Community Colleges In Los Angeles California

More than 250,000 students enroll in Los Angeles community colleges each year.

Community colleges in Los Angeles are part of the Los Angeles Community College District (LACCD). This district covers 36 cities and is the largest public college district in the United States. The district covers the San Fernando Valley, Beach Cities, Hollywood, East and West Los Angeles, and neighboring regions of Los Angeles. Three colleges in the district are located in the city of Los Angeles. Colleges offer two-year diploma/degree programs in a range of disciplines. The LACCD uses one online admission process for all colleges.

Los Angeles City College

Los Angeles City College is located in Hollywood. The college is on a 49-acre campus that houses computer labs, athletic/fitness facilities, a library, a theater, a center for child development and studios for TV and film. LACC has two satellite learning centers and offers distance learning via instructional TV. Degrees or certificate programs offered include accounting, business, chemistry, cinema, computer sciences and information technology, dental technology, dietetics, electronics, engineering, finance, journalism, law, liberal arts, music, nursing, political science, psychology, radiologic technology, real estate, theater, Chicano studies and English.

Los Angeles City College

855 N. Vermont Avenue

Los Angeles, CA 90029

323-953-4000

lacitycollege.edu

Los Angeles Southwest College

Los Angeles Southwest College is located in the southwest area of L.A. The college offers associate's degree programs, certificates and diploma courses. Students can study art history, business administration, drafting, electronics technology, interdisciplinary study, journalism, law, paralegal studies, registered nursing, political science, sociology and speech communications. Students can attend in a classroom or online. The college also provides an Anytime Student Assistance Program (ASAP) to help students who need assistance completing course or program requirements.

Los Angeles Southwest College

1600 West Imperial Highway

Los Angeles, CA 90047-4899

323-241-5225

lasc.edu

Los Angeles Trade Technical College

Los Angeles Trade Technical College is on a 25-acre campus, two miles south of the business district of central L.A. The college offers associate's degree programs in arts and sciences. The focus of two-thirds of the curriculum is on advancing career skills. Study areas include art trades, child development, community and economic development, cosmetology, culinary arts, electronics and computer technology, fashion, labor studies, transportation technology and construction, design and manufacturing. A continuing education program provides free noncredit courses to students in areas such as vocational/career preparation, employment readiness, skills for college success and college orientation.

Los Angeles Trade Technical College

400 West Washington Blvd

Los Angeles, CA 90015

213-763-7000

college.lattc.edu

Los Angeles Valley College

Los Angeles Valley College campus is 15 miles from L.A., in the San Fernando Valley. The college offers courses that prepare students for university-level or vocational work. Degree and certificate programs include anthropology, architecture, astronomy, biology, broadcasting, cinema arts, earth science, engineering technology, ethnic studies, English, foreign language (Spanish, French, German and Italian), geology, geography, history, motion picture production technician, nursing, respiratory therapy, sociology, speech communications and theater arts. The college has an Advanced Manufacturing Training Institute (AMTI) and an Institute for Developing Entertainment Arts & Studies (IDEAS). Students can enroll in cooperative education or extension certificate programs.

Los Angeles Valley College

5800 Fulton Avenue

Valley Glen, CA 91401

818-947-2600

lavc.edu

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What Does A Medical Technologist Do

A medical laboratory technologist is trained to examine and analyze body fluids and cells. In laboratories, the majority of these duties are automatically performed on a machine. The technologists must also know examine and analyze all cells manually by sight and under a microscope. Their training is critical because the body fluids they analyze will be given to physicians, who will use their results to treat a patient's medical condition.

Specialty Areas

Technologists perform testing in different areas with different types of technology. They must be able to use a microscope, know all the different blood morphology in white and red blood cells, know perform immunology testing for testing the AIDS virus and testing for bacteria, viruses and fungus.

Blood Transfusions

Technologists perform blood matching for blood transfusions. This testing is more complicated than having the same blood types. Technologists must be able to analyze under a microscope if proteins in the blood samples are compatible.

Supervisory Roles

Technologists can fulfill a supervisory role. Even when they are supervisors, they must keep their skills up. If an employee is out sick, the supervisor must take over the duties for that day.

Quality and Testing

Technologists must be able to do more than just analyze specimens. The technologist performs constant quality assurance in his work. If a test is repeated the same results, must be able to be obtained.

Comparisons

Technologists compare chemical contents in the blood to what the value should be.

Tags: must able, body fluids, examine analyze, Technologists must able, Technologists perform, under microscope

Request Medical Records Of A Deceased Parent

Request Medical Records of a Deceased Parent

Once parents pass away, their medical records are closed and, because of the many privacy laws in effect, you may run into some difficulties obtaining their information. However, this genetic information is important for health problems that you or your next-of-kin may experience now or in future. To obtain the health records of deceased parents, you need to be the estate holder or next-of-kin by law.

Instructions

1. Check to see what your state requirements are for acquiring medical records for a deceased parent. Requirements in each state differ slightly. The usual next-of-kin order is spouse and then child, so if both of your parents are deceased, you should have the authority.

2. Contact the medical facility or agency that is holding the medical records of the deceased parent and request the "Medical Records Release Authorization" form, or something similar to that title. You'll need to request a form from each facility where your parent obtained medical help, such as a hospital, a nursing home, a regular physician, a dentist and so on.

3. Send the request back with the form filled out, with a reason as to why you want the records and with proof that you have the right to access the records. This might mean sending a copy of your birth certificate or some type of identification that proves you are the child of the deceased person.

4. If you run into difficulty obtaining records, hire a lawyer or attorney to help you. A Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) form or a subpoena may be needed for certain records.

Tags: deceased parent, Deceased Parent, Medical Records, medical records, medical records deceased

Facts About A Career In Radiology

Radiology personnel perform diagnostic imaging tasks, such as taking x-rays.

Students who choose a career in radiology will be joining a field where the demand for trained specialists is expected to grow through 2019. Occupation choices range from technicians to radiologists, with a certificate or two-year degree being the minimum educational starting point. Radiology is sometimes referred to as diagnostic imaging.

Growth of the Profession

As the U.S. population ages and technology advances, the demand for workers in the radiology field will increase. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook says the demand for radiologic technologists alone is expected to increase by 17 percent by 2018, which is faster than the average for all occupations.

Specialties

The field of radiology offers many options for career choices. A person can become a radiologic technologist, a technician, a nurse who specializes in caring for radiology patients, or a radiologist, among the career choices. Additionally, radiology workers, including radiologists, can choose to specialize within their field, such as only working with pediatric patients, cancer patients or senior citizens.

Educational Requirements

A radiologist is a medical doctor and must complete a bachelor's degree and then medical school and a residency. However, a certificate program or an associate degree in the field suffices for most of the other radiologic occupations. The society notes there are 1,000 programs for radiologic technicians in the United States. Students should start planning for their radiology careers in high school by taking courses in biology, chemistry, math and physics.

Salaries

The starting salary for entry-level salary for radiologic technologists averages $44,500 and $57,500 for radiation therapists. The jobs handbook says experienced technologists earn upwards of $75,000 annually. Radiologist earnings average about $200,000 annually at the high end, according to PayScale.

Job Requirements

Radiology workers need to be strong as they must someitmes move heavy equipment around. They also need to be able to stand on their feet for long periods. Additionally, they must be very detail-oriented in order to get diagnostic images of the right body parts. Radiology personnel usually wear dosimeters, which measure the amount of radiation they are exposed to; protective measures, such as lead aprons, are taken to keep the exposure as low as possible.

Tags: career choices, diagnostic imaging, radiologic technologists, Radiology personnel, they must

Communicable Cat Diseases

Communicable diseases, also called infectious disease, among cats are conditions that can be spread from one animal to another, either through direct contact or shared surfaces. Here are four common infectious diseases among cats, their corresponding symptoms and treatments and preventative measures you can take to keep your pet safe.

What is a Communicable Disease?

A communicable disease, sometimes also called an infectious disease, is one that can be spread from one animal to another. For example, a communicable disease common in humans is influenza.

Giardiasis

Giardiasis is a disease caused by tiny one-celled organisms called Giardia. These organisms live in the intestines of cats and develop into cysts. When an infected cat defecates, the small cysts are shed and picked up by other cats who share the same litter box. The disease can lay dormant for years before the cat shows symptoms. Symptoms include bloody stool, diarrhea, flatulence and weight loss. A veterinarian can diagnose Giardiasis through a stool sample. If the cat is found to be affected by this disease, oral metronidazole will typically be prescribed. As a preventative measure, veterinarians recommended scooping litter boxes daily and cleaning with a bleach solution regularly.

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus, also known as feline AIDS, is a serious disease that can be fatal if not treated. It is important to note that this disease cannot be passed to humans. It is only passed from saliva to blood contact through bite wounds or from the mother to her kittens via the placenta. If FIV is diagnosed there are a variety of treatment options available. The best measure is prevention. Keeping your cat indoors and away from other cats will prevent bite wounds. If you get a new cat, have a blood test done before introducing it to the rest of the group.

Feline Panleukopenia

Feline Penleukopenia is commonly referred to as distemper. It is a highly contagious virus that is most common in young cats and often results in death. Distemper is so contagious that sharing water dishes, litter boxes and even humans handling multiple cats can spread the disease. Often disinfecting is not enough to kill the virus and it can live on objects for great periods of time. Common symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite and a hunched over posture. Cats with distemper also develop a small flap of skin that looks like an extra eyelid over the corner of the eye. An annual vaccine can prevent distemper.

Bartonella Henselae

Bartonella Henselae is a bacteria that causes an upper respiratory infection in cats. It is highly contagious among cats and causes Cat Scratch Fever in humans. Cats with this disease will have breathing problems, watery eyes and nasal discharge. Bartonella Henselae can be treated with antibiotics but due to the disease's contagious nature it is best to keep infected animals separate from other cats and limit human contact.

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Characteristics Of Quality Public Service Announcements

Quality PSAs succeed at motivating people to action.

Public service announcements (PSAs) provide nonprofit organizations, governmental agencies and community service providers with free advertising space on television and radio. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) requires broadcasters to donate airtime to promote community events and services, encourage responsible behavior or publicize an organization as a condition of their licenses. You can take advantage of this free advertising by contacting television and radio stations in your area and asking about their PSA policies and applications.

The Message

The most important characteristic of a quality PSA is the message. Clearly state the organization's name, the name of the event or service, the website address and a contact phone number. Make sure you include all the details by covering the who, what, why, when, where and how. A 30- or 60-second PSA should include contact information at the beginning and again at the end. PSAs that will be read on air by an anchorperson or DJ should be written on your organization's letterhead and include a name and phone number for the broadcaster to contact with questions.

Voice

PSAs should be written in a warm, conversational voice. Make the event or organization sound interesting by grabbing the audience's attention in the first sentence. For example, if your organization is having a carnival fundraiser, you may want to start with a question: "Do you like games and prizes?" Make it sound exciting and mention aspects of the event that appeal to a broad audience, such as children's rides and adult activities. Read the PSA out loud several times to see if it sounds like something you would tell a friend.

Call to Action

Every quality PSA includes a call to action. You don't merely want to inform people about an event or organization; you want them to do something: "Come to our carnival fundraiser!" "Say no to drugs!" Include the call to action in a firm tone at the end of the PSA; for longer spots, you can also include it at the beginning. Effective calls to action rely on motivational and persuasive techniques that evoke emotional responses from the audience. For example, children's charities often show or describe either poor living conditions or inspirational stories to persuade people to donate money.

Radio

Radio stations fill unused advertising space by having DJs read PSAs at random, so there's no guarantee your PSA will be read. Spots can be 10, 30 or 60 seconds long, and most stations require you to submit copy in all three time formats. DJs talk at an average rate of 125 words per minute, so you can write your PSA using word count as a guide. For example, 10-second PSAs should be about 30 words, 30 seconds about 60 words, and 60 seconds about 125 words. Some stations have specific guidelines and scripts, so check with each station before you submit your script.

Television

Television stations often donate airtime and production assistance for nonprofits to create PSAs. Local stations will either help you film a PSA or allow you to use their equipment to do it yourself. These departments often operate on small budgets and work on a first-come, first-served basis, so find out what's available in your area. Always write or produce your PSA in accordance with a station's policies, which may mean producing several versions of the same message. Large organizations usually hire advertising agencies to produce PSAs for national television.

Tags: about words, about words seconds, advertising space, call action, carnival fundraiser, donate airtime

Common Terms Used In Occupational Safety

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration is responsible for regulating occupational safety.

When you start a new job, you likely will encounter a wide variety of workplace jargon specific to your employment. In the realm of occupational safety, there are several common terms that might not be familiar to you. To fully understand your rights as a worker and to remain safe in the workplace, it is important to familiarize yourself with the following terms.

Occupational Safety and Health Act

The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act) was set up in 1970 to protect workers from being seriously harmed, or even killed, at work. Under this act, all American employers are required to provide their employees with safe working conditions free from known dangers. Under this act the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) was born. This organization hears complaints from workers who feel they are in a dangerous working environment.

Whistle-blower

"Whistle-blower" is a term used for anyone who discloses information against her employer. In regards to occupational safety, a whistle-blower is someone who contacts OSHA to report her employer's failure to provide a safe working environment. When a whistle-blower contacts OSHA, the complaint is confidential. The OSH Act protects whistle-blowers, preventing "any person from discharging or in any manner retaliating against any employee because the employee has exercised rights under the Act."

Material Safety Data Sheets

In workplaces that deal with chemical products, data sheets must be clearly posted to ensure safety. These worksheets are called Material Safety Data Sheets, or MSDS. All employees should be able to access the data sheets for all dangerous chemicals they come in contact with. They should also be provided with the proper training to deal with hazardous chemicals. Failure to comply with these standards gives employees a right to file a complaint with OSHA.

Personal Protective Equipment

OSHA requires that all employees who work in a hazardous environment, or work with hazardous chemicals, be provided with the appropriate personal protective equipment. This equipment is often referred to using the acronym PPE. If PPE is needed in the workplace, the employer should arrange to have proper training that details why the equipment is needed and shows employees wear the equipment correctly. There are different standards for PPE, depending on the type of work you do: general industry, shipyard work, marine terminals or longshoring.

Tags: Occupational Safety Health, Safety Health, Occupational Safety, contacts OSHA, data sheets

Pontoon Boat Pros And Cons

Pontoon boats are ideal for family outings on the lake.

Like other watercraft, a pontoon boat is not infallible. A pontoon's strengths double as weaknesses depending on how you decide to use your pontoon. On the other hand, its weaknesses accentuate what is beneficial and even desirable about a pontoon boat. Ultimately, the value of a pontoon boat rests in how you intend to use it whether it be a weekend getaway with family or an adventurous fishing trip.

Space (Pro)

Pontoon boats are popular mainly because they make boating with family and friends so easy. Their spacious decks and ample seating make them highly functional, because guests have plenty of room to lounge and even walk around. The versatility of the open arrangement on pontoons gives their owners the ability to bring charcoal grills, lawn chairs, ice chests and other bulky items onto their craft to an extent that other boats do not allow.

Entertainment (Pro)

The extra space that pontoon boats afford make them an ideal type of boat on which to entertain family and friends. The extra space for free movement is ideal for fun activities such as grilling, sun bathing and swimming. Unlike many fishing and speed boats that can be difficult to get into from the water if you are swimming, it is easy to board a pontoon boat because its deck sits low on the water. Most pontoon boats are also equipped with biminis so guests can relax in the shade.

Mobility (Con)

Pontoon boats are often bulky, making them difficult to control in windy weather. Especially if you use your pontoon boat for bass fishing, you may find it difficult to maneuver into narrow spots where fishermen must go. Also, they do not handle strong currents or heavy wake very well because they sit so low that water can easily flood into the boat in tempestuous weather. Consequently, pontoons are virtually unheard of on large bodies of water.

One-Dimensional (Con)

Pontoons are simply not sturdy enough to take far from land. If a sea, ocean or other large body of water is the only reasonably close water to you, a pontoon boat is not a good choice. Because of this, they are only viable for rivers and lakes that are calm. Their size also makes them undesirable for rivers with many shallow areas or those that are prone to erratic fluctuations in water level.

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What Are The Daily Duties Of A Radiologist

Radiologist

A radiologist is a doctor with specialized training in reading medical images. They interpret the results and provide a course of action for patients. According to the American Medical Association, just over one percent of physicians work as radiologists.

Operate Diagnostic Equipment

A radiologist operates diagnostic medical equipment, including x-ray machines and MRI scanners. Sometimes radiologists might only oversee this process, but they must know the inner workings of these machines to ensure they get the best medical images for diagnostic purposes.

Interpret Results

Following an x-ray, MRI or ultrasound, a radiologist will interpret the images and results. They will examine the medical images and look for signs of disease or other medical issues.

Meet with Other Doctors

After a radiologist reviews the medical images taken, she will discuss the results with the patient's doctor. In some smaller offices, radiologists may meet with patients to share the results and the recommended course of treatment.

Paperwork

Like all doctors, radiologists are also responsible for keeping up on patient files and paperwork.

Tags: medical images

Common Laboratory & Diagnostic Tests

Blood samples are placed in specially prepared tubes.

A group of eight tests known as the basic metabolic panel (BMP) are normally performed during a physical to screen for any abnormalities. These eight tests are used to determine if you are healthy or if there are indications that other tests might be needed to see if you are suffering from any potential diseases. These tests require a single sample of blood and may be collected randomly, or you may be directed to fast for up to 12 hours before the sample is taken.

Sample Collection

Many laboratory tests can also be performed on urine samples.

The doctor or nurse will take a small blood sample (sometimes two) by inserting a needle into a vein in your arm. The sample will be about 10 ml and is collected in a specially prepared tube. The tube will be shipped to a laboratory for analysis.

Glucose and Calcium

Your single sample will be divided at the laboratory for each test.

Levels of glucose may indicate metabolic disorders. High glucose can be an indication of diabetes or pre-diabetic conditions. Low glucose may indicate hypoglycemia. Calcium levels can indicate thyroid or liver disorders, osteoporosis and a variety of other conditions.

Electrolytes

Electrolyte balance is critical for optimal health.

Levels of sodium, potassiuim, carbon dioxide and chloride are routinely checked. Imbalances in sodium can indicate hypo or hypernatremia. Excess sodium sometimes decreases the amount of potassium in your body. Imbalances in sodium and potassium can lead to arrhythmia, hypertension and high or low blood pressure. Carbon dioxide and chloride levels can indicate acidosis or alkalosis.

Kidney Function Tests

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels indicate kidney function. Both are waste products of protein breakdown in the bloodstream. High levels indicate that the kidneys are not filtering these waste products effectively. About 1 in 10 Americans suffer from chronic kidney disease.

Normal Ranges for BMP Results

Test results are compared to normal ranges depending on your age and sex. Results that are outside of normal ranges may be due to non-threatening temporary circumstances or may indicate an acute or chronic medical condition that requires further examination. For instance, excess glucose may be due to a recent high-calorie meal. Excess BUN or creatinine may be due to recent strenuous activity or exercise. Let your doctor interpret your results to determine if further examination is necessary.

Tags: levels indicate, dioxide chloride, eight tests, further examination, glucose indicate, Imbalances sodium

Remove Cholesterol Deposits On The Eyelid

A deposit of cholesterol in the eyelid region or 'Xanthoma' is something that can be commonly encountered in the condition of type II hyperlipoproteinemia or hypercholesterolemic xanthomatosis. Xanthomas are actually non-contagious, yellow bulges of cholesterol that get deposited in the eyelids and manifest the high-end levels of cholesterol in the body. The only etiological factor that is involved in the causation of conditions like Xanthoma is high levels of low-density cholesterol in the body. Other symptoms that are related and confirm the presence of condition of type II hyperlipoproteinemia are chest pain and obesity. A routine check-up of the lipid profile of the body can ward off the incidence of type II hyperlipoproteinemia or hypercholesterolemic xanthomatosis.

Instructions

1. Make an appointment with a doctor. Follow the diet and consume the medications as prescribed by the doctor.

2. Restrain from the intake of foods that have levels of fat and cholesterol in them. This will aid in the melioration of the condition of the Xanthoma.

3. Opt for the management option of cosmetic surgery if the diet restrictions and medications fail to provide the desired results within the prescribed period of time. However, diet restrictions must still be followed even after the surgical procedure to prevent the recurrence of Xanthoma.

Tags: type hyperlipoproteinemia, cholesterol body, condition type, condition type hyperlipoproteinemia, diet restrictions

Ideas For Places To Travel Around Easter

Search for Easter eggs at hunts around the country.

Celebrate Easter and the beginning of spring with a holiday getaway. Choose an area that has Easter- and spring-themed events to get your family in the spirit of the holiday and season. Areas with moderate spring climates work well for families looking to get out of the cold for this spring holiday.

Washington D.C.

Participate in one of the country's oldest Easter traditions by taking your family to Washington D.C. for the annual White House Easter Egg Roll. A tradition that started in 1878, the Easter Egg Roll welcomes children from across the country to hunt for Easter eggs on the lawn of the most famous home in the U.S. In 2010, the Easter Egg Roll included activities like cooking stations, storytelling and appearances by the Easter Bunny. The Easter Egg Roll distributes tickets through a lottery system, so sign up before planning your trip. While in Washington D.C., your family can also enjoy the city's National Cherry Blossom Festival, where you can take in the city's cherry blossoms, which serve as an instant reminder of spring and new life.

Daytona Beach, Florida

Celebrate warmer temperatures around Easter by heading to Daytona Beach, Florida. Participate in the city's Easter Beach Run on the city's "World's Most Famous Beach." The event, which started in 1967, now takes place on the Saturday before Easter. The race is open to people of any age; adults can participate in the traditional 4-mile race, and children as young as 3 can join in on the 50-yard race down Daytona Beach. A trip to Daytona Beach calls for quality beach and pool time as well, so families can enjoy Florida's warm spring temperatures. Stay at the Best Western Aku Tiki located directly on Daytona Beach, where you can enjoy amenities like a tiki bar and oceanfront pool deck.

San Francisco, California

Head to the west coast to enjoy Easter at the San Francisco Zoo. During the week leading up to Easter, guests can enjoy the zoo's annual Big Bunny's Spring Fling. At this event, children can take pictures with the Easter Bunny as well as pet and learn about live bunnies. This live bunny play area supports the Save a Bunny organization. Kids can also watch Easter-themed puppet shows and participate in Easter crafts and games. Other Easter events in San Francisco include the Spring Eggstravagaza, an all-ages Easter egg hunt, as well as an annual Easter parade.

Tags: Daytona Beach, Easter Roll, your family, Beach Florida, Daytona Beach Florida, Easter Bunny, Easter eggs

What Does Mrsa Look Like On The Skin

MRSA, or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, is a type of staph bacteria. Resistant to some antibiotics, MRSA is capable of causing serious, widespread infections. Since MRSA infections often begin as localized skin infections, recognizing the signs of an MRSA skin infection is an important part of preventing a widespread MRSA infection.

General Appearance

An MRSA skin infection typically looks red and swollen. Often, the infection begins as a small bump on the skin, although this is not always the case.

Sensation

MRSA infections on the skin are usually painful and feel warm to the touch.

Pus

Some MRSA skin infections may cause pus or other liquids to pool under the skin. Liquids may be contained or may begin draining out of the area on their own.

Other Symptoms

MRSA skin infections may cause a fever.

Proceed

Call your doctor if you suspect an MRSA infection, especially if a fever is present. Do not try to treat the infection on your own; instead, cover the area with a bandage to avoid spreading MRSA bacteria to others.

Tags: MRSA skin, skin infections, infections cause, MRSA infection, MRSA infections, MRSA skin infection, MRSA skin infections

Guidelines For Children'S Health Insurance

Children's health insurance provides benefits for childhood immunizations.

Health insurance can help parents curb the cost of health care for their children, as well as provide financial security against unexpected health emergencies. The passage of the Affordable Care Act makes it possible for children to receive all the benefits they need through their health insurance plans, and families who cannot afford health insurance may have access to some low-cost coverage options.

Coverage

Children require frequent medical visits. The Centers for Disease Control recommends eight immunization visits between birth and age 2, as well as regular check-ups. Children's health insurance should cover routine preventive care, as well as sick visits, prescription drugs, emergency care and inpatient and outpatient procedures. Insurance should also provide benefits for vision screenings and dental care, as the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry recommends that a child begin visiting the dentist before age 1, or when the first tooth comes in.

The Affordable Care Act

In 2010, congress and President Barack Obama enacted the Affordable Care Act into law. The law reformed the health-care system, immediately requiring health insurance providers to approve health insurance applications for all children under age 19, regardless of pre-existing health conditions. The law also requires that all health insurance policies underwritten after September 2010 provide free preventive care without requiring the policy-holder to pay a deductible, copay or coinsurance. Routine childhood vaccinations, hearing screenings and well-baby check-ups are included in these provisions.

Private Health Insurance

Private health insurance plans include policies purchased individually on the private market, as well as employer-based group health plans. Parents can add children to their health insurance plans during the open enrollment period each year, or within 30 days of the birth of a child. While the employer usually pays for half or all of an employee's health insurance premiums, the employee may be responsible for the premiums of the rest of his family. Anyone who loses health insurance due to a job loss or layoff can continue using the employer health plan under COBRA for up to 18 months.

Government Options

Low-income families with children may qualify for government health insurance benefits under Medicaid or the Children's Health Insurance Program. Residents of all U.S. states have access to both programs, and if eligible, can receive medical coverage at free or reduced premiums and copays. Children qualify based on household size and income, and each state determines its own income guidelines. Children receive comprehensive health coverage under both Medicaid and CHIP, including dental and vision benefits.

Tags: health insurance, Affordable Care, health insurance, health insurance plans, insurance plans, Children Health Insurance, Children health insurance

What Does Skin Shingles Look Like

Shingles usually appears on just one side of the body.

Shingles is a skin condition that causes painful blisters and skin rashes. An estimated 1 million people a year have an active shingles episode. The virus that causes shingles is the same virus that causes chicken pox and can lie dormant or become active.

Redness and Swelling

When the shingles virus first becomes active, an affected person will see redness and swelling at the same spot where he feels pain.

Blisters

Clusters of blisters will appear at the site of the previous redness and swelling. These blister clusters may be filled with a clear fluid that looks like pus. The blisters will continue to form for approximately five days and could form into a band or appear in patches.

Rash

A rash usually occurs at the site of the redness. The rash can appear due to the individual touching or scratching the area, or it can be caused by skin irritation.

Affected Area

Shingles usually appears on only one side of the body. This is because the nerves that are affected by the virus affect one side of the body.

Discoloration

Usually, after being active for 14 days, the blisters will fill with pus and form scabs. Once scabs form, the virus is no longer active. When the scabs heal, the skin will be discolored.

Tags: blisters will, side body, that causes, redness swelling, Shingles usually, Shingles usually appears

Colorado State Disabled Veterans Benefits

The State of Colorado offers benefits to its disabled veterans.

The State of Colorado provides benefits to active, retired and/or disabled military personnel, and these benefits can include special tax exemptions, assistance with employment or tuition, and discounted or free hunting/fish licenses. Program eligibility varies by residency, disability status and/or sector of the military. The Colorado Division of Veterans Affairs provides information and assistance to veterans regarding who they should contact to obtain these benefits.

State Tax Advantage

Retired members of the United States Armed Forces (all branches) can qualify to exclude nearly $20,000 from their taxable retirement income. Most forms of military disability retirement pay many not be taxed by either the state or federal government, but qualification varies by service. The Veterans Administration Disability Dependency and Indemnity Compensation may not be taxed either by the state or federal government.

Motor Vehicle Tax

Disabled veterans or former prisoners of war can quality for a motor vehicle tax waiver. They must qualify under state law to receive the tax waiver. All vehicles can qualify this waiver, but they must be registered at different times.

State Tuition Assistance

Members of the Colorado National Guard can receive up to 100 percent paid tuition at a Colorado state-funded school. This tuition can either be given solely or in addition to Federal Tuition Assistance. Deadlines vary per semester, and guard members must serve two years per one year of tuition. Students must also keep a 2.0 GPA. Free tuition is also given to children whose parent(s) was a Colorado resident and a prisoner of war, missing in action or disabled. Children of National Guard members who died on duty or are disabled also qualify for state tuition. Students must attended state-supported schools to qualify for the grant.

State Employment

Active Colorado National Guard members will receive up to 15 days of paid military leave. Veterans of any military sect will be eligible for employment preference in city or county government positions with a Merit System. Disabled veterans will have up to 10 points added to their Merit System grade while non-disabled veterans will have up to 5 points added to their state employment grade.

Other Benefits

Colorado National Guard Members will receive dental and full medical coverage. Disabled veterans who are residents of Colorado or patients at a resident hospital will receive a free, lifetime, small-game hunting and fishing license. Low-income veterans can receive up to $50 for burial allowances and up to $50 for markers or headstones, as of June 2010.

Tags: National Guard, Colorado National, Colorado National Guard, will receive, added their, Disabled veterans

About Liver Cancer Survival

About Liver Cancer Survival

Liver cancer is a type of carcinoma that can start in the liver itself or can be caused by cancer that has spread from another place in the body. Although there are several distinct types of liver cancer, they are all fatal, if left untreated. With treatment, patients may be able to survive and eventually become cancer-free or symptom-free.

Definition

Liver cancer survival rates are determined by the length of time a person survives after her initial diagnosis. EMedTV says that statistics usually use a 5-year baseline, during which the person must become disease-free or have few or no signs of cancer.

Considerations

Several factors affect liver cancer survival rates. These include the size of the tumor, how much of the liver is being affected, the stage of the cancer, and whether it has spread to other parts of the body.

Statistics

According to eMedTV, the overall survival rate for patients with liver cancer is 9 percent. This means that 9 percent of patients survive for at least 5 years.

Variance

Liver cancer survival rates vary based on sex and race. The survival rate is lower for African-American men and women than for Caucasians. The survival rate is highest for white women (10.6 percent vs. 4.6 percent for black women, 7.4 percent for white men, and 5.5 percent for black men).

Limitations

Overall liver cancer survival rates are determined by statistics based on large groups of patients. Each individual case is different, so it's impossible to use these statistics to determine the likely survival period for an individual with liver cancer.

Tags: cancer survival rates, survival rates, cancer survival, survival rate, About Liver, About Liver Cancer, liver cancer

Colorado Insurance Laws

Colorado insurance laws are designed to protect the consumer.

The Colorado Division of Insurance is the regulatory agency for insurance companies who wish to conduct business within the state. The agency examines both the marketing activities, legal compliance and financial solvency of all insurance companies who sell policies to Colorado residents. To meet the financial responsibility laws, Colorado residents must purchase their automobile policies from a company to which the agency has granted approval.

Bodily Injury Liability

Colorado requires you to purchase bodily injury liability coverage, which pays others for medical expenses, lost wages and incidental expenses related to an accident you cause. The amount the insurance company will pay is the amount of coverage you purchase. Legally, you must provide at least $25,000 in coverage for one person and $50,000 for all people who suffer injuries in the same accident. Should the injured party's expenses exceed your policy limits, he may file a lawsuit to recover the additional costs. Therefore, if you have personal assets you need to protect, you may wish to purchase more coverage than the legal minimum.

Property Damage Liability

Property damage pays others for damages to the vehicles or other real property due to an accident you cause. It does not pay to repair your own car. The legal minimum for property damage liability under Colorado law is $15,000 per event.

Medical Payment Coverage

A Colorado statute requires all automobile insurance policies to include medical payment coverage with a minimum limit of $5,000. This coverage pays medical expenses for you and your passengers, regardless of who causes the accident. You can reject the coverage in writing, and the insurance company must retain proof of the rejection for a minimum of three years.

Underinsured/Uninsured Motorist Coverage

Despite laws requiring drivers to carry, at minimum, liability insurance, some drivers do not purchase the coverage. If you are unlucky enough to suffer an injury in an accident caused by one of these drivers, you may not have the means to pay for your medical bills or lost income. Uninsured motorist coverage will pay your medical bills, lost wages and pain and suffering up to the limits of your policy. Underinsured motorist coverage provides the same benefits, but covers you when the other driver's policy limits are less than your expenses. Colorado law does not require you to purchase this coverage, but the law requires all insurance companies selling policies in the state to offer them to you. The law applies to renewals as well as new policies, and the amount of coverage must be equal to or greater than the bodily injury liability policy limits. You can reject the coverage by providing the agent or company with a written notice that you choose to waive the coverage.

Penalties for Driving without Insurance

Colorado drivers must carry proof of insurance with them whenever they drive. Even if you have insurance, if you cannot provide proof to a law enforcement officer, you may have to appear in court to answer a summons for failing to possess proof of liability insurance. If your contact with law enforcement is due to an accident, the officer may confiscate your license and issue a notice that your license will be suspended in one week unless you furnish an SR22 form within that time and maintain it for three years. If contact is not the result of an accident, you may receive a ticket. Each offense results in four points charged to your record and the possibility of 40 hours of community service. The fine is at least $500 for a first offense and at least $1,000 for every subsequent offense. Your license will be suspended until you show proof of insurance if it is your first offense. Second and third offenses will result in suspensions of four months and eight months, respectively. A $40 reinstatement fee applies if the state suspends your license.

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How Much Money Does A Nurse Practitioner Make In A Year

Nurse practitioner salary depends on several factors.

A nurse practitioner is an advanced practice nurse. This professional diagnoses and treats a variety of patients. This profession ranked fourth out of 50 top careers in America, according to Money magazine. Several factors contribute to the salary of a nurse practitioner.

Role

Nurse practitioners undertake advanced training that qualifies them to function as primary care providers. Nurse practitioners treat patients in family practice, women's health and pediatrics. In the United States, they can prescribe medication to patients.

Salary

According to Payscale.com, annual salary for a nurse practitioner ranges from $68,310 to $86,369. Some employers provide bonuses which add an additional $997 to $5,073. These figures were collected via a survey as of September 2010.

Experience

With less than a year experience, as of September 2010, nurse practitioners earn a median salary of $58,673 to $79,334 annually. Once experience accrues to five to nine years, nurse practitioner median salary rises to $65,701 to $89,906.

Employer

The type of employer contributes to compensation for a nurse practitioner. According to a salary survey conducted by the Bureau of the Department of Labor, those employed in home health centers and nursing homes earned a lower salary than nurse practitioners working in hospitals and heath care staffing agencies.

Tags: nurse practitioner, median salary, Nurse practitioners, nurse practitioners, salary nurse

Minimum Requirements For California Pharmacy Technicians

The California Employment Development Department predicts that the demand for pharmacy technicians in the state will increase by more than 28 percent from 2008 through 2018. To work as a pharmacy technician in California, a professional license is necessary. The California State Board of Pharmacy oversees the technician licensing program for the state, establishing and enforcing its minimum requirements.

General Requirements

The California State Board of Pharmacy has several basic requirements for pharmacy technician licensing. The state requires prospective technicians to be at least 18 years of age and have a valid Social Security number. Applicants for licensing must also have a high school diploma or a GED. In addition, candidates must pass a criminal background investigation. As a part of this background check, technicians must undergo professional fingerprinting at a Live Scan Center.

Education and Training

To qualify for licensing as a California pharmacy technician, applicants must complete a training program established by the state. The program must consist of a minimum of 240 hours of training, including an 80-hour internship at a retail or hospital pharmacy. The training program must cover information about basic body systems and anatomy. Instruction in calculate dosages and perform administrative work in pharmacies is also mandatory. Community colleges, hospitals and private training schools throughout California offer the required minimum education for licensing.

Application

Prospective pharmacy technicians must complete an application and return it to the California State Board of Pharmacy. The application is available for download from the board's website. The form requires applicants to answer questions about their educational background and personal history, such as if they have ever been convicted of a crime. Applicants must submit proof of their education, such as an official certificate or academic transcript.

Other Education Options

California will accept applications from prospective technicians who complete alternative training. An associate degree in pharmacy technology from any accredited college or university is sufficient for licensing. Graduates of American pharmacy technology programs accredited by the Society of Health-System Pharmacists also qualify for licensure. As of 2010, 13 schools in California had accredited programs. Pharmacy technicians who received training in the U.S. military are eligible for licensing, as are individuals who have received professional certification through the Pharmacy Technician Certification Board. This professional credentialing requires pharmacists to pass a computer-based examination.

Tags: Board Pharmacy, California State, California State Board, pharmacy technician, State Board, State Board Pharmacy

What Is The Illness Called Shingles

Shingles is a viral infection caused by the same virus that causes chicken pox. It causes a painful rash that usually starts in the middle of your back and travels around one side to the breast bone.

The Facts

Once you have had chickenpox, the virus lies dormant in nerve tissue. This virus can reactivate at any time as shingles.

Causes and Risk Factors

The reason the virus sometimes reactivates is unknown. You are more likely to develop shingles if you are over 50, have a weakened immune system or developed chickenpox before you were a year old.

Symptoms

Pain, burning or tingling may be experienced before there is a rash. A red rash begins a few days after the pain. Fluid-filled red blisters may break open. Some people experience itching, as well as fever, chills, achiness, fatigue and headache.

Treatment

Shingles usually heals on its own within a few weeks. Antiviral drugs are most effective if prescribed within 72 hours of the first sign of a rash. Your doctor may prescribe pain medication if you experience severe pain.

Considerations

If you have shingles, the virus can be spread to anyone who hasn't had chickenpox. Chickenpox can be dangerous to pregnant women, newborns or anyone with a weakened immune system.

Tags: immune system, weakened immune, weakened immune system

Colonoscopy Procedure Description

A colonoscopy lets your doctor clearly see the inside of your colon and rectum to check for medical conditions and abnormalities. Colonoscopies are recommended in some cases when blood is found in the stool, for people with a family history of colorectal cancers and for older people.

Types

There are two major types of colonoscopies. During a traditional colonoscopy, a tube is inserted into the rectum for the doctor to view and examine the inside. During a virtual colonoscopy, a CAT or CT scanner is used to view the colon from the outside, while a smaller tube is inserted to pump in gas.

Time Frame

Patients begin preparing for their colonoscopy 24 hours before the exam. Your doctor will likely provide a powerful prescription laxative to empty your bowels, colon and rectum of all stool. You will need to stay close to a bathroom. The exam itself takes 20 minutes to an hour.

Features

In a traditional colonoscopy, the patient will be given a sedative, and the doctor will insert a tube into the rectum. The tube contains a light, a camera and a space for tools, in case the doctor needs to remove a polyp. Air is pumped in through the tube.

In a virtual colonoscopy, the patient will not be sedated unless polyps are detected. A small tube is placed into the rectum for the doctor to pump gas in, while the CT scanner creates an image of the colon from the outside. If polyps are detected, the patient may be given a standard colonoscopy to remove them.

Considerations

Because of the sedatives, you will need someone to drive you home after the procedure.

Misconceptions

Colonoscopies are generally not painful, but can be uncomfortable. Many patients find the anticipation is far worse than the exam.

Warning

If stool remains in the colon, the doctor may not get a complete look at the inside, and the results may not be conclusive. Virtual colonoscopies may not be as thorough as traditional colonoscopies, and smaller polyps may escape detection.

Tags: into rectum, colon from, colon from outside, colon rectum, colonoscopy patient, colonoscopy patient will, doctor will

Gadolinium Side Effects On Heart

The United States Food and Drug Administration issued a black box warning for gadolinium in 2007 because of the potential for serious side effects. The substance is used as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging, and is injected into people as a dye. Gadolinium side effects on the heart are a complication from gadolinium-induced kidney disease.

Most Common Side Effects

Gadolinium side effects can include facial swelling, skin rashes, low blood pressure, headache, nausea and light-headedness.

Warning

A rare but serious complication can occur in people with impaired kidney function, when the kidneys have trouble eliminating all the dye from the body. This disorder is called nephrogenic systemic fibrosis/nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy, and was first identified in 1997, according to the FDA.

Severe Symptoms

Symptoms of NSF/NFD as listed by the FDA include hard, shiny and unusually dark skin that becomes tight and very painful. There also can be joint pain and inflexibility, loss of motion, yellowish eyes, and damage to the lungs, heart and other organs.

Function Breakdown

When the heart and other organs are affected by this disorder, they thicken and scar and cannot function effectively.

Progression

Damage to the lungs and heart can cause severe, sometimes fatal, breathing difficulties.

No Available Treatment

As of 2009, no effective treatment for NSF/NFD has been developed. Numerous afflicted people have filed lawsuits against the producers of gadolinium for MRIs, as well as other contrast substances associated with the disorder, according to the NSF organizational website.

Tags: Gadolinium side, Gadolinium side effects, heart other, heart other organs, lungs heart, other organs

About Medical Information Management

Medical information management is one of the fastest growing medical career fields in the United States. Medical information management specialists code, analyze and protect vital private medical information. People with training in medical information management work in a variety of settings from doctors' offices to hospitals and insurance companies.

History

Medical information management has its history in the early 20th century when medical record librarians would store patient medical records in the basement of the hospital. There was no uniform organizational standard and many records were incomplete. Clerks were untrained and poorly paid. In 1928, the Association of Record Librarians of North America was formed to formalize the collection and management of medical records. Now known as the American Health Information Management Association, the organization has transformed medical information management from an afterthought at most hospitals into a thriving profession.

Function

Medical information management records and saves an individual's entire medical history from one health care facility. Information may include any documented allergic reactions, surgeries, prescriptions and any medical advice that the patient may have received. Medical information management staff also analyze each chart to ensure that all information is complete and accurate. After being analyzed, records are coded by professionals as part of the billing process and for statistical analysis.

Types

There are many different types of medical information management. Each type of health care provider may collect different types of information. The medical information collected at a personal physician's office will often involve many visits over a number of years. Medical information management at this type of provider may include checking to make sure all information is consistent across visits. Mental health medical information management is different in that there is an added burden to make sure that the information contained in the record is private. Other types of medical information management include hospital records management and insurance records management.

Benefits

The benefits offered by medical information management are many. Without a complete, accurate medical record, a patient's health care may suffer. By having easy access to a patient's entire medical history, doctors may prevent drug interaction, allergic reactions and may be able to rule out diseases or symptom causes based on past medical problems. A complete and well-managed medical record can also make insurance payments faster and more accurate and can also allow for the collection of correct statistics that can improve heath care for everyone.

Potential

The potential for continuing growth in medical information management careers is high. Many health care providers are turning to electronic records in order to better maintain records and to share information between doctors, hospitals and insurance companies. As the population ages and rules governing the management of private health information become stricter, the need for trained medical information management professionals will continue to grow.

Tags: information management, information management, medical information management, health care, medical information, medical information

Description Of Salary For A General Surgery Doctor

A general surgical doctor can be found in an operating room.

A general surgery doctor is in the business of saving lives. Surgeons manually mend bones, tissues and organs that have been damaged by disease or injury. Years of formal education and a heavy workload lead to six-figure salaries in this field. A variety of data exist showing how much a general surgery doctor gets paid.

National

National median salaries vary, according to each source. According to the 2009 Physician Compensation Survey by the American Medical Group Association, the median salary for general surgeons was $340,000. Salary.com states that the median salary for a typical surgeon was $294,785 in November 2009. On the other hand, the LocumTenens.com 2008 Compensation and Employment Survey reveals that general surgeons earned an average annual salary of $284,000.

Experience

According to the 2009 Physician Compensation Survey, the starting salary for general surgeons was $260,000. The 2008 Compensation and Employment Survey conducted by LocumTenens.com revealed a lower entry-level salary: a surgeon with experience of five years or less had an approximate salary of $209,700; six to 10 years, $278,800; and more than 10 years, $294,000.

Employment

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the industries that employed the highest number of surgeons in May 2009 were physicians offices, with a mean annual wage of $227,860; general medical and surgical hospitals, $191,200; outpatient care centers, $214,090; colleges, universities and professional schools, $166,710; and offices of other health practitioners, $215,530. The offices of other health practitioners includes chiropractors, optometrists, mental health practitioners and more.

Top-Paying Industries

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the top-paying industry for surgeons in May 2009 was dentists offices; however, the Bureau of Labor Statistics does not list the wage data of surgeons within the offices of dentists. Other high-paying industries included the offices of physicians, $227,860; offices of other health practitioners, $215,530; outpatient care centers, $214,090; and the local government, $205,300.

Geography

According to the 2009 Physician Compensation Survey, the salary for general surgeons in the East was $316,380; West, $342,493; South, $316,184; and North $354,444. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the top-paying states in May 2009 for surgeons were Wyoming, Wisconsin, South Carolina, Oregon and New Jersey.

Gender

According to the physician LocumTenens.com and its 2008 Compensation and Employment Survey, men earned approximately $287,700, while women earned $258,000. On average, male surgeons were paid almost $30,000 more than female surgeons.

Tags: Bureau Labor, Bureau Labor Statistics, general surgeons, health practitioners, Labor Statistics, 2008 Compensation

Jobs And Salaries In Nuclear Medicine

Nuclear medicine uses tiny amounts of radiopharmaceuticals (radioactive materials) to diagnose and treat disease. Imaging nuclear medicine uses special cameras to take pictures of the inside of the body highlighted by the radiopharmaceuticals. To treat disease, the radiopharmaceuticals go directly to the area requiring treatment. According to the Society of Nuclear Medicine (SNM), about 4,000 board-certified nuclear medicine physicians and 15,700 certified nuclear medicine technologists work worldwide.

Nuclear Medicine Physician

According to the Medical Group Compensation and Financial Survey by the American Medical Group Association (AMGA), the 2009 median national salary in the U.S. for a nuclear medicine physician was $414,500. The median salary in the western U.S. was $273,032 and in the northern U.S. was $364,393.

Nuclear Medicine Technologists

Nuclear medicine technologists assist physicians in doing nuclear medicine procedures. Technologists receive training in a one-year certificate program, two-year associate's degree program or four-year bachelor's degree program and must then pass a certification exam to become a Certified Nuclear Medicine Technologist (CNMT). According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the median salary, as of May 2009, for nuclear medicine technologists was $67,910, with 50 percent earning between $57,640 and $79,630.

Nuclear Medicine Pharmacists

A nuclear medicine pharmacist specializes in acquiring, compounding, dispensing, distributing and developing radiopharmaceuticals. The nuclear pharmacist monitors how patients respond to radiopharmaceuticals and provides information about health and safety issues. According to the SNM, nuclear pharmacist salaries are comparable with those of non-nuclear pharmacists. According to the BLS, the May 2009 annual median salary for pharmacists was $109,180, with 50 percent earning between $95,780 and $123,330.

Nuclear Medicine Scientists

Nuclear medicine physicists ensure the reliability and quality of the instruments used to perform nuclear tests. According to indeed.com, as of January 2011, the national average nuclear medicine physicist salary is $96,000. Radiochemists develop and improve radiopharmaceuticals. According to payscale.com, as of January 2011, the national salary range for radiochemists is $61,000 to $95,396.

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Medical Technician Schools In Colorado

Medical technology is a burgeoning career field.

The U.S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts a 24-percent increase in the health care and social services sector during the coming 8 years. This industry--which includes hospitals, nursing care facilities and individual and family service--is expected to gain 4 million new jobs. This growth in employment will be driven by longer life expectancy and aging population. Many schools in Colorado will help you tool yourself to work in medical technician positions.

Arapahoe Community College

Arapahoe Community College offers EMT training as well as additional technology courses.

Arapahoe Community College offers several medical technician courses, including emergency medical services, medical office technology, pharmacy technician, phlebotomy and medical laboratory technician.

Arapahoe Community College

5900 South Santa Fe Drive

Littleton, Colorado 80120

303-797-4222

arapahoe.edu

The Colorado Center for Medical Laboratory Science

The Colorado Center for Medical Laboratory Science is a bachelor-level program.

The Colorado Center for Medical Laboratory Science is a program of the Colorado Health Foundation. It offers specialized laboratory science education aimed at obtaining a medical laboratory position. A bachelor of science level program admission requirements include a bachelor of science or bachelor of arts degree before enrollment or enrollment in senior level clinical laboratory science and medical technology curriculum at a college affiliated with the Colorado Center, 16 semester hours in chemistry, 16 semester hours in biological sciences and one college level mathematics course. The required coursework must qualify toward a degree in chemistry or biological sciences.

The Colorado Center for Medical Laboratory Science

1719 E. 19th Avenue

Denver, CO 80218

303-839-6435

medlabed.org

IntelliTec Medical Institute

IntelliTec Medical Institute has day and evening classes in medical laborator technician.

IntelliTec Medical Institute offers a medical laboratory technician program yielding an associate of applied science degree. Both day and evening classes are available.

IntelliTec Medical Institute

2345 North Academy Blvd.

Colorado Springs, CO 80909

719-596-7400

intellitecmedical.edu‎

Pima Medical Institute

Opthalmic medical technology training is available at Pima Medical Institute.

Pima Medical Institute (PMI) has two Colorado campuses--one in Denver and one in Colorado Springs. PMI offers a phlebotomy technician program at the Colorado Springs campus and an ophthalmic medical technician program at the Denver campus. The ophthalmic medical technician program is a 2-year program yielding an associate's degree.

Pima Medical Institute

Colorado Springs campus

3770 Citadel Drive North

Colorado Springs, CO 80909

Denver campus

7475 Dakin St.

Denver, CO 80221

800-477-7462

pmi.edu

Remington College

Remington College offers pharmacy technician training.

Remington College offers a pharmacy technician program at the Colorado Springs campus. The program can be completed in 9 months and yields a diploma.

Remington College

6050 Erin Park Drive, Suite 250

Colorado Springs, CO 80918

800-560-6192

remingtoncollege.edu

Tags: Medical Institute, Colorado Springs, Colorado Center, technician program, Arapahoe Community

Salary Of A Dialysis Pct In California

Dialysis patient care technicians make patients comfortable during their treatments.

Dialysis patient care technicians earn their wages by tending to the needs of patients with failing kidneys. Dialysis patients require treatments about three times per week that last three to four hours each. By employing patient care technicians, hospitals, clinics and dialysis centers can keep the cost of healthcare lower, as PCT's cost less than hiring nurses to do the same tasks.

Average Salary

The average salary of a dialysis patient care technician in California was $40,967 in June 2011, according to CareerBuilder. The job listing website said the average salary range was $27,084 to $51,542.

Compared to National Figures

Dialysis patient care technicians in California earn more than the national average salary. According to CareerBuilder's 2011 data, the average U.S. salary of a dialysis patient care technician was $35,687, with an average range of $23,593 to $44,899. The Occupational Information Network said that the median salary for all patient care technicians was $24,040 in 2009.

Duties

Dialysis patient care technicians help the registered nurse on duty tend to the patients in the dialysis center, taking pre-dialysis vital signs that include blood pressure, temperature and weight. PCT's check on patients during treatment and address issues, such as blood clotting as they occur. If certified as a hemodialysis technician, the PCT can insert needles and initiate the dialysis treatment.

Employment Outlook

The outlook for dialysis for patient care technicians is excellent. Job growth up to 19 percent is expected by the Occupational Information Network during the period from 2008 to 2018. For the same time period, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts the need for PCTs will grow by 18 percent. The bureau cites a growing and aging population as the main catalyst of the growth.

Tags: patient care, care technicians, patient care technicians, average salary, average salary dialysis, care technician, Dialysis patient

Specifications For Komatsu Equipment

Komatsu began marketing its construction equipment to the American public in the 1960s. Komatsu manufactures an extensive line of products that includes several models of excavators and dozers.

Engine

The Komatsu PC09-1 excavator is fitted with a four-cycle, water-cooled, two-cylinder Komatsu 2D70E engine. This engine offers 8.7 horsepower at 2,200 revolutions per minute and a 34.7-cubic-inch displacement. Komatsu's D21A-8 dozer features a water-cooled four-cylinder Komatsu 4D94LE-2 engine. This engine offers 43.1 horsepower at 2,450 revolutions per minute and a 186-cubic-inch displacement.

Capacities

The PC09-1 excavator can hold 2.9 gallons of fuel, 0.6 gallons of engine coolant, 0.5 gallons of engine oil and 2.4 gallons of hydraulic fluid. The D21A-8 dozer is fitted with a 15.9-gallon fuel tank. This dozer can also hold 2.6 gallons of coolant and 5.5 gallons of hydraulic fluid.

Travel Speed

Komatsu's PC09-1 can travel at 1.9 miles per hour in high gear. In low gear, this excavator travels at 0.9 miles per hour. Komatsu's D21A-8 dozer can travel forward at a rate of either 1.6 or 2.7 miles per hour and reverse at a rate of either 2.1 or 3.5 miles per hour.

Tags: miles hour, D21A-8 dozer, coolant gallons, either miles, either miles hour, engine offers, engine offers horsepower

Colleges With Forensic Science

Forensic science schools train future law enforcement professionals to use science to solve cases.

Forensic science is an applied science discipline that focuses on the acquiring and analysis of data, usually for criminal investigation purposes. Students who complete a forensic science degree usually go to work for police departments and federal law enforcement agencies, carrying out investigations into subjects such as deaths, bullet fragments, DNA tissues and arson with the intention of collecting evidence for a criminal trial.

Types of Degrees

Students can pursue either a bachelor's degree in forensic science or a master's degree. For the latter, students must complete a master's thesis. Research topics that forensics science professionals can explore include DNA analysis, impression identification and toxicology. Research topics often focus on developing innovative methods for using technological advancements in criminal investigations. Students can also acquire a degree in another field, such as biology, and choose to specialize in forensic science. Some schools also offer forensic science minors. Many students who complete this program go on to teach future forensics science professionals.

Out of School Experience

Students are educated so that they can play a role in the forensic science department of a law enforcement agency. Graduate students typically get direct courtroom experience and face-to-face interaction with forensic specialists and various law enforcement professionals such as attorneys and police officers. Students usually must complete an internship program.

Subjects

Forensic science programs focus both on science and legal proceedings. Students are taught about the collection, analysis and interpretation of forensic evidence. Students must take various courses in forensics such as advanced forensic science, forensic chemical analysis, forensic psychology, human skeletal anatomy and the anthropology of death. Students must study chemistry, biology, math, anthropology, geology, meteorology, entomology and physics in addition to taking specialized courses in forensic sciences. Some universities have dedicated forensic science laboratories.

Skills Earned

Students must master both the investigative, scientific and legal aspects of forensic science. For example, students must learn about the standards in place that ensure that investigators do not tamper with evidence. Graduate students are also required to do their part to maintain ethical standards for the forensics science field, such as promoting technology that will not violate privacy concerns.

Tags: forensic science, forensics science, enforcement professionals, field such, Forensic science, forensics science professionals

Colleges That Offer Nuclear Medicine Technology

Colleges That Offer Nuclear Medicine Technology

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts that the demand for nuclear medicine technologists will increase by 16 percent from 2008 through 2018. A number of colleges in the U.S. offer programs in nuclear medicine technology, the field of diagnostic medical testing that uses radioactive medications to produce images of the brain and other body parts. Found in locations throughout the country, the colleges that offer nuclear medicine technology carry the certification of the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists.

South College

Located in Knoxville, Tennessee, South College is a private, for-profit institution founded in 1882. The college grants a Bachelor of Science degree in health science with a concentration in nuclear medicine. Before beginning the program, students must first complete the degree requirements for the college's Associate of Applied Science degree in radiography. The associate degree's two-year curriculum includes 40 credit hours of general education courses in mathematics and science and 80 credit hours of courses and clinical practice in X-ray technology. Once students enter the bachelor's program, they spend two additional years concentrating on nuclear medicine safety and instrumentation. Eligible students can take advantage of federal and state grants and loans, veterans benefits, work-study opportunities and institutional scholarships and loans to offset the cost of tuition. Job placement assistance is offered for all graduates.

South College

3904 Lonas Drive

Knoxville, TN 37909

865-251-1800

southcollegetn.edu

Bellevue College

Home to approximately 5,700 degree-seeking students, Bellevue Community College is a public, two-year institution in Bellevue, Washington. The college offers an 18-month Associate in Arts degree in nuclear medicine technology. Admission to the program is selective and requires students to have previous coursework experience in pre-calculus, English composition, general and organic chemistry, biochemistry, physics, and human anatomy and physiology. Students participate in a total of eight clinical rotations during the course of the program. In addition to traditional live, classroom-based instruction, students in remote areas of the state can attend classes through distance education. With this option, students observe lectures and participate in classroom discussions live via video-conferencing and can select clinical placement sites near their homes. Federal and state financial aid, veterans benefits, Washington state worker-retraining and institutional scholarship programs are available for qualified students.

Bellevue Community College

3000 Landerholm Circle Southeast

Bellevue, WA 98007

425-564-1000

bellevuecollege.edu

Molloy College

The Roman Catholic Church founded Molloy College in 1955 in the Long Island, New York, community of Rockville Centre. The college is home to nearly 4,000 undergraduate and graduate students and features an Associate of Applied Science degree in nuclear medicine. Among the courses required for the program are statistics, physics, radiation safety, radiopharmacology, anatomy and physiology, and chemistry. Students participate in five clinical rotations over the course of the two-year program, beginning as simple observers and then eventually performing tests under the supervision of licensed technologists. Approximately 85 percent of students at Molloy College receive some type of financial aid, reports the 2009 Barron's Profiles of American Colleges.

Molloy College

1000 Hempstead Ave.

P.O. Box 5002

Rockville Centre, NY 11571

888-466-5569

molloy.edu

Tags: nuclear medicine, Molloy College, Science degree, South College, anatomy physiology, Applied Science, Applied Science degree

What Education Does An Ultrasound Tech Need

With new advancements and technology in the medical field, the demand for ultrasound technicians or sonographers has increased over the years. The need for professionals in this field is expected to continue growing.

Sonography

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics' website, different areas of education are accepted to work as an ultrasound technician. There are a variety of ways to enter into the field.

Training

Training to be an ultrasound technician can be done in a hospital, university, vocational-technical institute, or in the armed forces. Experience in health care or a background in science may be preferred by some training programs.

Education

Knowledge in math and science is important for sonographers. A love of learning is key as the medical field is always changing. Most colleges and universities have two-year (associate degree) and four-year (bachelor's degree) programs. There are some one-year programs that may also be accepted by employers.

Registration

A license in diagnostic medical sonography isn't required by any state. However, many employers prefer to hire an ultrasound technician who is registered. A sonographer can be registered through the American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography (ARDMS) by passing several exams and completing a certain number of continuing education hours.

Opportunities

If you are able to stay ahead of new advancements in the medical field and expand your knowledge in several specialized areas of sonography, you will encounter great opportunities in the field.

Tags: medical field, ultrasound technician

Gaba Effects On The Brain

Gaba Effects on the Brain

Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the second most common neurotransmitter chemical in the human brain. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter--it calms and reduces the activity of neurons. Some anti-anxiety medications work by promoting greater availability of GABA to brain cells.

While many of the basic functions of GABA have become better understood in the last decade, scientists continue to make new discoveries about GABA and the multiple types of GABA receptors, each of which can play a different role in neural cells.

What are Neurotransmitters?

Neurotransmitters are chemical molecules that brain cells (neurons) and nerve cells use to communicate with each other.

These molecules are released from one neuron (the presynaptic neuron) and travel across a gap (known as a synapse) to attach themselves to a specific receptor site on an opposing neuron (the postsynaptic neuron). When molecules of a given neurotransmitter dock at its dedicated receptor site, specific functions are activated in the receiving cell.

The neurotransmitter may then be re-released back into the synapse for re-uptake into the presynaptic neuron, at which point the transmission process can be repeated.

What Does GABA Do?

GABA is known as an inhibitory neurotransmitter. This means that when it docks at the receptor site of a neuron, it reduces the activity level of that neuron and makes it less likely to fire an electrical signal ("action potential").

GABA achieves this because GABA receptor sites also control the admission of chloride ions into neurons and potassium ions out of neurons. Chloride increases the negative electrical charge within the neuron, and potassium increases the positive charge outside the neuron. This makes it more difficult for the neuron to fire the action potential and excite adjoining neurons.

How Does GABA Affect Psychology and Physiology?

Because GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, it is involved in processes in which neural activity is reduced, such as anxiety reduction, calming, and release of tension.

Some anti-anxiety medications like benzodiazepines and barbiturates primarily work by increasing the amount of GABA in the synapses that is available to bond to GABA receptor sites. Alcohol also promotes the influx of chloride ions into brain cells, and so amplifies the normal effects of GABA.

Caffeine, on the other hand, reduces the available GABA in the synapse, promoting effects like nervousness, anxiety, and difficulty sleeping.

The calming and inhibitory effects of GABA upon neuronal activity also has important physiological effects. For example, the cardiac vagal neurons (CVNs) are areas of the brain that moderate and slow heart rate, keeping it from becoming too rapid. GABA's inhibitory effect upon these neurons can cause heart rate to increase.

Medications that act upon GABA receptors are known as "GABAergic" drugs.

Tags: brain cells, GABA inhibitory, receptor site, action potential, anti-anxiety medications

How Does Mirena Work For Fibroids

How Does Mirena Work for Fibroids?

Introduction

Mirena is a "T" shaped device that can be placed in the uterine cavity to help prevent pregnancy. Inside the device is a cylinder in which levonorgestrel, a steroidal hormone, resides. Slowly, over time, the device releases approximately 20 μg per day of the hormone into the woman's system. Since levonorgestrel is progestogen, the introduction of the hormone into the system causes the cervical mucus to thicken, making it difficult for sperm to reach and fertilize and egg. It also causes the linings of the uterus to become too thin to be able to accept an egg.

Uterine Fibroids

Uterine fibroids are a common problem seen in women, especially just before menopause. Fibroids are growths that occur in the muscles of the uterus. Fibroids are benign growths, but can cause problems including heavier periods, and, in many cases, may warrant a hysterectomy.

Mirena and Fibroids

Since Mirena needs to be implanted in the uterus, large fibroids can make it nearly impossible to get the Mirena device to stay in place. However, if the fibroids are small enough to still allow the device to remain in place, the hormones released can actually help shrink the remaining fibroids. In fact, in a study by Doctors Sivin and Stern in the Journal of Fertility and Sterility, it was found that women who use Mirena may actually have less chance of developing fibroids, due to the presence of levonorgestrel in their uterine cavity.

Tags: Does Mirena, Does Mirena Work, hormone into, Mirena Work, Mirena Work Fibroids, uterine cavity