical techs prepare surgeons for their work, including providing clean equipment, sanitizing their hands and arms and standing by to procure medical supplies. In West Virginia, surgical technologists earned salaries below the national average in 2009, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
Prepping for Surgery
While West Virginia's surgical technologists have far fewer educational and training requirements for their jobs than the surgeons they assist, all scrub techs do follow a path of post-secondary education for their profession. Options range from a nine-month certificate to a two-year associate's degree. Although attending an in-state institution is not required, the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs accredits six West Virginia surgical technology programs: West Virginia University, Carver Career and Technical Education Center, West Virginia Northern Community College, James Rumsey Technical Institute, Southern West Virginia Community and Technical College and Monongalia County Technical Education Center.
West Virginia Statistics
Out of the country's 91,250 surgical technologists in 2009, only 690, or .008 percent, were from West Virginia. Salaries for West Virginia's surgical technologists were considerably lower than the national average, with a statewide $30,600 median wage comparing to the country's $39,400, according to the BLS as of 2009. In fact, West Virginia's highest-paid surgical technologists earned $41,690 in the 90th percentile, which was much closer to the country's 50th percentile wage. West Virginia's lowest-paid surgical techs earned $23,180.
Lowest Pay
Salaries for surgical technologists working in Charleston were the lowest in the state, with median wages of $29,590. Wheeling actually had the lowest 10th percentile salary of $22,560, although Charleston wasn't far behind with 10th percentile salaries of $22,610. Morgantown also had a low median salary of $30,230.
Scrubbing Up
Although West Virginia's statewide salary sank far below the national median, one area of the state did top both figures. Surgical technologists in the Hagerstown-Martinsburg areas earned a median salary of $42,950, higher than both the statewide and national wages. These areas also provided the state's highest 90th percentile salaries, at $56,140. Wheeling was the state's second-highest payer for scrub tech salaries, at $31,210 for the median wage, while Morgantown earned the state's second-highest 90th percentile salaries at $39,930.
Tags: West Virginia, Virginia surgical, West Virginia surgical, 90th percentile, percentile salaries, surgical technologists
Many patients have adverse reactions to contrast dye.
Contrast dye, also known as RCM, Radiocontrast Media or IV dye, is used for various tests and studies, such as cat scans, angiograms and intravenous pyelograms. Reactions to the dye often are quite common, relatively mild and occur only for a short period of time. However, in some cases the patient can experience more serious reactions that require treatment.
Rash
A rash is one of the most common reactions to contrast dye, especially the type that is iodine-based. The rash can cause a warm sensation to the skin and often is accompanied by itching and hives. This type of reaction can be treated usually with antihistamines or steroids.
Vomiting
Another possible adverse reaction is vomiting and dizziness. These symptoms can be brought on by low blood pressure, which is another possible reaction to contrast dye. The vomiting usually can be treated with anti-emetics, and the patient's blood pressure is monitored closely.
Shortness of Breath
Symptoms such as shortness of breath or difficulty breathing can be a life-threatening reaction. In these types of cases, injectable epinephrine is used to relieve the symptoms and reverse the reaction. A physician may prescribe steroids or over-the-counter antihistamines.
Diagnosis
Diagnosing an allergy to contrast dye can be difficult because there are no standard blood or skin tests available for this. To determine if an allergy is possible, an allergist can inject a small amount of dye under the surface of the skin to see if any reaction occurs. This should be done before the scheduled test with contrast dye to see how the patient will react to the dye.
Regular checkups offer a variety of health benefits.
Annual physicals test general health and the conditions of various parts of the body, and detect problems at an early stage. Your health care provider will take measurements of height and weight and give advice on life choices such as diet and tobacco use.
Function
Annual physicals screen for health issues that patients may not have noticed yet. Doctors may screen for a number of conditions during a physical, including cholesterol levels, diabetes and high blood pressure. Physicians may also screen for a number of common cancers, including breast, cervical, prostate and skin.
Benefits
Annual physicals find and help treat problems; early intervention helps cure and even prevent diseases and disorders. During a physical, physicians can answer any health questions a patient might have. Doctors may give recommended immunizations that protect the patient from communicable diseases.
Considerations
How often a patient should get a physical depends on the patient's health, family history and lifestyle choices. Older patients and patients with preexisting conditions may need more thorough checkups on a regular basis.
Tags: Annual physicals, problems early, screen number
About the San Diego Susan G. Komen Walk for Breast Cancer
The Susan G. Komen Walk for Cancer, also known as the Breast Cancer Three-Day, is a charity walk 60 miles long to raise money for breast cancer research and breast cancer awareness. The walk is sometimes known as the Three-Day because the event takes place over a three-day weekend. The Breast Cancer Three-Day is held in several cities throughout the United States, including San Diego. The participants in San Diego form teams, with each individual on the team raising their own money and attending the walk.
History
The Susan G. Komen breast cancer walk was originally organized by Dan Pallotta in 1998, in conjunction with his company, Pallotta Teamworks. The event was sponsored by Avon. Susan Goodman Komen, who the walk was named after, was a woman who was diagnosed with breast cancer at age 33 and died in 1980, three years later. The Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation, which is now known as Susan G. Komen For the Cure, was organized by Komen's sister, Nancy Goodman Brinker, in 1982.
Significance
The San Diego Three-Day usually takes place latest in the year because the location will have the warmest weather of any of the other United States locations. The San Diego Three-Day takes place in November, occurring from November 21-23 in 2008. Other cities that participate in the Susan G. Komen walk include Boston, Cleveland, Seattle, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Philadelphia, Atlanta, San Francisco, Washington D.C., Dallas and Tampa Bay.
Geography
In 2008, the Susan G. Komen walk in San Diego began November 21 at Del Mar Fairgrounds, and continued through Kellogg Park, La Jolla Cove, Crown Point Shores, Sunset Cliffs, Mission Bay, and finally ended at Petco Park. Walkers logged a total of 60 miles in three days while viewing the historic sights of San Diego. The official sponsors for the 2008 event were New Balance, Pepperidge Farm and LaCroix.
Considerations
One large aspect of the Susan G. Komen walk is sleeping outside. The foundation provides food, tents, amenities and transportation in case you are unable to finish walking. The minimum age requirement for walkers is 16, but walkers who are 16 and 17 must be accompanied by an adult at all times. Walkers must have proof of health insurance in order to participate, and anyone with a history of severe medical conditions is advised to talk to a doctor before participating in the walk.
Benefits
Walking in the Susan G. Komen Walk for Breast Cancer is an excellent way to raise money for breast cancer research and awareness. Many women who participate in the walk are breast cancer survivors, or family members of breast cancer survivors and victims. Even if you do not feel that you will be able to walk 60 miles, participate in the event and you may surprise yourself. With the beautiful backdrop of San Diego behind you as you walk, you may be able to accomplish something you never thought you could.
Tags: Susan Komen, Komen Walk Breast, takes place, Walk Breast, Walk Breast Cancer, About Diego, About Diego Susan
Applicants for the NYPD go through a rigorous application process.
New York Police Department applicants must have a New York state driver's license and live in one of the five boroughs of New York City or in the county of Nassau, Suffolk, Westchester, Rockland, Putnam or Orange. Applicants should be between the ages of 21 and 35 and have obtained both a high school diploma or GED and 60 semester hours of college education. A military history of two years may be used instead of college credits.
Instructions
1. Take the written civil service examination given by the Department of Citywide Administrative Services.
2. Complete the medical examination and character pre-screening. At this time, you must provide documentation showing the completion of at least 60 college credits with a GPA of 2.0. In lieu of college education, you may provide documentation of two years of military service. An initial character assessment and fingerprinting will be done during this appointment.
3. Attend a character investigation with a police department investigator. Application materials will be reviewed at this time, and supplemental materials will be given. Problems and discrepancies in the application will be addressed.
4. Take the standardized written psychological test.
5. Complete the oral psychological test.
6. Perform the Job Standard Test (JST). A variety of physical activities will be performed in 4 minutes and 28 seconds.
7. Attend the pre-hire interview. The interview will consist of a second brief medical examination and an update on your character investigation.
Tags: character investigation, college credits, college education, materials will, medical examination, provide documentation
Federal government employees have a variety of health insurance options.
The Office of Personnel Management administers the health care benefit options for federal sector employees. The federal government provides its employees with dozens of health care insurance options to select from once the employee has worked for 60 days and enrolls within an open enrollment period.
Health Insurance Plans
Federal employees choose their insurance plan through the Federal Employees Health Benefits program. The program provides several different health care options including Health Maintenance Organization and Preferred Provider Organization plans. Employees may choose from several different premium and deductible options including lower premium options with higher deductibles or out-of-pocket fees. Employees must enroll in the program within 60 days from the beginning of their employment. Employees who do not enroll within this timeframe must wait for the government's open-season enrollment periods provided annually. The health care premiums are deducted from the employee's paycheck and subsidized by the federal government. Generally, all federal employees are eligible to receive Federal Employees Health Benefits coverage with one of its participating providers unless specifically disallowed by law according to the agency's rules.
Health Insurance Options
Within the Federal Employees Health Benefits program, the federal government offers over two dozen health care provider options. Choices include Aetna, SAMBA, Blue Cross and Blue Shield and Kaiser Foundation plans. Participants choose from different coverage providers depending upon where the federal employee lives. Most of the Health Maintenance Organization plans only provide access to doctors and hospitals near the employee's state of residency. The federal government provides a website and searchable database through the Office of Personnel Management for employees to select and compare the differences between each program. Typically, health care plans charge more for family coverage than coverage for the employee alone. The federal government selects the different insurance plans based on employees' requests, cost-savings benefits for employees and the ease of the plan's administration.
Health Flex Spending Plans
The federal government provides flexible spending account programs allowing government employees to pay for their out-of-pocket healthcare costs using pretax money. Government employees may opt into this plan within a 60-day period from employment. However, the government provides employees with an annual open enrollment season to join in the program.
Federal Vision and Dental
The vision and dental program, also known as FEDVIP, provides employees with dental and vision coverage if they enroll in a government health insurance program. There is no government subsidization for this vision and dental coverage unlike the health insurance subsidization. Employees must fund 100 percent of the monthly premiums, but may automatically pay for costs through pretax paycheck withdrawals.
Long-Term or Palliative Care
The federal government provides its employees with long-term health care options to cover the costs of skilled nursing facilities or palliative care hospices. Employees may choose coverage at any point since there is open enrollment all year long. Many employees nearing retirement choose to participate in the long-term care coverage since Medicare insurance plans typically pay only limited amounts of skilled nursing care. The federal government does not subsidize costs for participating in the long-term care program.
Tags: health care, federal government, government provides, employees with, federal government provides
MRI technologists may need more education to specialize in a particular area.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologists and technicians are specialized radiologic technologists/technicians. They use MRI machines to get pictures of soft and hard tissues inside the body. Because the images MRI technologists produce impact patient diagnoses, MRI technologists receive formal training in their field. This training usually leads to a certificate or degree and is applicable to a license in radiologic technology.
Certificates and Degrees
Depending on how specialized you want to become as an MRI technologist, you can enter either an associate's or bachelor's degree program in radiologic technology with a focus on MRI technology. Most MRI technologists earn an associate's degree, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. If you already have a health care degree, programs that provide MRI certificates exist These programs last just one year, compared to the two years required for an associate's degree and four years for a bachelor's degree.
Typical Courses
Regardless of whether you get a certificate, associate's degree or bachelor's degree, a MRI technologist program will include courses like anatomy, biology and chemistry. Other typical coursework includes physics, physiology, instrumentation, patient care, medical terminology and medical ethics. Depending on the program, up to half of coursework can be in a clinical setting. Any clinical work typically is done in the last half of the program.
Where to Train
Most MRI technologists enroll in a radiology technologist program at a college or university. However, you also can train at vocational or technical schools, as well as in some hospitals. Some MRI technologists are trained in programs through the armed forces.
The Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology is the primary accrediting body for radiologic technologist programs. This organization accredits 213 programs that yield certificates, 397 programs that provide associate's degrees and 35 programs that offer bachelor's degrees, as of 2009, says the BLS. The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists also is a major accrediting body providing voluntary certification for individuals.
Considerations
Because medical radiation runs the risk of exposing the public to radiation, radiologic technologists, including MRI technologists, must seek formal licensure in most states. However, the requirements for licensure vary from state to state. Before starting MRI technologist training, contact your state licensing board about the licensure requirements for your jurisdiction. Choose an accredited program based on how well the training prepares you for licensure.
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surgery is generally recommended for patients experiencing physical pain or symptoms caused by excessively large breasts. The excessive weight of large breasts may cause a number of problems that can be resolved from reducing the amount of the breast tissue. Breast reductions can also improve your appearance, help your clothes fit better, make your body more proportional and improve the shape of the breasts.
Who is a Candidate
Certain patients may be good candidates for breast reduction surgery. These patients include those with breasts that are disproportionate to their frame, patients with heavy breasts that have nipples and areolas that face in a downward direction, those with breasts of uneven sizes, those who experience back pain or pain in the neck or shoulder due to the weight of their breasts, those who have skin irritation either below their breasts or on their shoulders due to the pressure of their bra straps and those whose physical activity is limited due to the size of their breasts.
Typically, breast reduction surgery should only be performed once the breast tissue has stopped developing. Ideally, women should have already completed childbirth and breastfeeding prior to a breast reduction surgery, because the effect of these activities can alter the shape of the breasts.
How is The Surgery Performed
During breast reduction surgery, three incisions are made in the breast. The first is an incision around the areola, the second is a vertical incision from the areola to the crease under the breast, and the third goes along the curve of the breast. The doctor removes excess skin, fat and tissue from these incisions and shifts the areola upward to a higher spot on the breast. The areola may also be reduced in size if it is too large. Finally, skin that was previously above the nipple is brought downward and used to reshape the breast. Because the nipple and areola are not removed, sensation usually still exists following a breast reduction surgery.
Risks of the Surgery
Potential risks include the normal risks of surgery: infection, bleeding and an adverse reaction to anesthesia.
There are also risks regarding the appearance of the breast, which may not be symmetrical in size or nipple placement after the surgery. In rare cases, there is a loss of sensation in the nipple and areola.
Recovery
A full recovery is usually possible within a few weeks. Mild discomfort during the recovery period is normal. Sexual activity should be avoided for at least a week following the surgery, and care should be taken for at least six weeks following the operation.
Longterm Results
Smaller breasts generally appear firmer, and the scars from the surgery usually fade over time although may never become invisible. Typically, breast size remains constant after the reduction surgery unless you gain or lose a great deal of weight. Aging will also eventually alter the shape of the breasts.
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